| Papers [1-14] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 8] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 —> | Search results on "TOKENS PRE SYMBOLS": |
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Tokens as Pre-writing Symbols, 2004.
This paper discusses the use of tokens as pre-writing symbols in Sumerian and other Near Eastern cultures.
1,582 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines examples of various tokens, which represented as pre-writing symbols. The author points out what tokens indicate about early civilizations. The paper relates the emergence of new systems of record keeping.
From the Paper
"Numerous scholars have presented evidence indicating that tokens often made of clay and presented in various significant sizes markings and shapes were used to keep accounts of financial and other transactions or accounts of grain jars of oil or units of land. These tokens, which appeared in such cultures as that of the Sumerians and other Near Eastern peoples, represented a first step toward the development of a written language as well as a system of numerical record-keeping of ..."
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Anti-Clericalism and Pre-Reformation England, 2007.
An analysis of the extent to which anti-clericalism contributed to an atmosphere ripe for reform in the pre-reformation (pre 1529) English Church.
2,977 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the reasons behind the eventual creation of the Church of England by King Henry VIII. It discusses how, although problems with the Catholic Church did exist, on the whole society believed in its central teachings, participated in its operations and invested heavily, both emotionally and financially, in its future right up to and beyond the Parliament of 1529.
From the Paper
"Much of the reason why members of Parliament, who as lawyers and merchants had particular grievances with the Cardinal, allowed proceedings within the House to escalate - to the point that the Church itself was placed under the spotlight - might be sought in the satisfaction they drew from puncturing the taboo that the Church was beyond reproach. More plausibly, however, Parliament's eagerness to ridicule Wolsey stemmed from circumstances during the previous summer of 1528 when a severe outbreak of sweating illness broke out in London, claiming heavy casualties. A by-product of this epidemic was how it inadvertently contributed to shoring up the coffers of priests rather than doctors, since it led to the payment of more mortuary and probate fees. Such bitter experiences may have conceivably lingered in the mind of parliamentarians as a reason why debates were allowed to reach such venomous proportions. "
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Pre-planned Funerals, 2002.
A research design which examines how different people cope with death by pre-planning and paying for funerals.
2,895 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 59.95
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Abstract
The proposed study consists of a quasi-experimental research design that addresses issues of whether or not pre-planning and pre-paying for final arrangements is perceived by survivors as a cost-effective way of reducing the escalating cost of such arrangements and whether or not survivors believe that pre-paying and pre-planning effectively prevents funeral homes from capitalizing upon the vulnerability of survivors by increasing costs for final arrangements.
From the Paper
"It has been theorized that survivors commonly experience a wide range and variety of emotions attendant upon the death of a loved one or significant other (Bern-Klug, Ekerdt & Wilkinson, 1999). Among those emotions are shock, denial, and disorganization. Each of these emotions can contribute significantly to the stressfulness associated with making final arrangements for another person who has been of importance in the survivor's life (Leming & Dickinson, 1990). Other studies have suggested that more often than not, the person or group of people who are directly responsible for either making or overseeing final arrangements are typically in some state of crisis and likely to be overwhelmed by grief (Clark, 1987; Scheible Wolf, 1995). "
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Pre-Eclampsia, 2004.
An analysis of the gestational disease, pre-eclampsia.
1,688 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 20 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the extent to which supplementation with Vitamin C and E may impact the likelihood of developing pre-eclampsia in women with diabetes prior to pregnancy. The paper presents an examination of the causes of pre-eclampsia and hypertension as well as their effects on pregnancy. The literature review focuses on research related to women with pre-existing diabetes primarily, in order to determine whether this puts them at an increased risk for developing complications associated with pre-eclampsia and hypertension during pregnancy.
Outline
Introduction
Causes of Pre-Eclampsia and Hypertension
Problems Associated With Pre-eclampsia and Hypertension
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are many theories related to the causes of pre-eclampsia. Starcevic & Djelmis (2004) point out that gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher risk for developing pre-eclampsia as well as other complications during pregnancy. A study conducted by these researchers showed that pre-eclampsia was more likely to develop in women with Type I diabetes or diabetes pre-existing pregnancy In addition, gestational diabetes (11.4%) was defined as a risk factor for pre-eclampsia (Starcevic & Djelmis, 2004: 367) though this study will focus on diabetes not associated with pregnancy. The authors conclude that improving glycemic control during pregnancy might reduce the risk for developing pre-eclampsia."
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Pre-Medical Care, 2008.
This paper discusses the many topics concerning pre-hospital care primarily through a literary review.
4,310 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 79.95
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Abstract
This research relates that pre-hospital care has remained a mere sub-specialty, yet its role in the continuum of medical intervention cannot be understated. The research then looks at the range of activities pre-hospital care covers, the three phases involved, including the basic principles, observers and the activities conducted during the primary and secondary surveys and training as essential for handling road traumas. It also discusses how paramedics can become more responsive to pre-hospital demand, the problems that are currently confronted by pre-hospital care pathways, the current obstacles and problems to pre-hospital teams and how these can be solved or approached.
