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National Youth Media Campaign Commercials, 2003. Provides an analysis of the different techniques of persuasion used in a commercial from the anti-drug campaign. 1,024 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 25.95 »
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Abstract This paper first gives a complete description of the commercial put out by the National Youth Media against drug abuse. It then describes how the fear-appeal and perceived-efficacy tactics are used in the commercial to persuade the viewer to not use drugs. It closes with a paragraph on whether or not the author found the commercial to be effective.
From the Paper "This advertisement was an efficacious use of the fear appeal technique. The aim of the spot was to alert potential and current users of the drug meth of the possible effects that using the drug can cause. I doubt that any other technique would have presented this point quite as well. Many of those thinking about using the drug or already using the drug may lack the knowledge necessary about the drug to make conscious, educated decisions about using it. This commercial seeks to instill apprehension and fear in viewers so that they will be discouraged from using the drug."
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National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, 2008. An analysis of the goals, technical aspects, and results of the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign. 3,004 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 61.95 »
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Abstract This paper analyzes the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign put out by the Office of National Drug Control Policy. It describes the goal and basis of the campaign, as well as its target audiences. The paper looks at the strategic resources of the campaign and its theoretical basis. The paper then discusses the campaign from a technical point of view and discusses its results.
From the Paper "While the message was conveyed under the form of news in the papers, it sometimes took the form of an advertorial in magazines. In this way, the target was reached from multiple directions and with an increased frequency. Since framing directs the creation of meaning, the use of various framing techniques underlines the complexity of the campaign.
"Understanding the target audiences influenced the conception of the campaign's content. The texts (the signs) that were written and then transmitted through various media were adapted in their form (use of images, metaphors, tone of voice, etc.) so that they had the capacity to draw the attention of the audience."
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The American Media and Presidential Campaigns, 2003. A look at the media's failure to inform American voters. 1,838 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 40.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the Thomas Patterson book "Out of Order," which takes the mainstream media to task for how it covers modern presidential campaigns. The paper concurs with Patterson's argument that the media has taken over many of the duties formerly handled by the political parties themselves, such as judging a candidate's qualifications and bridging the gap between candidates and voters. It is also critical of both the quantity and quality of the media's coverage, arguing that the incessant coverage of the polls and other "horse race" type stories discourage voters from paying attention more carefully.
From the Paper "In the book Out of Order, a scathing critique of the failures of the current state of media coverage of presidential campaigns, author Thomas Patterson strongly disagrees with the notion that the news media serves as an adequate mechanism to deliver election news in a manner conducive to the demands of democracy. Instead, Patterson argues that the reforms of the McGovern-Fraser Commission inadvertently changed the role that the media is expected to fulfill in elections. With the decline of political parties as a force in the nomination process, the media is no longer expected to simply fill the role of watchdog. Instead, the media is now expected to play the dual role of the party as well, establishing candidates' fitness for office, and bridging the gap between candidates and voters as the party once did."
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Media Health Campaigns, 1996. Examines theory, goals, techniques & effectiveness of use of media to promote public health, focusing on anti-smoking/anti-drug efforts. Abstract. 2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 12 sources, £ 54.95 »
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From the Paper "Americans have been faced in recent years with any number of health hazards, hazards identified by the government and the medical establishment alike as life-threatening, and hazards then subject to health campaigns intended to inform the people of the nature of the problem and to change behaviors so as to reduce the risk, reduce the incidence of the disease or health problems associated with the risk, and counter other messages from advertising and elsewhere in society that push people toward behaviors which lead to poor health. Among the health campaigns that have been undertaken and that have become major issues with television and other advertising are the issues of smoking, drinking, unsafe sexual activity, behaviors contributing to heart disease, and overall fitness through exercise. How effective..."
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Youth and Violence in the Media, 2008. A discussion of the relationship between exposure to violent television and video games and the development of aggression in children and adolescents. 1,945 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 42.95 »
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Abstract This paper tests the assumption that the high levels of violence in the media must be having a negative effect on children. It points out that, in particular, many seem to fear that exposure to violent television and video games will lead to the development of aggression in children and adolescents. The paper attempts to show that there is no simple answer to the questions posed by the proliferation of violent television and video games in our society. It concludes that it is by no means certain that exposure to violent television and video games leads to the development of aggression in children and adolescents.
