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Nonconformity and Defiance in Literature, 2004.
A look at the themes of nonconformity and defiance in Sophocles's ?Antigone,? Henrik Ibsen's ?A Doll?s House?s and Tennessee Williams's ?The Glass Menagerie?.
1,312 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
Questions of social conflict between the society and individual are discussed in the literary works of Sophocles, Henrik Ibsen, and Tennessee Williams. The paper shows how these renowned playwrights utilize the theme of defiance and the nonconformity of the protagonists in their plays with a twist: instead of putting the situation in its proper, ?normal? order as what the society expects them to be, these playwrights opted to defy the norm of ?normalcy? in their plays. Instead, Sophocles, Ibsen, and Williams ended their plays by justifying their protagonists?s actions and resolutions at the end of the play. It explains how the main characters of the plays leave an indelible mark in the minds of the audience because of the radical means and ways that they chose to act in order to assert themselves and to not become, again, the victims that they were before. The following texts discuss the important points mentioned, using support material and passages from the texts of each author?s plays.
From the Paper
"More often, in the depiction of real life situations and events in literature, conflict happens in cases where the protagonist acts or behaves that defies the norms dictated and followed by the society. Non-conformity and defiance to social norms is a theme that has been discussed and analyzed in numerous works of literature. However, defiance and non-conformity in these cases result to resolutions that restore one again the status quo in the society. What if literary works uses this theme without returning things back to the proper order of things, or restoration of the society?s norms and standards?"
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Oppositional Defiance Disorder, 2002.
A look at a psychological condition known as Oppositional Defiance Disorder.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines a psychological condition known as Oppositional Defiance Disorder, which is a somewhat generalized collection of symptoms and behaviors in children and teens that result in hostility and negativity.
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"In Defiance of Gravity", 2004.
An analysis of the "Harper's Magazine" article, "In Defiance of Gravity: Writing, Wisdom and the Fabulous Club Gemini," written by Tom Robbins.
1,346 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Tom Robbins's article, "In Defiance of Gravity: Writing, Wisdom and the Fabulous Club Gemini," as it appeared in "Harper's Magazine". The paper examines how Robbins takes a serious look at the lack of playfulness and cosmic wisdom in Western literature. The paper explains that he uses his personal experience to emphasize how important this element is. Robbins's article is effective because he is taking a serious event in his life and using it as a teaching tool.
From the Paper
"Robbins also calls this playfulness "crazy wisdom" (Robbins), which is "the opposite of conventional wisdom" (Robbins). While this mindset might be difficult and unpopular, it is something to which we should strive. This can be seen in Robbins own experience on the bridge. Something as simple as a cat's meow triggered something in his memory that caused him to think of this playful state of mind. It was not something that Robbins set out to do on the bridge but the moment changed his life and how he thinks about life and writing. It is interesting because if Robbins had not been on the bridge, he might not have had this revelation. Strangely, he had to be at one extreme point in his life to see another extreme aspect of living. Without the desperation that led him to the bridge, he might not have had the insight or courage to realize what he did."
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The Inner Defiance of Hester Prynne, 2000.
An analysis of the main character in "The Scarlett Letter".
1,420 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the character of Hester Prynne as a symbol of resistance to the ubiquitous Puritan oppression in early colonial America in Nathaniel Hawthorne?s "The Scarlet Letter".
From the Paper
"Society hastens to oppose those who deviate from the norm, often condemning them as outcasts or pariahs. Such ?outcasts? or ?pariahs? are commonly ridiculed or ostracized for their differing beliefs and actions. A literary example of such an outcast is Hester Prynne, in Nathaniel Hawthorne?s The Scarlet Letter. Scorned and isolated by her Puritan community after they discover her act of adultery, they punish her with imprisonment. They also mandate that she wear, at all times, a scarlet letter ?A? on her chest, which is to serve as a constant reminder of the sin she has committed. Hester wears the scarlet letter on the outside, but inwardly defies and rebels against the strict Puritan regimen, thus becoming a symbol of resistance against Puritan oppression."
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Symbolism in Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery", 2002.
This essay examines the emotional turmoil, obedience and defiance in Shirley Jackson's story "The Lottery".
1,230 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the feelings and emotions of the townspeople in Shirley Jackson's tale of perverse ritual and strict conformity in "The Lottery". The author discusses the cruelty and blind obedience of certain characters, and the intense guilt and defiance felt by others in participating in the lottery.
