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The Texas Constitutions: An Overview, 2006.
This paper reviews the events that led to the creating of four specific constitutions as well as providing a brief overview of the history of constitution making in Texas.
906 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how in the early 1830s, as Mexico became entrenched in its own civil war, ideas began forming for new laws and independence for the state of Texas. This paper contains dates and pertinent facts regarding the annexation and the drafting of Texas' first U.S. state constitution as well as explaining how through its long legacy of settlement, Texas became a land that fought forces battling for its soil and resulted in a state that was known for adopting new forms of government.
From the Paper
"In the early 1830s, as Mexico became entrenched in its own civil war, ideas began forming for new legislation and independence for the state of Texas. Representatives Stephen Austin and Sam Houston were the most prominent lobbyists to the Mexican government for these rights. As the 1830's progressed, however, revolutionary sentiment began brewing throughout Texas as Santa Anna continued to ignore their requests and began to transform the government into an open dictatorship. By mid-1835, Texans had had the last straw. In a bloody battle in San Antonio, which ended in Mexican defeat, the revolution began. It would result in the famous showdown at the Alamo, in which 183 Texans were killed, and further spark their desire for independence."
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The Texas Constitution, 2007.
This paper examines the Texas Constitution, formed in 1876.
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper offers a brief description of why the Texas Constitution of 1876 was enacted. The paper discusses the characteristics and outline of the Constitution, as well as the concepts of popular sovereignty, compact theory, limited government and separation of powers. The paper discusses how critics consider it unwieldy and restrictive and have made several unsuccessful attempts to replace it, yet the document continues to survive.
Outline:
Why the Constitution of 1876 was Enacted
Characteristics & Outline of the Constitution of 1876
The Major Concepts
From the Paper
"Texas joined the United States in 1845, following which a new Constitution was drafted that lasted until Texas seceded from the Union in 1861 at the start of the Civil War and adopted a new Constitution which prohibited the freeing of slaves besides requiring the State officials to take a pledge of loyalty to the Confederacy (Dye, 322). After the defeat of the Confederacy in the Civil War, the State adopted a new Constitution in 1866, which abolished slavery and repudiated the right of secession. However, "Radical Reconstructionists" in Washington pressured the Texans to adopt a more activist Constitution that reflected the ideals of the newly dominant Republican Party--to enfranchise blacks and to follow an activist social agenda."
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Texas - A Good Constitution?, 2006.
An analysis of the the Constitution of Texas and how it compares to other state constitutions.
2,791 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Constitution of Texas. The paper also discusses the factors that influenced the creation of the Texan Constitution and points out that it both differs and resembles other state constitutions. The paper then attempts, through a close examination of the Texan Constitution, to determine whether those differences are positive or negative.
From the Paper
"But why these major attempts to re-write the current Constitution? As described in brief, the governor of the State of Texas is one of the least powerful of all American state governors. The strict limitations placed on the exercise of gubernatorial power means that there is no single, strong hand that directs the state administration. Power is divided among the governor and other elected officials, creating the unusual situation of a plural executive. The State is like a ship with several captains, each vying for control, each attempting to set the course of the vessel. It is easy for these officials to agree only on the most basic and straightforward of ideas and policies. The dividing up of the executive limits the chances that any one official will assuming absolute control, but it also works against any dramatic change - no matter how sorely needed. In effect, the entire Texas executive is an assembly; an assembly without any clear leader."
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Constitution of Texas, 2002.
A discussion of the flaws in the Constitution for the State of Texas and a comparison with neighboring states.
1,416 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how there is a never-ending debate over which amendments of the constitution of Texas need revision, either partly or completely. It looks at how the constitution of Texas was adopted in 1876 and since then has been revised 377 times and how because of this, in many ways it is considered ridiculous, outdated and often proves to be trivial and sometimes unworkable. It discusses how the constitution of Texas is basically far longer than any other constitution of the United States and contains huge unnecessary details and since it has been revised so many times, contains sections that are now meaningless. It analyzes how the continual change in the constitution only indicates the failure of the state to implement laws that are more realistic.
