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"A Passage to India" and "Season of Migration to the North", 2006. A philosophical look at E.M. Forster's " Passage to India and Tayeb Salih's, " Season of Migration to the North". 8,063 words (approx. 32.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, £ 122.95 »
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Abstract In this comparative study of E.M. Forster's "Passage to India" and Tayeb Salih's "Season of Migration to the North" the author looks at the similarities in both books that give unmediated experience as a partial solution to the political conflicts of the colonial and post-colonial eras. He looks at how both books present experiences freed from the constraints of place, time, circumstance and individual motivation. He sees this by placing their characters (briefly) outside of representation, through mystical transcendence. The author then proceeds in detail to examine the messages he believes both books are trying to give and relates each of these messages to the characters and locations of the book. For example, in "Passage to India" he spends some time looking at the towns mentioned and the Hindu religion practiced and how it affects the community and characters in the book. The author examines every chapter of each book and uses other texts to explain and justify his belief that there is transcendence and empathy in both books.
From the Paper "The refusal here to allow the imagination to go beyond its usual restraints is an important British problem in the novel. While dissatisfied with the quotidian structures of belief and reason they have practised throughout their lives, they are still limited by them in their attempt to go beyond them. There is a great fear of the unknown, and the infinite - which is in principle unknowable - is the most fearful thing of all to minds that need strict systems upon which to base their processes of meaning generation. The English rely on their reason and familiar systems of thought to make sense of the world. Their problem, I posit, is one of scope, as Hans Gadamer states in Truth and Method: "A person who has no horizon does not see far enough and hence overvalues what is nearest him" (302). When posed with notions that precede and transcend their own systems, the English are left reeling, and retreat when possible to the safety of their own worlds."
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Tayeb Salih's "Season of Migration to the North", 2001. This paper examines cultural misconception, reverse colonization and identity affirmation in regards to the Arab World with Tayeb Salih's "Season of Migration to the North". 4,790 words (approx. 19.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 86.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines the Arab world as it appears in Tayeb Salih's "Season of Migration to the North". The Arab World and its people share a long and harrowing history that has been marked by oppression, war, and foreign intervention and domination. The paper describes historical processes within the Arab world such as European colonization that led to interaction between the Eastern culture and the Western culture. "Season of Migration to the North" is a story about a Sudany who lives in England. This path of cultural exchange, along with the effects that this interaction produced, also symbolizes the central theme of the story.
From the Paper "According to the descendants of Daniel Webster, the term society can be broadly defined as either people in general or a community. Modern sociologists as well as contemporary historians, however, might refute this definition with the argument that it is too simplistic or elementary to adequately express the complicated network represented by this term. Individual society or society in general, they might argue, is a complex concept involving an interlocking framework structured by a wide variety of changing elements and influences. A framework, they might add, that we as humans shape as it simultaneously shapes us as humans."
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"Season of Migration to the North", 2008. A review of the book "Season of Migration to the North" by Tayeb Salih. 1,173 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 28.95 »
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Abstract The paper describes how Tayeb Salih in "Season of Migration to the North" uses both sacrificial and redemptive violence in his graphic depictions in his novel. The paper explains that the redemptive nature applies symbolically to the vanquishing of tradition and culture that mistreated and repressed members of society. The paper further explains that the sacrificial nature of the violence is those that died, with the hope that the living would ensure that their culture move on from the harmful and repressive traditions of the past.
From the Paper "The sacrificial hero gives his life violently so that others may live, in stories of redemption, often the villain meets a violent death at the hands of the hero. In Tayeb Salih's Season of Migration to the North, there are several instances of violent ends, yet through this meandering story the true sacrificial or redemptive nature of these deaths are as intertwined as the fates of the characters to the end of British Colonialism in Africa. The story takes place in the early part of the twentieth century as the British Empire begins to fade away from its Victorian Glory. At the story's climax, the nameless narrator is pondering the events of his life and that of his dead friend Mustafa in a room that is the "cave of wonders" of Mustafa's life, all of the treasures gathered from a life ill spent (Salih 134)."
