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NAFTA: Its Intentions and Outcomes, 2002.
Distinguishes between the intentions of NAFTA and the outcomes of their actions.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper will analyze this clear distinction between NAFTA's intentions and outcomes. By looking at the arguments for and against NAFTA, it will be possible to evaluate whether or not its lofty ambitions are on their way to being fulfilled, or whether the outcomes are as cloaked, complicated and jagged as the NAFTA text itself. It must be noted at the outset that, as the impact of NAFTA is different for each of its participants, it is impossible to engage in a precise analysis of its specific effects in each country. To circumvent this problem, general themes will be brought to light where appropriate and more specific examples will be developed when necessary.
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Canada's NAFTA Intentions, 2006.
A look at why Canada entered into the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 10 sources, £ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the objectives behind Canada's entry into the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and what they achieved from their entry. The paper explains that Canada's main goal was to confirm access to the booming American trade market. Other factors included giving Canadian consumers and businesses greater freedom of choice in product variety and quality as well as protecting Canadian companies and individuals investing abroad.
From the Paper
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China's Strategic Intentions, 2008.
This paper provides an assessment of China's likely future strategic intentions.
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that assessing the nature of China's future strategic intelligence intentions in the 21st century requires examining China's strategic objectives, for doing so will reveal the intelligence activities that must be engaged in if China is to achieve these strategic objectives. The writer maintains that it is evident that one of China's primary strategic objectives is to become an economic superpower. Furthermore, the writer maintains that it is also evident that in order to achieve this, engaging in economic espionage against the United States is necessary because this will confer economic advantages upon China while enabling Beijing to undermine and weaken the U.S. economy.
From the Paper
"It is evident that one of China's strategic objectives is to become an economic superpower, for this would not only expand Chinese influence throughout the world, it would enable China to become a military superpower equivalent to or even greater than the United States. In order to achieve this strategic objective, China is likely to expand its economic espionage capabilities.
"This would confer significant advantages upon China and enable Beijing to expand its economy while undermining the economy of the United States. Economic espionage is beneficial for China because it furthers China's strategic objectives by enabling Beijing to measure long-term success by enhanced market share for its products, and consequently achieve a favorable balance of trade."
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NAFTA and Its Weaknesses, 2008.
A discussion of the weaknesses of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
1,685 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the positive and negative effects the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has had in Canada, the United States and Mexico. The paper asserts that NAFTA has taken on somewhat mythical proportions in the minds of its proponents and detractors alike. It holds that NAFTA has primarily struck a dissonant tone with the U.S. and Mexico, while Canada largely accepted its utility. To its detractors NAFTA offered a convenient scapegoat for all of the economic woes since its inception in January 1994, and to its proponents it has been responsible for most of the economic growth periods of the last 10 years. Yet, beyond all the hype, rhetoric, and ideology superficially imposed on it, NAFTA was a dynamic process that required monumental negotiation commitment on the part of the signatories and certainly on the part of Canada as the smallest market.
The paper concludes that, although NAFTA comes with its negative attributes, it has largely proven a boon to the Canadian economy and the country would be ill-advised to withdraw from the treaty.
Outline:
History & Description
NAFTA Weaknesses & Failure
Benefits & Cost Outcomes
Conclusion
From the Paper
"While NAFTA has been somewhat contentious since before its inception, the economic results of the agreement have proven largely inline with the positive projections associated with NAFTA by its designers and supporters. In fact, the increasing reliance on free-trade agreements which essentially become a 5th column in a country's foreign policy mechanism, NAFTA has become not just an economic success but a political template for further free-trade agreements across the globe. Some researchers have pointed out that NAFTA was ground-breaking both for its visionary approach to expanded trade relationships and for its unique integration into the signatory countries' sovereignty."
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NAFTA and The American Auto Industry, 2007.
A discussion on the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the effects on the American auto industry.
3,920 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews NAFTA and its effect on the American auto industry. Specifically the researcher examines various theoretical propositions providing analysis of the effects of NAFTA since implementation. The author's aims and objectives include identifying the costs and benefits associated with NAFTA's implementation, as well as identifying future trends and areas for research growth with respect to NAFTA and the automobile industry. The primary research examined includes how NAFTA impacted the U.S. automobile industry as a whole; whether the overall effects of NAFTA on the U.S. automobile industry have been positive or negative; and what the future of the U.S. automobile industry is, based on research gathered regarding NAFTA since its inception.