From the Paper
"Alabama, Colorado and Texas are all affected by this amendment which has undergone frequent revisions because the citizens of the states are not happy with the changes and fear the affect it would have on the state on a long-term basis. Many oppose the amendment of Section 49 of Article III, because they fear it will destroy the smaller units of the government, stop highway expansion and will make the state go into heavy debts since it might be unable to backfill the revenues lost to the local government bodies. Some also believe that it will cause the service districts, local governments and the date governments to fail since the state cannot spend more than 6% annually. This makes continuous backfilling impossible. The complete effect of this amendment in all three states will be disastrous because they will not be able to spend money on any of the services required by their constituency."
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The U.S. in Texas: U.S. Support of the Texas Revolution, 2000.
Discussion of the many political and social reasons the U.S. entered the battle for independence and eventual statehood in Texas.
1,260 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 7 sources, £ 29.95
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From the Paper
"Texas has added many economic, political and strategic advantages to the United States. But Texas was not acquired by the simple task of colonization and claim; Texas was fought for and won from the Spanish Empire by the people of these United States. They did not enter this conflict without reason or resolution; they entered this battle for independence and eventual statehood for many political and social reasons. First, the already great abundance of United States immigrants in the Spanish State of Texas, or Tejas, at the time of the revolution aided in the approval in action by the U.S. Secondly, the comparisons of the citizens of Texas predicament to the United States? own revolution also aided in the agreement on U.S. initiative. Finally, the American dislike of the Spanish Empire and its wish to dissolve its influence in North America aided as well in American entrance into the affairs of the Texas Revolution."
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The Culture of Texas, 5200.
This paper discusses the influence of German descendants living in Texas on the culture of Texas.
3,430 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although the German culture is not the only culture which has influenced the Texas of today, it is often considered one of the most significant influences historically as seem in the architectural landscape of the towns and cities, the art and music, Oktoberfest and the food of Texas. The author points out that the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston Texas is one example of the 19th century German art style in Texas and, in the southern and central parts of the state including in regions, such as Hill country and Medina County, there are many vernacular dwellings and churches fashioned in the style of traditional German homesteads. The paper relates that the influence of Germany on Texas culture is seen in the use of the accordion in Texan music and the popularity of the polka, which is largely German influenced.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Overview/History
Modern German Influence
Texas Art
Texas Architecture
Texas Music
Texas Culture/Ethnicity
Texas Philosophy
Historical Literature/Historiographical Literature
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Many Germans in fact began arriving in Texas during 1848 when German Revolutions plagued Europe, and a majority of these early settlers formed close communal towns within the state. They looked forward to the opportunity of peace and a new life filled with opportunity and promise. The reasons that German immigrants flocked to the United States are not much different from the reasons many other settlers came to this country. They were looking for a better life for themselves and their families. In the process of immigrating and settling large parcels of formerly uninhabited land, they began to develop roots and inspire traditions that have become deeply ingrained in the culture of Texas today."
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Recidivism and the Texas Criminal Justice System, 2002.
This paper examines whether the Texas prison education system reduces recidivism in Texas state prisons.
4,012 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 75.95
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Abstract
The focus of this study is on the Texas state prisons and the education system in the State prisons. Before analyzing the effects of the Texas education system on recidivism in Texas, the paper provides a general overview of the Texas criminal justice system and the general theories of rehabilitation. Furthermore, there is a discussion of the theory of education as a way of reducing recidivism. The paper investigates whether the Texas prison education system works in reducing recidivism. The case study of the Project RIO that is initiated by the State government which illustrates the fact that education system has to be combined with other strategies in order for the rate of recidivism to decline.
