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Nursing Theories, 2002.
An overview of two nursing theories - the Levine Theory and the Erickson, Tomlin and Swain Theory.
932 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper first provides an overview of two theories relating to nursing. The Levine Theory is a conceptual model, with the focus on every nurse-patient interaction being a unique situation to be resolved in an individualized fashion. On the other hand, the paper shows that the Erickson, Tomlin and Swain Theory (also known as Modeling and Role-Modeling), focuses on the person receiving the nursing care rather than on the nurse, the care or the disease. The paper compares and contrasts the two theories in a clinical situation and finally proposes two research questions relating to the theories.
From the Paper
"Nursing is defined as holistic helping of self-care, which includes nurturance and unconditional acceptance. People are viewed as different in their uniqueness and alike in their needs for growth and affiliated-individuation. Nursing is viewed as a facilitator to help the person identify, develop, and use their strengths. For this theory, the word client, one who is involved in their own care, is used rather than the word patient, one who is given treatment. Health is optimal states of physical, mental, and social well-being rather than absence of disease only."
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Nursing Theories, 2005.
This paper examines the nursing theories of Benner and Watson regarding elderly patients.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 9 sources, £ 55.95
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Abstract
The assignment offers an in depth review of two theories of nursing and the applicability to nursing the elderly. The paper examines each theory as to the content, theory and applicability to nursing the elderly. The paper applies an extension with respect to applying the two theories to a real life situation. The paper explains that the situation involved a personal encounter with a stroke victim.
From the Paper
"The nursing profession, since the time of Florence Nightingale, has undergone significant change. No longer are nurses simply an extensive of the physician. Today nurses are, in their own right, important caregivers with respect to patient wellness. One of the most important factors promoting the importance of nursing in terms of patient wellness has been the development of favorable theories and educational programs supporting the nurse as an integral part of the patient's wellness program. Although it is of strategic interest to implement initiatives that support professional nursing practice, it is very challenging in the current cost-constrained healthcare environment to maintain professional nursing practice (Ritter-Teitel, 2002)."
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Nursing Theories, 2004.
A look at a nursing theory, the Pender Health Promotion Model, and how it could be applied to stop smoking addictions.
1,356 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at a nursing theory, the Pender Health
Promotion Model, and applies it to a theoretical situation.
It looks at how the model can be used in a program to help people stop smoking. The paper looks at the positive and negative aspects of the theory.
From the Paper
"The setting for the current program is a rural community in which many of the constituents smoke. The program is designed to address the issue of smoking as an avoidable cause of illness and encourage members of the community to cease the practice. One of the goals of Healthy People is to increase the percentage of primary healthcare workers who routinely advise patients to stop smoking . The Surgeon General of the United States has said that the use of tobacco is the single largest preventable..."
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Nursing Theory, 2008.
This paper discusses nursing theory, specifically in regards to self-care facilitated by Dorothy Orem's model and the mid-range theory of the community health model.
1,987 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of nursing theory as not simply a philosophical abstraction, but as also useful for the demands for "description, explanation, prediction and control" during nursing work and study. Having a background in nursing theories can prove helpful because theories give clues as to what to ask, what to observe, what to focus on and what to think about when a nurse is under pressure or dealing with a noncompliant patient. The paper asserts that even grand theories have a practical emphasis. They can offer validation of the patient's cultural differences and self-empowerment and actualization through facilitating patient self-care. Self-care facilitation is a stress in many of the grand theories, as Orem's theory likewise attempts to address self-care deficits such as patient noncompliance with a dietary or physical fitness regime. There is always inevitable overlap between models, as contemporary nursing models and grand theories all strive to be limited to a focus on problems in nurse-patient situations or problems in person-environment interaction to be of use in practitioners in the field. Furthermore, the paper looks at the use of middle range theories in nursing, which some assert are more useful and more easily tested in practice. These mid-range theories act as subsidiaries of grand theories, and draw a great deal of their philosophy from grand theories. The major categories of knowledge reflected in different contemporary nursing models and grand theories, which include needs-based approaches, interaction-based approaches, outcome-focused approaches and humanistic approaches can be placed through the use of mid-range theories in a very specific context, such as pain management, or health promotion.
From the Paper
"Orem places a strong emphasis on exercise and physical activity that the patient can achieve him or herself. In the Community Empowerment Model, the nurse can provide counseling how to achieve such goals in the context of the patient's specific community and cultural environment (Extract from "Medicare Primary and Consumer Directed Care Demonstration: Health Promotion Nurse Intervention Model," 2002). The importance of exercise is directly derived from Orem's stress upon the need for the nurse to help the patient with such basic self-care modalities as nutrition, hygiene (including better sleep hygiene), mobility (including exercise), medication, and more empowered behavior. Orem also stresses patient empowerment in the context of direct nursing care, where the nurse has direct contact with client and/or family, along with Orem's the belief that self-care deficits are the result of environmental situations (Mayo, 1997).