From the Paper "There can be no doubt that young people are exposed to high levels of media violence. For example, one study demonstrates that 57% of television programmes depict violence (based on viewing 2,700 programs on 23 channels) (Fleras, 2003). Of this, about 10% is very graphic violence. This adds up to the average North American child watching about one really graphic violent act every day - or a total of about 2,200 very graphic, violent acts while he or she is in elementary school (Potter and Smith, 2000). Similarly, the Kaiser Family Foundation Report showed that some 75% of US children had at least one video-game player, and that a third of these children had video-game players in their own bedrooms. Moreover, many videogames contain large amounts of violence, some of it graphic (Lachlan, Smith and Tamborini, 2003). Thus, there can be no doubt that most children and adolescents view a great deal of violent television, and spend a great deal of time playing violent video games."
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Mass Media's Effect on Youth, 2002. A research about the impact of the media on youth and adolescent development. 4,620 words (approx. 18.5 pages), 3 sources, £ 82.95 »
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Abstract This research attempts to examine the extent to which the media influences the lives of adolescents. The author attempts to investigate how the media impacts the socialization of the youth culture and whether the media is so powerful that it has come to replace other socialization agents such as the family, school and peers. The author examines the way socialization agents impact stages of development and how each contribute to another aspect of the individual's forming personality and attitudes. The author makes use of various sociological theories for supporting evidence.
Table of Contents:
Chapters
1.0 Statement of Research Problem
1.1 Research Problem 2
2.0 Introduction to Theoretical Perspectives
and Review of Literature 3
2.1 Introduction to the Media as an Agent of Socialization 3
2.2 Getting to Know the 3
2.3 The 4
2.4 How the Media Socializes 5
2.5 Media as an Industry 5
2.6 Development of Gender Roles
and Consciousness of Achieved Status 6
2.7 Global Impact vs. Role in North American Society 7
2.8 Pros and Cons of Media Dominance 7
2.9 Independent and Dependant Variables 8
2.10 The Test 8
2.11 The Respondents 9
2.12 The Choice of a Questionnaire 9
2.13 Possible 9
2.14 Validity of Respondents 10
2.15 Questionnaire Distribution 10
2.16 Questions to Answers 11
2.17 Conclusion to Theoretical Perspectives
and Review of Literature 11
3.0 Administration Overview 12
3.1 Time Schedule 12
3.2 Budget 12
3.3 Ethical Issues 13
4.0 Measurement Overview 13
4.1 Existing research 14
5.0 Analysis Overview 14
6.0 Implications 14
6.1 Practical Applications 15
Figure #1 The Questionnaire 16
References 18
From the Paper "There is a problem in Canada that youth are unaware of the significance of the media and its influence on their day-to-day lives. The main questions that will be investigated in the research and hopefully answered if not fully understood by the end of the study would be as follows: How important is the media in the socialization of Canadian popular cultured youth? Is the media the most influential agent of socialization in a teenager?s life? Has the media replaced the family, school and peers for being the centre of acquired knowledge for youth? Existing sociological theory suggest we have varying agents of socialization that have different effects on us at different stages of our development and life course. Agents of Socialization are people, groups or institutions that teach people what they need to know in order to participate in society. During the elementary years of school peers are the most important influence. A peer group is a group of people who are linked by common interest, equal social position, and similar age categories. Even as adults we are still influenced by our peers. In this study it will be discussed that the media because of its worldwide accessibility has become a great contributor to socialization than the peer group between the ages of 15-18. The stage of development, which will be conveyed, is called anticipatory socialization (to be discussed in further detail in the theoretical discussion section). This influence at the ages of 15-18, which is referred to, as adolescence will carry on for the future generations as a vital agent of socialization through, out their adult lives."