From the Paper
"Although studies in the ?70s have shown that correctional higher education is significant in reducing recidivism rates, the public outcry against crime and opportunities given to inmates has resulted in a reversal of the educational approach towards inmates in the ?90s. In the early ?90s, elected representatives started to forbid federal tuition assistance to inmates. In the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, there was a provision that denied all prisoners access to federal Pell Grants. Essentially, the provision was included to deter prisoners from viewing prisons as relaxing places that offered educational opportunities (The Center on Crime, Communities & Culture, 1997)."
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The Texas Rangers, 205.
This paper presents a detailed history of the Texas Rangers, which for one hundred and seventy seven years has almost continually protected the residents of the state of Texas.
3,610 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that, in 1823, Stephen F. Austin, realizing a vital need to protect the people of Texas, organized a group of men, which would become the Texas Rangers, to "range" the frontier and guard against hostile Indians. The author points out that, in their earliest beginnings, the Rangers had only single shot pistols and rifles; therefore, they readily accepted the Colt .36 caliber five-shot revolver, which gave the Rangers deadly precision in defense of the Texas frontier. The paper relates that one of the most famous Texas Ranger was Captain Leander H. McNelly, who organized the "McNelly's Rangers" and was a man whose iron will and daring courage set the standard by which future Texas Rangers would be measured.
From the Paper
"Captain John H. Rogers spent a better part of his career chasing the Conners, a gang of murderers and outlaws who had defied the civil authorities and in fact the whole country. These desperate men were the old man Conner and his three sons, Fred, William and John. The Conners were routinely joined by whatever criminal might be hiding out from the law. The Conners were incredible shots and lived almost like Indians in the forests of Sabine County. Rogers and his Rangers spent many years tracking down the Conners but were never able to find the notorious gang."
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Constitutions are Blueprints, 2002.
A look at the principle behind constitutions using examples from both British and American constitutions.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a discussion about the nature and purpose of constitutions. Using the British and United States constitutions the author of this paper uses examples to illustrate the meaning, purpose and nature of constitutions in general.
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History of the Texas Range Cattle, 2006.
An historical look at the Texas range cattle and cattle ranching.
6,104 words (approx. 24.4 pages), 25 sources, APA, £ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a history of the Texas Longhorn breed of cattle and the cattle ranching industry in Texas. The paper discusses the origins of the Texas Longhorn, explains why this particular breed thrived so well in Texas and looks at the history of cattle ranching in Texas, explaining that it was Texas's production of beef for the Confederacy that started the industry in the first place. The paper also describes the more famous trails used to herd cattle, the round-up that took place before driving the cattle across the trails and life on the range. Additionally, the paper discusses the impact of the cattle trade on the American economy and examines the cattle industry in America today.
Table of Contents
Arrival of Cattle in the Americas
Cattle Trade
Impacts of the Cattle Trade
Cattle Industry in America Today
From the Paper
"In Texas, the climate conditions and the range conditions were ideal for the raising of cattle, and perhaps this was why Texas became so very good in cattle rearing and farming. In addition, there was a liberal land system in Texas at the time, and this made it easy to acquire land, which everyone did. Soon, small acreage owners began to let their cattle graze on unoccupied lands, and others who had invested most of their money in cattle, came to depend on the open ranges for pastures. Even though some cattle were used to feed the soldiers of the Confederate Troops at that time, for the most part, the cattle were all left alone, and they grew in numbers as well as in size, and according to estimates, there were about five million longhorns at the end of the Civil War. The Longhorns in fact had long legs, and lanky bodies, that seemed to have been designed for speed, and because of the fact that for centuries these cattle had been allowed to run wild, they had developed into creatures that could withstand droughts and blizzards and other adversities with ease. In addition, they did not need much water to survive, and they had strong horizontal horns that could attack when provoked."
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The U.S. and German Constitutions, 2003.
A comprehensive look at the similarities and differences between United States and German constitutions.