Outline:
Statement of the Problem
Literature Review
Method (general only)
Summary and Conclusion
Personnel, Sampling, Timetable, Resources, Budget and Clearances for the Study
From the Paper
"Weiss also points to public education and media relations as further solutions and approaches to the problems confronted by pre-hospital care. She envisions that working together and educating the public about the emergency medical service system and its correct use, prevention of injury and recognition and correct response to medical emergencies would optimize the delivery of pre-hospital care. She also recommends the creation of an emergency-related website, which can feature emergency medical services and facilities. It can also disseminate first-aid information, access to the system and display helpful information and community resources for public information. The pre-hospital team may also evolve marketing and public relations strategies both in meeting its goals and solving current problems. For example, it may hold a news conference on safety on July 4 or gather young people to discuss violence and violence prevention, identification and action. An emergency medical team and hospital member may present videos on traumatic injury, complemented by the testimonials of survivors and military veterans. Other options are distributing emergency care cards to babysitters and young people for urgent times and the establishment of bicycle safety clinics at retail stores, bicycle shops, among emergency department personnel, police stations and where paramedics are stationed."
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Token Identity Theory, 2004.
This paper defines "token identity" theory and compares it to the theory of "dualism".
1,290 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper states that "identity theory" claims that each and every type of mental state corresponds directly to a physical state or occurrence within the brain; but "token identity" theory does not say that the tokens share any physical properties. The author declares that the theory of dualism claims that each mental token is entirely non-physical despite the fact that it appears to be connected to the body. The paper concludes that "identity theory" and materialism are more probable than "dualism".
From the Paper
"Now that the two opposing theories of identity theory and dualism have been defined, the various arguments for the theories can be examined. To begin with I will argue for identity theory, using an argument concerning our physical origins and evolutionary history. When a human being is conceived as a fertilized ovum, it begins life as a genetically programmed single-celled collection of molecules. The further it develops, the more molecules are added and the larger it becomes; as the cells divide over and over, the structure and amalgamation of each molecule that is added is controlled by information present in the DNA in the cell nucleus."
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Pre-Term Births, 2004.
Examines how pre-term births can be prevented by making the correct decisions during pregnancy.
2,825 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 58.95
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Abstract
The majority of low birth weight (LBW), pre-term births are preventable with the proper pre-natal care and wise decision making by the birth mother. The paper begins by describing the problems connected with pre-term births, including the high costs, retardation, developmental problems, etc. It then provides demographic statistics about pre-term birth rates in the United States. Finally, the paper proposes a program modeled on a mentoring system, which could be implemented by a local hospital in order to positively effect changes in the LBW among teens and minority families.
From the Paper
"Many individual programs have been designed and implemented by individual agencies, but if the at risk population is still not making use of these programs, there will be only small positive effects felt by the women in the highest need of help. In order to draw together the resources with the target community, any program must have a solid theoretical basis, and for this purpose, this proposal turns to the Health Belief Model (HBM). The HBM is a psychosocial model ( Rosenstock, 1990) which is designed to draw together the various resources while at the same time equipping the target population with the needed tools to take advantage of the resources."
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The Pre-Raphaelite Children of John Everett Millais, 2008.
A study of pre-Raphaelite children in John Everett Millais' paintings.
5,250 words (approx. 21.0 pages), 16 sources, MLA, £ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the representation of children in John Everett Millais' paintings. It presents and analyzes 33 paintings, completed from 1840 to 1896, the year of the painter's death. Photographs of some of the paintings are included in the text. The paper points out that Millais was one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (PRB), a group of English painters, poets, and critics. The paper attempts to demonstrate that the Pre-Raphaelitism of Millais is very particular in the sense that it uses the PRB's techniques, but concentrates on a subject that was not explored as extensively by the other artists of the Brotherhood, namely, children and childhood. The first part of the paper seeks to demonstrate that Millais strove to blend the aesthetics of the PRB with subject-matter that he felt was closer to the everyday popular concerns of the times. In addition, his reiteration of the Pre-Raphaelite preoccupations, techniques and devices has the lightness of manner and properties of a musical leitmotif, rather than the urgency and insistence of an unconditional engagement. Secondly, the paper concentrates on the cleavage between the representation of children in distress and children within the family unit, and briefly comments on the spirituality of the child according to Millais. Finally, the paper examines the portrayal of girls throughout Millais' career. The paper concludes that, thematically, children and childhood seem to define Millais best.
From the Paper
"The plot of The Rescue (1855) is mostly about protection and shelter, or rather, the lack of it. Millais plays with the colours and shades to create a general feeling of helplessness. The feeling of insecurity is heightened when we look at the figures of the three children trapped between the flames in the left-hand corner and the blackness and unhealthy mist of the London night in the right-hand corner of the painting. The figure of the fire-fighter as a temporary pillar of refuge echoes the blackness of the night outside, while the fragile whiteness of the figure of the mother is contrasted to the intense yellow-reddish flames, reflected on the face and feet of the boy. The painting stages a scene of distress and suggests future misery. Widely approved as celebrating "the bravery of the London Fire Brigade" (Adams 120), the painting contains the essence of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, which consists in a peculiar feeling of insecurity as to its real meaning. The spectator constantly hesitates between the two diverging interpretations. This is frequently due to the technical imperfections of many PRB paintings (a famous example is Lorenzo and Isabella but also Sir Isumbras at the Ford as we shall see further) but it has also become their special mark. It is difficult to say to what extent the instability generated is deliberate, especially in the case of Millais who was far from being a mediocre artist after all."