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"Season of Migration" and "The Stranger", 2007. A comparative analysis of Tayeb Salih's "Season of Migration to the North" and Albert Camus' "The Stranger". 1,274 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 30.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines Tayeb Salih's narrator in "Season of Migration to the North" and Albert Camus' Mersault in "The Stranger" and, in particular, their growth experiences by means of facing death. The paper relates that the narrator in Tayeb Salih's "Season of Migration to the North", voyages as far as England, never standing still, in an attempt to flee from facing himself. Only when he is standing toe-to-toe with death, does he begin to appreciate the gift of life and make a decision in its favor. The paper then compares the narrator's behavior to that of the character of Mersault in Camus' "The Stranger", in which he refuses to move in any direction to ensure his own safety. Yet, when he eventually accepts his terminal verdict he then chooses to live deliberately. The paper concludes that both the protagonists' confrontations with death serves as a window for both characters to transcend their fear and see themselves more positively.
From the Paper "Both Salih and Camus indicate that the irrational fear of missing out causes equally irrational responses in those who suffer from it. Salih illustrates this pattern through his mountain allegory. "My sole concern was to reach London, another mountain, larger than Cairo, where I knew not how many nights I would stay," (26) says Mustafa exhibiting his urge to climb yet a higher mountain. His undirected greed aims at the future, because there he sees the potential of surpassing what he has already won. Regardless of any losses, he wreaks havoc amongst the British women for just the same reason: to live it all. "
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"Kim" and "A Passage to India", 2004. Compares the book, "Kim", by Rudyard Kipling, to E.M. Forster's "A Passage to India". 2,327 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 50.95 »
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Abstract Forster?s "A Passage to India" and Kipling?s "Kim" have often been viewed as literary works that are in opposition to each other, since the former has been construed as a critique of British imperialism in India, whereas the latter has been seen as pro-imperialism. Indeed, this scholarly opinion seems to dominate critical analysis of British colonial literature on India, leading to a wide body of work that highlights the striking contrast between Forster?s and Kipling?s portrayal of the British Raj in India. One outcome of this scholarly tradition is that very little attempt has been made to analyze the similarities, if any, between the two works. As a result, there is one very marked commonality between the two works that has tended to be overlooked, which is the theme of social identity. Therefore, this paper highlights and discusses the fact that both "A Passage to India" and "Kim" serve as a commentary on the importance of the role played by social and cultural identity in creating and perpetuating the divide between nations and races.
From the Paper "Kipling, in fact, achieves his purpose through positing the premise that the only way to bridge the divide between nations and races is through the intermingling of social and cultural values. Whereas, as evidenced by the earlier discussion, Forster?s approach was to highlight the social and cultural differences that prevented the formation of friendships between the British and the Indians. Of course, several critics have interpreted Kipling?s Kim as a novel that demonstrates the importance of knowing India and its customs in order to rule it (Hubel, p. 87), thereby further supporting the view of Kipling as a pro-imperialism author. The fact, however, remains that there is enough scope to equally interpret Kim as a story that shows the path to becoming a ?friend of all the world.?"
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"Passage to India", 2007. An analysis of Walt Whitman's references to technology and the soul in "Passage to India." 1,394 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 32.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses Walt Whitman's "Passage to India." It particularly considers his references to technology and the soul. The paper suggests that "Passage to India" seems to be calling out to the common man, encouraging him to embrace the modern world, but to remember the capabilities of the poetic soul. The paper discusses how Whitman presents these themes.
From the Paper "Ultimately, Whitman clearly states that the soul will not suffer from man's intellectual restlessness. Instead it will soar to new heights on the rising tide of technology, and use these advances to reach even further than it ever has before. But even so, the reach of poetry and the soul is far beyond anything that man can make or design since it has the capability to reach into the ancient past as well as into the future. Even if time machines were finally invented, they would still not compare to the ability of the soul to understand its own existence, and to make connections with the past and with other souls. The poet's ability to connect with God and to explore all the recesses of man's existence is where the soul's true potential lay, not with the advance of machinery and technology. Though Whitman does accept and appreciate technology "I welcome, and fully, the same as the rest;/ You too with joy I sing" (28-29), he feels that the soul is the real past, present, and future of mankind."