"The environmental impact upon self-care also illustrates how the Community Empowerment Middle Range theory springs directly from Orem's influence, along with the pragmatic and humanist philosophical influences gave birth to Orem's stress upon patient empowerment during the entire process of treatment. The Community Empowerment Model also incorporates multiculturalism into its philosophy. Both theories share the logical positivist emphasis which stresses situations and context dictating the course of treatment, and the importance of taking into consideration the environment of the patient."
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"Nursing Theories: A Comparison", 2008.
A discussion of Dorothea Orem's self-care deficit theory and Katharine Kolcaba's comfort theory.
1,831 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the role of a nurse has been redefined to include sub specialties and responsibilities in order to compensate for the shortage of health care professionals. The paper also relates that the very fundamental concepts of nursing, however, still apply to this day. The paper then goes on to discuss the two nursing theories that are at the heart of these concepts: Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory and Katharine Kolcaba's Comfort Theory. The paper states that these two theories have both been ascribed as descriptive of what nursing should be. The paper discusses these two concepts as well as the differences and similarities of both concepts together with the practical application of each of the theories.
From the Paper
"These two theories speak of the fulfilment of certain needs. These needs must be fulfilled to allow a person to survive or overcome a present predicament. Both discuss on finding a solution to that need. A requisite and a discomfort are the same. It speaks of an inadequacy in one's physical, mental, social, or emotional state. Both are described as one of the foundations of nursing. However, it should be pointed out that self-care theory places responsibility on the very person in need to fulfil that deficit. Self-care behaviours are learned through time, or are innate behaviours. Self-care needs are different from a nurse fulfilling these needs. The role of a nurse in this case is to teach a person how to be self-reliant."
Outline:
Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory
Kolcaba's Comfort Theory
Compare and Contrast Theories of Self-care and Comfort
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Nursing Theories Compared, 2004.
Compares theories by Jean Piaget and Jean Watson and how they can be applied to the field of nursing.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the 'Theory of Human Caring', created by Jean Watson and Jean Piaget's theory on human intellectual development, individually. The paper then compares the two and explains how they can be applied to the nursing industry.
From the Paper
"In addition to the above basic core ideas of the role of the nurse, Watson also discusses the idea of transpersonal caring relationships. These relationships convey a concern for the world and the spirit of the nurse's patient (Watson, 2000). These relationships help to move the patient beyond their pain and suffering, and allow them to tap into their own healing potential. Watson also discusses the ability of the nurse to use that caring to go beyond the illness and disease, and to focus on the healing and wholeness issues of the patient. As a part of that relationship, there are moments where the nurse and patient bond together and it is that bonding, which is a result of the ten processes above and the transpersonal relationship, which allows the healing of the patient (Watson, 1988)."
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Nursing Theories, 2006.
This paper examines the article "Measuring Nursing Power Within Organizations."
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, £ 24.95
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Abstract
The writer reviews an article entitled "Measuring Nursing Power Within Organizations," written by Christina L. Sieloff and published in a nursing journal entitled "Journal of Nursing Scholarship." The paper explains the reason for this choice of article, that it is an excellent example of research conducted within the ambit of mid-range nursing theories.
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Fawcett's Nursing Theory, 2001.
An analysis of the nursing theory of Jacqueline Fawcett through the use of case studies.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Jacqueline Fawcett's framework of analysis and evaluation of conceptual modules of nursing. It attempts to select a specific example as a kind of case study and uses this as an evaluation tool and example throughout the paper. The purpose of Dr. Fawcett?s text is to marry ideas regarding nursing theory with nursing practice and this paper attempts to do so as well, albeit in a much more concentrated format. Nursing theory is supposed to provide aid to nurses through describing and ?controlling? the theoretical framework through which care is provided. This paper assesses Fawcett?s model on those terms.
From the Paper
"At the beginning of her text, Jacqueline Fawcett traces the historical evolution of the conceptual model of nursing, to the present development of the ?metaparadigm? model of nursing. Unlike previous theoretical models, the metaparadigm model links concepts such as ?person,? ?environment,? ?health,? and ?nursing? from a merely thematic approach, where such concepts are looked at in isolation, to one in which propositions regarding these cornerstones of care are linked as a part of a general model of nursing care. Fawcett relies on the four-pronged approach to the development of nursing knowledge in her model. She labels these four prongs as ?person,? ?environment,? ?health,? and ?nursing.? "
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Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory, 2002.