From the Paper:
"In Shirley Jackson's The Lottery we see an exciting game of chance turn ugly, as the winner of this lottery is subsequently sentenced to death at the hands of the town people. The town runs amok with various rebellious, evil, and utterly insensitive people who lie in wait for their next annual victim. Playing the role of judges, juries, and executioners, many of Jackson's characters depict a strong underlying theme of the evil, prejudice, and rebellion that is so prevalent in our everyday lives. All the characters' roles, as well as their names, were precisely chosen in order to awaken our hearts and minds to the callousness and rebellion that lies at the heart of every man in the face of habitual conformity."
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"The Mission", 2002.
This paper provides an analysis of the defiance of priesthood in the movie "The Mission".
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the movie "The Mission" and seeks to uncover the fratricide that Robert Deniro's character, Rodrigo, performs in the movie. By understanding Jeremy Irons' character, one can see how this relates to the absolution of the film with its plot. The writer demonstrates the response to this act of defiance in the priesthood, so that one may understand the complexities of the film's meaning.
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Benjamin Franklin, 2005.
An analysis of the life of Benjamin Franklin and his defiance of Puritanism.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This historical study analyzes Benjamin Franklin's religious rejection of Puritanism within the context of his belief systems. It closely inspects his autobiography and discusses how Franklin mentions important transitions from his Puritanical background and embraced the Enlightenment Era philosophy of science and republican government.
From the Paper
"This historical study will analyze Benjamin Franklin's religious rejection of Puritanism within the context of his belief systems. Through a close inspection of his Autobiography, Franklin mentions important transitions from his Puritanical background, and embraced the Enlightenment Era philosophy of science and republican government. By realizing the experiential philosophical innovations of this Founding Father, the rejection of Puritan thought was a direct result of greater religious liberties and of the separation of church and state in government. In the late 18th century there was a political basis for Benjamin Franklin rejecting the Puritan ideals that had dominated New England for many years. "
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The French Romantic Movement of the 1830s, 1994.
This paper discusses the French Romantic Movement of the arts in the 1830s: Definition, social and political factors, major figures, philosophy of nonconformism and changing view of artist.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 8 sources, £ 32.95
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From the Paper
"The art world of the 1830s was at the height of the Romantic movement. The nature of society was also changing, at different rates in different places. Britain was well into the Industrial Revolution, which was also having an effect in the United States. The way people saw themselves and their relationship to the world had changed considerably in the previous century with the various revolutions that had brought democracy to America and to Europe, and democratizing influences were also felt in the art world with more art for the masses and less reliance on patronage by the wealthy or the titled.
The Romantic movement affected all the arts and was a break from the classical traditions that preceded it. Changes in the styles of artistic expression throughout history have reflected not only developments in materials and shifting patters within ... "
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Female Rebels, 2002.
An analysis of women who defy social and familial expectations.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper will investigate women as rebels against social standards and norms, and against the expectations and values of familial life as exemplified in ideals western, white patriarchal culture established. The thesis is simple and straightforward enough; namely, that defiance is not of a single character or type, but shares similar meaning in that gender equality is what is strived for. This striving occurs in the face of hostility, usually hostility deeply rooted in the culture in which the defiance take place.
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Clarissa Dalloway: Deconstruction of the Feminine Ideal, 2001.
This essay analyzes Virginia Woolf's, Mrs. Dalloway, and women's roles in it.
2,365 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This essay examines the ideological roles of women in society. Clarissa Dalloway?s unhappiness in marriage reflects defiance in the social ideal. Clarissa?s marriage to Richard Dalloway is an action, which supposedly, should make her feel complete. Instead, marriage contributes to her sense of non-being. Clarissa's internal and external state of being is analysed in the first section of the essay. This section looks at Woolf's narrative technique. Woolf uses juxtaposition of male, female; internal, external thought to highlight Clarissa's inability to act upon desire. The second topic of analysis in the essay is Clarissa's loss of identity. Clarissa becomes "Mrs.Dalloway" and defines herself by her new title. She plays the role that is expected in her social group. Though she works hard to maintain the perfect image she is not truly happy with her life. The third part of the essay examines Clarissa's interest in alternative lifestyles as a result of her unhappiness. Clarissa dreams about achieving goals that are unheard of for women of the time. She thinks about alternative relationships with both men and women. Though to weak to act upon such thoughts, Clarissa expresses defiance through her desire. Clarissa?s internal resistance is intimately connected to the ideology of her social system.
From the Paper
"In Mrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf, the actions, thoughts and experiences of Clarissa Dalloway reflect the pressures on women to play ideological roles in society. Clarissa is an upper class mother, wife and hostess, whose thoughts and desires challenge her domestic role. She is not happy, yet she chooses to maintain the illusion of happiness in her life as a means of survival in a society that shuns independent women. Woolf?s narrative serves to deconstruct the politics of gender and masculine privilege through Clarissa?s internal discontent. Clarissa Dalloway is externally controlled by the dominant systems of belief in her high-class society. Clarissa?s internal resistance to social order is apparent in her state of division, loss of identity, and interest in alternative lifestyles. Through the social interactions and thoughts of Clarissa Dalloway, the ideological and the internal are intimately connected."