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Effects of Media Violence on Youth, 2005. A discussion on the effects of violence in the media to aggression in youth. 4,050 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 15 sources, £ 111.95 »
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Abstract "This paper discusses the effects of violence in the mass media (television, video games, music videos, song lyrics and the internet) to aggression and physical violence in youth. The paper hypothesizes that there is a direct correlation and significant high level research is sited to prove the hypothesis and offer comments on limitations to available literature and offer recommendations.
From the Paper "Effects of Media Violence on Youth In the last 50 years our society has seen incredible changes relative to media availability, presentation format and content. Our society has changed from barely having one black and white console television set in the home with most families viewing their favorite shows at a neighbor's home; a show broadcast on one of three stations: ABC, CBS or NBC. Now the average cable or satellite programming offers in excess of 450 channels. Video games have gone from big, bulky and arcade based innocuous games like Pong (by Atari) to extremely violent games hand-held games like Resident Evil run on an XBox. The internet also offers individuals the opportunity to interact with violent games, watch unrestricted/uncensored music videos and even hone their information on violence, weapons use, etc."
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The Augusta National Controversy, 2002. Discusses the media war between the National Council of Women?s Organizations and the Augusta National Golf Club over the club's policy of excluding women. 2,890 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 59.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses why the prestigious Augusta National Golf Club excludes women from its membership roles. It discusses whether it is legal and, moreover, ethical, for a private club to exclude an American citizen based on gender. The paper focuses on the public relations battle which took place between the club's chairman, Hootie Johnson, and chairperson of the National Council of Women's Organizations, Martha Burk, over the club's exclusion of women from the club and the Masters Tournament which takes place each year. The paper explores Augusta National's public image following the confrontation and looks at how Burk threatened to turn one of America?s most esteemed sporting events into a public relations nightmare for its sponsors. The paper looks at how successful her very public made-for-media strategy to challenge corporate America?s commercial support of The Masters Tournament really was.
From the Paper "Meanwhile, in the past few months, everyone of any stature in golf (Tiger Woods was most prominent among opinions expressed; he declined to take sides), in civil rights (Jesse Jackson announced he would lead the charge against the discrimination of women), and it seems, in the media, had an opinion on Augusta?s refusal to admit women. Sandy Grady, writing in USA Today, noted that Augusta?s power elite were ??so petrified that feminists will infiltrate their boys club, they announced this rule, according to the Augusta Chronicle: ?Patrons will be asked to return to their cars and remove buttons, hats, or T-shirts that express any opinion, pro or con, on a social or political basis?.? That would appear to be unconstitutional at the worst, and, at the least, blatant paranoia."
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Political Campaigns, 2002. The use of mass media in political campaigns. 3,400 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 7 sources, £ 86.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the influence of mass media on the way political campaigns are run.
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Mainstream Television Commercials, 2005. This paper analyzes television commercials, which were aired during an episode of "CSI: Miami", a prime time television show, on September 19, 2005. 1,790 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 39.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that three types of commercials, aired during "CSI: Miami" on September 19, 2005, were aimed at selling female products, male products and the TV station itself. The author points out that these commercials were structured to appeal specifically to either males or females. The paper relates that commercials geared to attracting women are more populist in that they appeal to the female drive to visually fit in with the expectations of American society. The author states that commercials geared to attracting men are more elitist in that they are based on the motivation to have the bigger and better product so they will be the source of envy for others. The author underscores that both methods do not attempt to sell a product that the viewer may necessarily need, but rather sells the social implications that come with the acquisition of the product.
From the Paper "The clothing commercials flaunt women that are single digit sizes strutting around while men check them out in their brand new attractive JCPenny and Marshalls Fall wear. They are always smiling and laughing as they dance around looking very comfortable and self confident. The colors used in these commercials complement the models. Since it is an autumn line, the ad is filled with earth-tones. For example, a red haired model is wearing a red scarf and a brunette is wearing a brown sweater. The colors support the models to show them in their best light, thus amplifying the attractiveness of the clothing being sold."