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Pre-Natal Screening and Eugenics, 2002.
An overview of eugenics and debate on the potential of pre-natal screening as a new form of eugenics.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper is on the historically based opinions on "is pre-natal screening a new eugenics?" It includes the pros and cons, and composes a position piece. It also defines eugenics, describes the reality and the potential of pre-natal screening, and an opinion on whether this does or could constitute eugenics. It also has the references from Ruth Schwartz Cowan on pre-natal screening, and Garland Allen on the new eugenics.
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The Stagnant Pre-Modern Economies of East Asia, 2002.
A discussion of how the pre-modern societies of East Asia were considered isolated and stagnant focusing on China and Japan.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This essay will assume the position that the pre-modern societies of East Asia were isolated and stagnant. It is recognized that this argument is controversial, and dependent upon certain geographical and social assumptions. "isolation" and "stagnation" are relative concepts. It will be seen that two of the main economies of the region - that of China and Japan - possessed flourishing domestic economies and some degree of trade with other economies in the region. However, given the inescapable fact that European colonial powers in this era came to dominate Asia, first economically and then politically, a balanced view of the pre-modern economic history of the region must explain why this came to pass. Key to this explanation is a recognition that, in comparison to the nations of the West, the pre-modern economies of China and Japan were stagnant and isolated.
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The Pre-Raphaelite Sisterhood, 2005.
Examines how women represented women in art by reflecting on six paintings from the pre-Raphaelite period.
7,242 words (approx. 29.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on six female painters from the pre-Raphaelite movement. The purpose of the paper is to show how some of the less popular painters of the movement proceeded in order to represent the ideal of the pre-Raphaelite woman. The painters discussed are Sophie Anderson, Eleanor Fortescue Brickdale, Lucy Madox Brown, Anne Louise Swynnerton, Evelyn de Morgan and Kate Elizabeth Bunce.
Paper Outline:
Sophie Anderson and Eleanor Fortescue Brickdale: of Children and Virgins
Lucy Madox Brown and Anne Louise Swynnerton: the Woman Rebel
Evelyn de Morgan and Kate Elizabeth Bunce: Woman as Myth
Bibliography
From the Paper
"A considerable number of women were active in every phase of the Pre-Raphaelite movement. Some, as was the case for Elizabeth Siddal and Lucy Madox Brown, incorporated the ideas of their husbands and fathers into their own art. Others were deeply influenced by the freshness of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, by the resourceful, pious and naturalistic vision of its members and followers. At the same time, the condition of Victorian women was more than ambiguous - women had no right to vote but could open their own commerce, were published and read, and their daughters would soon know Margaret Fuller."
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Pre-Contractual Misrepresentation, 2002.
A look at the laws of pre-contractual misrepresentation.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and analyzes pre-contractual misrepresentation, and notes that there is little choice in available remedy for the innocent recipient of a pre-contractual misrepresentation unless negligence or fraud are involved.
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Pre-Employment Drug Testing, 2004.
Explores the issue of pre-employment drug testing in the public sector
and how the Supreme Court has ruled it acceptable.
2,908 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper examines several district court rulings on the issue of pre-employment drug testing in the public sector. An explanation and an analysis of arguments both opposed and in favor of this practice is also provided. Finally, the Supreme Court responses to the district court rulings are discussed, as well as the reasons that the Supreme Court has found that pre-employment drug testing is not in conflict with the Fourth Amendment.
From the Paper
"While the Supreme Court had suggested that the existence of other intrusions to the privacy of tested individuals might weigh in favor of the validity of drug testing, the district court in Willner, suggested that those intrusions may also cut against the government?s need for such testing."
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War in Pre-state and State Societies, 2000.
This paper compares the frequency and severity of war in pre-state and state societies.
2,140 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 25 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
Violent conflict is well documented in human history and certainly appears in many prehistorical finds. The writer provides a systematic and comparative study of warfare from an archaeological perspective. This paper shows that the frequency and severity of war is commensurate and indeed rises with increased complexity of social interactions.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Definition of War
Pre-state and State Societies
Civilization
Prehistoric War
Hebrews: Pre-Monarchy
Hebrew Monarchy
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Has the frequency and severity of warfare increased? More specifically, have these levels escalated compared to pre-state societies and societies of state? Firstly, in answering this question a definition of war is proposed, followed by a classification of societies, and a definition of the term 'civilization'. Secondly, details of prestate Hebrew society and their early state civilization will be contrasted. Finally, the contemporary Assyrian state that ultimately dominated the Hebrews is reviewed. In this assessment the essay draws on various historical and archaeological accounts that portray the increased frequency and severity of war."
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