2,485 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the United States Constitution with the German Constitution that was adopted in 1949. The paper discusses the historical background of the German constitution, that being one in which the victorious Allies essentially saw that the ideals of democracy and freedom were to be installed into law so that there would be no repeat of political groups circumventing the law to meet their own desires. The paper first discusses the variety of other constitutions that existed in Germany before World War II and the main points behind them. The cultural pride of Germany tended to be the focal point of these legal documents, so the 1949 constitution that was written for Germany sought to incorporate the peaceful cultural tendencies of the German people while at the same time promoting a United States-like democracy in the country. The second part of the paper cites both documents frequently and shows that there are key differences between both constitutions. It is also touched upon that the original German constitution was only adopted by West Germany prior to the collapse of communism in the late 1980s, and there is a brief description of how East Germany functioned before reunification.
From the Paper
"The most notable similarities between the two constitutions are the predominant emphasis on basic human rights and freedoms of the people. The German constitution's first five articles all revolve around the concept of liberty and justice. Article 4 of the German constitution reads, "Freedom of creed, of conscience and freedom to profess a religious or non-religious faith are inviolable". This is directly a reflection of The American Constitution's Amendment One, in which it claims that all citizens have the right to freedom of religion. These human rights from the American constitution were adopted readily by the German public, and the two constitutions share the ideas of human dignity, liberty, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly, freedom of movement, the inviolable of the home, and rights of property. "
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Texas v. White, 2002.
Summary of the legal suit brought to the United States Supreme Court by the state of Texas regarding the sale of Civil War bonds.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 2 sources, £ 80.95
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Abstract
The case was Texas v. White. The state of Texas brought suit in the United States Supreme Court to have certain United States government bonds declared the property of the state, and to prevent the present holders of the bonds from collecting upon them. Texas had owned the bonds before the Civil War. As a means of financing during the war, while Texas was a member of the Confederacy, the bonds were sold. Texas now claimed that the sale was void and the bonds still belonged to the state.
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Violence in Texas Schools, 1999.
Examines causes & effects of juvenile violence in the nation & Texas, focusing on creation, provisions, enforcement & assessment of the Texas Safe Schools Act of 1995.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 14 sources, £ 66.95
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From the Paper
"CONTROLLING VIOLENCE AND DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR IN TEXAS SCHOOLS: A POLICY ANALYSIS OF THE TEXAS SAFE SCHOOLS ACT OF 1995
Introduction
This research examines the issue of controlling violence and disruptive behavior by students in Texas Schools. The focus of this examination is the Texas Safe Schools Act of 1995.
Criminal anti-social behavior on the part of youth in the in the 1990s is shockingly high and increasing in frequency. Persons under the age of 18 years old are responsible for approximately 32 percent of serious property crimes which are cleared by arrest and for approximately 17 percent of violent crimes cleared by arrest. In the instance of serious crime committed by young offenders, the types of crimes and the characteristics of the individuals committing the offenses are.."
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Comparison of Nevada and U.S. Constitutions, 2005.
State constitutions tend to show deviation from the structure of federal rule maintained by the U. S. Constitution. In the case of the Nevada State Co...
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
The paper explains how state constitutions tend to show deviation from the structure of federal rule maintained by the U. S. Constitution. The paper describes how, in the case of the Nevada State Constitution, there is ample evidence that this document sets forth a policy of law that is far more democratic in tone and in application than the constitution. The paper further discusses how there are strong similarities between the two documents, both, for example, stress the rights of the citizenry and even focus on issues such as the right to assemble and a citizen's ability to refuse to quarter other citizens in their homes upon order from the government.
From the Paper
"It is generally understood that the United States is built upon the principles of democracy, in which the majority consensus of the citizens helps to define the shape of issues or elections. However, in assuming that the Constitution - the document upon which such practices are founded - is inherently democratic is only partially accurate. Indeed, it has been frequently argued that the U. S. Constitution is representative of the rule of law from a federation as opposed to a pure democracy; in a federation, elections occur among the majority of the citizenry but this process results in elected officials who then determine the direction of the country. In short, a federation transforms a democracy from the rule of the many back into the rule of the few, with the "few" in this sense being the elected officials selected through an elections process."
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