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Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, 2007.
A discussion of the life and symbolism of the poems of Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz.
3,083 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history, life and works of the poet Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz. It discusses her defiance of Catholic Order and her learning, including her large library of books and musical and scientific instruments. The paper then discusses her expression of her feminism and her argument, in her best known work, that women need to be educated. The paper discusses the symbolism of some of her poetry.
Table of Contents:
Juana's Defiance of Catholic Order and Her Learning
Her Feminism
From the Paper
"Much of Sor Juana Ines' poetry centers on the old chestnut of the Golden Age, which is the role of art in breaching the boundaries between illusion and reality and between dream and waking (Kantaris 1992). In her famous Poem 152, "Verde Embeleso de la Vida Humana," she describes life as a waking dream of twists and turns, and in Poem 102, "Decimas que Acompanaron un Retrato Enviado a Una Persona," she brings out the feelings of the "original" woman who sent her. In it, Sor Juana Ines questions the primary of the original over the copy, of reality over art, of the empty presence of the body over the entire world of art, imagination and the intellect. Her clever use of pronouns clouds the gender of the sender and of the recipient (Kantaris)."
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Values in "Antigone", 2004.
Discusses Antigone's actions in the Greek play by Sophocles.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 16.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Antigone's actions in the Greek play by Sophocles as indicative of the values of her era. It looks at her defiance of the law of King Creon for what she believes is correct action.
From the Paper
"In Antigone Sophocles early establishes Antigone's dilemma -her brothers have been killed and Creon king of Thebes has refused one of those brothers Polynices decent burial, leading Antigone to decide that she will defy Creon and bury her brother, She runs the risk of being condemned to an early death because not ..."
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Gamal Abdal Nasser, 2006.
This paper discusses Gamal Abdal Nasser as a charismatic but failed agent of Middle Eastern change.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although Gamal Abdal Nasser infused the nation with a new, heady confidence and energy during the early part of his reign in the 1950s, his cult of personality failed to create important modern cultural and political structures that would enable Egypt to compete effectively with the West. The author points out Nasser's reign must be considered a fundamental and lasting failure based upon his sustained autocracy that created a template for strong-fisted and undemocratic cultural and political resistance to the West. The paper relates that Nasser did change the Middle East by asserting an ideological legacy, Pan-Arab unity and defiance to the economic control of the West but without creating a sustainable political system, which can tolerate dissent.
From the Paper
"Maher al-Charif of the Institute d'Etudes Arabe in Damascus sees the failure of Nasser to transform his society primarly as an intellectual one. Nasser did not proceed beyond an ideology of resistance to the colonial legacy. Nasser failed because he did not understand that constructing a modern state and society required a free society and did not encourage liberal Islamic clerics who reconcile Islam with Western economic demands. Today, democracy and economic liberalism is now tainted with American cultural colonialism because of Nasser's refusal to let go of his autocratic controls over the Egyptian press and universities."
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Rosa's Ethics, 2006.
Examines what drove Rosa Parks to defy state law and refuse to give up her seat in an Alabama bus in 1955.
1,875 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
Ever since December 1, 1955 there has been considerable discussion regarding precisely what prompted Rosa Parks to refuse to give up her seat on a Montgomery, Alabama bus and what the lasting impact upon society has been. Overall, the only context within which such a debate carries any weight is in ethics. The paper shows that if we are attempting to discern whether Parks was justified or not, then we are routinely forced to consider the roles of her motivations and the consequences. It is upon these competing criteria that the notions of consequentialism and nonconsequentialism teeter. The paper shows that it is possible to analyze Parks' actions based upon why she behaved as she did and it is possible to analyze her actions based upon the end results. The paper ranks her actions on an ethical scale based upon precisely who benefited, or upon her individual purpose for refusing to move. It considers the many differing points of view of Rosa Parks' act of defiance.
From the Paper
"Nevertheless, a universal egoist would also have to take into account the benefits that the Civil Rights Movement at large allowed for Rosa Parks. It is permissible that her life was happier because of the achievements of the movement. After all, she may have been harmed or even killed in other racial uprisings. So once again, the universal egoist is plagued by the same problem all consequentialists must address: how can one history be measured against an alternative that never happened? Since it is possible to imagine an infinite number of dreadful courses that Parks' life could have taken, other universal egoists could assert that her action was ethical."
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