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Youth Culture v. Youth Market, 2005. An analysis of the youth culture versus the youth market in the music and clothing industries. 2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 2 sources, £ 55.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the youth market and the youth culture as a separate entity within the overall demographic of the U.S. The paper pays particular attention to the integration of the music and clothing industry and who these industries have become associated in the minds of the youth as being consistent with their culture and self expression.
From the Paper " Youth Culture v. Youth Market The concept of youth culture as a separate entity within the broader demographic of the U.S. population is tenuous at best because it shifts constantly from one point to another. At times various groups co-opt what they perceive to be youth culture for their own unique and idiosyncratic purposes: "Through magazines, music, sit-com style videos, cartoons, and other media, Focus strives to construct an alternative Christian youth culture that mirrors secular culture's style and consumption habits" (Hendershot, 1995, para.5). Just as likely is the current trend in Hip-Hop to turn its primary audience; a grand collage of youth from across the various demographics making up the U.S. population, into one conceptual body comprising a unique youth culture all its own (Taylor & Taylor, 2004)."
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TV Commercials and Children, 2008. A review of the effects of television commercials on the eating habits of children. 892 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 21.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses surveys which study the effect of TV commercials on children. The paper relates that the food industry has increased its advertising to all ages, including children, which is having a negative impact on their health. The paper suggests that companies should be held responsible for their influence on children, or at least present a more rounded view of food and nutrition. The paper also states that children have been bombarded by food marketing, which has resulted in higher rates of obesity. The paper ,after referring to various situations, concludes that a relationship has been found between television commercials and eating.
From the Paper "A similar study was conducted in Europe, where children do not eat enough fruit and vegetables and where exposure to TV is negatively associated with the intake of these foods. This study by Klepp et. al. (2007) explored exposure to food commercials on TV in nine European countries with approximately 12, 750 children to determine the association between this exposure and attitudes toward eating fruits and vegetables. The authors state that the children report exposure more to more unhealthy foods than healthy ones such as fruits and vegetables. However, those who were exposed to fruit and vegetable TV ads were much more positively disposed toward eating these foods. These findings point to the important, and more positive, role that TV could play in supporting healthy eating messages."
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Women in Commercials, 2004. This paper discusses the aspect of sexism in commercials. 675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 16.95 »
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Abstract This paper contends that commercials are far less sexist and less racist now than they were 50 years ago or even a generation ago. The writer discusses that subtle sexism is as dangerous as the more explicit varieties, because it is harder to identify and therefore to fight against. In this article, the writer explores sexism in the world of the television commercial.
From the Paper "Most of us try to avoid thinking about commercials. We reach for our remote to mute them, wander out of the room during them, talk to our roommates, do some homework on our laptops. And because we try to ignore commercials much of the time, we believe that their influence on us is minimized. We are not really paying attention so we do not think that they are affecting us. But the average American is exposed to thousands of ads and commercials every year and even if we are ... '
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Alcohol Commercials and Teens, 2004. Shows that TV alcohol commercials target teenagers who may be influenced to participate in underage drinking. 2,035 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 44.95 »
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Abstract This paper argues that alcohol and beer commercials depict drinking as a desirable activity, and portray drinking in social settings that are particularly appealing to teenagers, such as sports, dances and parties. The paper shows that alcohol is the principal drug abuse problem in America today and is the No.1 drug killing teenagers, which opens up a whole new front on this nation's war on drugs. The paper argues that we all have to take responsibility for sending proper messages to teenagers and to take whatever measures are necessary to protect them from the advertising industries that are targeting them at any expense.
From the Paper "The voluntary ban on alcohol advertising was broken in 1996 by Seagram's. Their actions were met with much negative reaction from politicians, health care professionals, and child advocate groups. Yet, alcoholic beverage companies have moved forward with their relentless advertising campaigns that are purposely targeted at today's youth. President Clinton, a strong advocate of restoring that ban, fought with lawmakers and the FCC to launch an inquiry into regulating alcohol advertising and reestablishing the ban (Clinton, 1997). The FCC is responsible for protecting the public's interests in the use of the airwaves, but are they doing their job?"
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