An examination of self-care deficit nursing theory and how it contributes to nursing knowledge and practice.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This essay provides a critique of self-care deficit nursing theory. It reveals how the theory directly contributes to nursing knowledge and practice. By focusing in on a specific concept, the theory allows an immediate application of ideas to practice. Specifically, the paper illustrates how self-care deficit theory proposes that individuals have a set of tasks that are crucial to the maintenance of their health. A self-care deficit exists when the relationship between a person's ability to perform required actions is not adequate to meet all of the therapeutic self-care demand. This is where the function of nurses becomes instrumental.
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Nursing Research Theory, 2004.
This paper presents a nursing diagram based on the development of a middle-range nursing theory.
1,808 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the linkage of theory-research and theory practice. The author delineates each level of the theory and provides supportive documentation for all statements, postulates, claims, and other notions central to the presented theory. The paper explores a nursing diagram based on the development of a middle-range nursing theory related to coping with chronic illness.
From the Paper
"One promising approach to strengthening theory-research and theory-practice linkages is to place greater emphasis on developing and using theories of the middle range to underpin nursing research and practice. The authors define middle range theories as moderately abstract inclusive organized within a limited scope with a limited number of variables, which are testable in a direct manner. The mid-range theories are said to have a stronger relationship with research and practice. This paper presents a nursing ..."
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The Nursing Theory of Hildegard Peplau, 2006.
A review of Hildegard Peplau's theory of nursing.
1,596 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
According to this paper, Hildegard Peplau is a nursing theorist who developed a nursing theory with sensitivity to nurse and patient interaction. The paper discusses how Peplau's theory has often been applied to nursing theory associated with psychiatric nursing but can also be applied to nursing theory with regard to many aspects of the nursing process.
Outline:
Introduction
Peplau's Theory
Application of theory to Hospital Medical Surgery Nursing
Conclusion and Evaluation
From the Paper
"Within the hospital setting of the practice of medical/surgical nursing practice Peplau's theories can be identified as very helpful in defining the psychosocial role of the nurse and patient in the roles they are prescribed during a hospital stay. During the orientation phase of the theory in medical surgical practice, the nurse and the individual assist one another in discerning the patient's problem and the needs that may arise because of it. During the identification process the nurse and the patient collectively identify with each other, in the roles they play in the given condition and the patient becomes comfortable enough to rely on the nurse to assist them in the needs they cannot meet independently, such as dressing site changes, vitals taking and activities of daily living like bathing and trips to the bathroom to aide the patient in recovery. "
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Two Nursing Theories, 2002.
A comprehensive comparison of selected chapters from Gary Zukav?s "Seat of the Soul" and Martha E. Rogers?s "Science of Unitary Humans Being".
5,842 words (approx. 23.4 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an examination and comparison of Gary Zukav?s "Seat of the Soul" and Martha E. Rogers?s "Science of Unitary Humans Being", including excerpts and appropriate citations. A summary is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"When Dr. Martha E. Rogers presented her evolutionary nursing model in 1970 with the publication of An Introduction to the Theoretical Basis of Nursing, it represented a drastic but useful manner of viewing human interaction and the nursing process. According to one Rogerian authority, ?The concept of unitary pattern appreciation is unique to the Science of Unitary Human Beings. It was developed and evolved with the intention of creating a way of doing science and practice from a unitary perspective. It is both a way of knowing from a unitary ontological perspective and an essential attitude toward persons as energy fields? (Cowling, 1989, p. 130 in Madrid)."
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Nursing Theory, 2008.
An overview of nursing theories, focusing primarily on the theories of Madeleine Leininger and Betty Neuman.
1,395 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses various theories of nursing practice and demonstrates the success of each theory. In addition, it defines similarities between the Madeleine Leininger and Betty Neuman theories as well as two other theorists who believe that in order to treat the whole patient their environment needs to be taken into account.
Outline:
Introduction
Practical Similarities and Practical Dissimilarities
Philosophical Similarities
Related Theories
Examples of Personal Experience
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Madeleine Leininger's (2002) trans-cultural nursing theory combines humanism and science in treating the whole patient. Trans-cultural nursing involves treating a patient based upon their values, beliefs and way of life--their cultural. Nurses use a patient's cultural surroundings in their treatment. The foundation of trans-cultural nursing is terminology. Examples of trans-cultural terminology used are culture values, culturally diverse, ethnocentrism and race (Leininger, 2002, pp. 189-192).
"Betty Neuman is also a theorist who created the Neuman Systems Model. The Neuman Systems Model was designed to give nurses a wide range information about the patient. Physiological, socio-cultural, psychological, spiritual and developmental variables all having influence on a patient's health are considered in the assessment and treatment phases. The foundation of the Neuman Systems Model is that a patient's environment effects their resistance and defense in terms of illness. In other words a patient's environment defines the internal and external dimensions of the patient (Gigliotti, 1999, pp. 36-44)."
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