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E. M. Forster's "Passage to India", 2008. Discusses the colonial strife in India as presented in E. M. Forster's novel "Passage to India". 1,580 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 36.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that situations of racial and ethnic strife occurred long before the British colonization of India; however, the British presence created a worsened landscape. The paper relates that this stark realization of racism is played out in E. M. Forster's novel "Passage to India", especially within the symbolism of the Marabar Caves, which is the orient to the usurpers. The author points out that the trial of protagonist Aziz is an example of how such mystery feeds the minds of a fearful population, both native and white.
From the Paper "The foundations of the strife between the characters and the community in stark realization, during the only time in the novel when the "truth" is allowed to be heard is still evident, as many probably walked away from the incident and the trial with a clear sense of the mystery that surrounds the caves. No one is allowed to discover the whole truth, as to whom if anyone really attacked the white woman, or if it was simply the fear of the surroundings that rebuffed the young girl."
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A Passage to India, 2006. A review of the novel "A Passage to India" by E. M. Forester. 1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 32.95 »
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Abstract This paper studies the E.M. Forester novel "A Passage to India," paying particular attention to the rich Orientalism in the work. The paper begins with a detailed plot synopsis, and then examines the novel's various conflicts -- such as the tension between Indians and Anglos. The main themes the paper examines are the fear of differences and the search for happiness, peace and love. The paper relates frequently to the text, using quoted passages to underscore its points.
From the Paper "Living in a state of oppression - being considered the subordinate race - has an effect on Aziz' interactions with everyone. He laces his words with sarcasm, chooses them carefully and immediately analyzes them. But the curious part is that the British characters like Miss Quested, Mrs. Moore, Cyril Fielding and others, do the same thing - desiring to treat Indians fairly one minute, then revealing (through thoughts, words or deeds) their elitism and condescension the next.
As for Miss Quested, she accepted everything Aziz said as true verbally. In her ignorance, she regarded him as "India," and never surmised that his outlook was limited and his method inaccurate, and that no one is India."
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"A Passage To India", 2004. An analysis of the effect of setting on the structure and tone of E.M. Forster's "A Passage To India". 1,314 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 31.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines how the physical, social, and chronological settings of E.M. Forster?s "A Passage To India" are vitally important to the structure and tone of this story. It looks at how the themes are artfully constructed through setting in early 20th-century India, where conflict inevitably arises between the Indian natives and the colonization-hungry British. Some background to each of the novel's three parts is given, and crucial settings are illustrated, along with their relevance to the central themes of this novel, namely, whether the imprisoned can be friends with their captors.
From the Paper "The novel is sectioned into three parts, each centering around a particular setting or location. The Mosque takes place in the city of Chandrapore, which was occupied by both the British and the native Indians; The Caves centers around the Marabar Caves, the site of Adela?s supposed rape; and The Temple is set among the Hindu peoples during a religious festival, emphasizing again the contrast between these cultures. The sections of this novel can also be said to represent the three main seasons of India: respectively cold, hot, and rainy. The vast differences between each of these sections only emphasize the contrast of the seasons and the highlighted locations, once again underlining the importance of setting to this novel."
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"A Passage to India", 2004. Compares the book, "A Passage to India" by E.M. Forster, and the movie version, directed by David Lean. 776 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 19.95 »
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Abstract "A Passage to India"by E.M. Forster and the movie based on it, written and directed by David Lean, share themes and plot elements, but are vastly different. This paper explains that the sixty years between the two show a different emphasis on the colonial experience of the British in India and the relationships of the peoples from both societies. Forster was concerned with the political realities of the colonial Raj in India, and Lean was more interested in the personal relationships of the characters only.
From the Paper "Lean's version did make fun of the stuffy, arrogant English colonialists, but he softened Forster's political and psychological criticism, thereby throwing away almost all of the novel's philosophical complexity (Crowdus). Indeed, Lean's movie version was primarily spectacle. Shot on location, it was more concerned with pomp and the trappings of the immorality of colonialism and imperial pretensions than it did with the underlying political and human dilemmas (Young). He changed the focus from a political story to one of personalities."
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"A Passage to India", 2006. A review of the book, "A Passage to India" by E.M. Foster. 2,344 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 51.95 »
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Abstract This paper takes a look at E.M. Foster's book, "A Passage to India". According to the paper, the British occupation of India was the showcase of modern imperialism and the conflicts that result when two such cultures clash. The paper further discusses how this book provides the reader with a holistic picture of how Muslims and Indians lived under British rule.
From the Paper "The loyalist mentality was especially strong in the historical context of British rule among Muslims and Indians. Throughout the early 20th century, the Indian empire was primarily ruled by a small class of British citizens and the majority was Indian governors. However, these Indian magistrates went through the British school system, many of them raised in primarily British areas or in England itself. As a result, the subjugation of the population occurred not through the dichotomy of British vs. Indians, but an internal struggle. In analyzing the British strategy for colonialism, this is one of the principle devices used to stave off revolution and rebellion. Precisely because the front of governance rests within the native population, internal conflict rather than external conflict is the focus within India in the early 20th century. The conflict between loyalists and revolutionists ensured that the country as a whole was split as to which path to pursue. The inevitable result is inaction. "
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"A Passage to India", 2002. Examines the contrast between Indian and British thought in E.M. Forester's "A Passage to India". 2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, £ 62.95 »
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Abstract This paper shall explore the novel "A Passage to India" by E.M. Forester. An emphasis shall be given to the significance of the Marabar Caves and the inability of British people to comprehend the significance of Indian thought.
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Sexuality in "A Passage to India", 2008. A look at how E.M. Forster's book, "A Passage to India", demonstrates how sexuality influences relationships and situations in society. 1,039 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 25.95 »
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Abstract The paper is an examination of the meaning of sexuality, the mystery that surrounds it in behavioral situations and the type of people involved, as ascribed to the characters in E.M. Forster's book, "A Passage to India". The tender subject of inter race relations with respect to sexuality is also clearly demonstrated in this review.
From the Paper "Aziz also manages to develop a casual platonic friendship with one of the main female characters, Adela, because he finds her not only sexually unattractive but even plain and ugly. A telling scene is one between Aziz and protagonist Fielding, who discuss whether they are attracted to Adela. Aziz rejects her soundly based on her physical plainness, whereas Fielding dislikes her priggish intellectual interest in India. (Aziz is sexually motivated; Fielding is not.) Aziz moreover feels he can talk to Adela as a man - not a common attitude of men towards women at the turn of the last century, but one Aziz employs because of his tendency to equate femininity with sexuality and beauty. However, Aziz is not socially insensible, and he realizes that a proposed visit to Marabar Caves with Adela would be problematic, he being widowed and she being engaged. This attention to social mores indicates how sexually frigid people were in the early 1900s, regardless of race. A man and a woman who are not married should not be seen walking together in public; social mores are so strong on this matter that even Aziz, who can barely see Adela as a sexual object, realizes this. "
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"A Passage to India", 2001. Analysis of Director David Lean's 1984 cinematic adaptation of E.M. Forster's novel of British Imperialism. Dramatic structure of film, characters, theme, Lean's directorial techniques and devices. 2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, £ 56.95 »
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From the Paper "The film A Passage to India (David Lean, 1984) is a dramatized version of the well-known novel by E.M. Forster, a novel that is considered mysterious in part because it hinges on something secret that happens in the Marabar Caves and that is never explained. The film version also does not explain this event but uses it in the same mysterious way. In unfolding the story of two British women visiting India, director-screenwriter David Lean addresses issues such as the evils of colonialism, the nature of British imperialism, the sexual repression of the era, racial tensions, and misuses of the law.
The story tells of two women, Adela Quested and her companion, Mrs. Moore. They visit the town of Chandrapore with the intent of escaping from the British vision of India in order to find the real country and the real people. Mrs. Moore has her..."
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