Outline:
Introduction
Journal Review
Theoretical Discussion of Topic
NAFTA Integration Strategies
Data Analysis
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Koechlin & Larudee (1992) take an interesting approach reviewing the potential effectives of NAFTA prior to its full inception claiming that the overall costs of NAFTA would likely be too high or negative in nature, postulating that employment would be affected most severely particularly within the U.S. Lastly Globerman & Storer (2005) provide the most recent analysis of free trade and price convergence resulting from NAFTA. The authors adopt economic theory suggesting that liberalization of trade will ultimately result in price convergence. The authors also examine the impacts of convergence on returns to capital and wages, suggesting that multiple explanations exist for the seeming divergence that followed the Canada-U.S. Auto Pact in the early 1960s."
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The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), 2007.
This paper discusses the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between the U.S., Mexico and Canada and its impact on the U.S. job market.
2,075 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 17 sources, APA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was designed to open up the Canadian, U.S. and Mexican borders to free trade; however, NAFTA's ratification and implementation over the last decade has not had uniform success. The author points out that, while many detractors of NAFTA had predicted that the U.S. economy would run at an overall trade deficit with both Canada and Mexico, they failed to observe that overall exports to these two markets would increase greatly as well. The paper also examines the impact of NAFTA on the U.S. job market and concludes that some of the apparatus within NAFTA's regulatory structure, which allows for negotiation and renegotiation, should be utilized to make adjustments for the economic impact NAFTA has had on the U.S. economy especially on job loss. The paper includes tables on job creation and loss and wage changes.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Positive Economic Impact of NAFTA
Negative Economic Impact of NAFTA
Future Trends
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One industry that has been in decline in the U.S. for many years has been the textile industry. NAFTA's detractors often, supported by the U.S. textile industry itself, belabored this point in arguments against ratification of NAFTA. Cook points out that although NAFTA led to expanded markets for the U.S. textile industry by: 1) the elimination of import duties into Mexico on U.S. produced yarns and cotton, and 2) by mandating that Mexican textile manufacturers actually utilize U.S. yarn and cotton in textiles that are exported to the U.S. and Canadian markets."
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Living and Working with NAFTA in the United States, 2004.
An analysis of the effects of NAFTA on the workers and consumers in the U.S.
6,243 words (approx. 25.0 pages), 29 sources, APA, £ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the data and economic trends of the past twenty years in an effort to determine whether NAFTA has been a great boon to the U.S. economy or whether it has, in fact, destroyed jobs and spun trade deficits out of control.
The Case for NAFTA
The Case Against NAFTA
Analysis
Conclusions for NAFTA's Future
From the Paper
"Three pens were taken up on December 17, 1992, and three men signed their names marking a historic day in international trade relations. It was that day that President Bush of the United States of America, President Salinas of the United Mexican States, and Prime Minister Mulroney of Canada, each in their respective capitals, signed the North American Free Trade Agreement. Exactly eleven months later, with a vote of 234 to 200 the U.S. House of Representative passed the agreement. The U.S. Senate followed suit with a vote of 60 to 38, just three days later, on November 20, 1993. With President Clinton's signature on December 20, 1993, and effective January 1, 1994, the nearly 400 million people of North America became unified in one integrated marketplace under NAFTA."
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The Impact of NAFTA, 2001.
This paper examines the impact that the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has on the continent.
1,750 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 10 sources, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a thorough definition of NAFTA and proceeds to examine the impact that this agreement has had on the United States. It deals with personal issues such as claims of heightened unemployment as well as national issues such as tax benefits and improved trade.
From the paper:
"On January 1, 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was implement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States. This treaty drops most tariffs by 50% immediately, and dropped to zero by 2009. It is a unique trading agreement between two developed countries and a developing nation on a single continent. After eight years since NAFTA commenced, there are mixed analysis and opinions on whether this treaty is a success. It was designed to provide a free-flow of goods between countries without imputative measures and tariffs being enforced; it was promoted as a means to improve productivity and create jobs in the three countries; and, it was touted as model for further free-trade blocs to be created in the Americas and in other regional markets. After eights, no other free-trade blocs exists, nor has any other free-trade treaties been pursued and/or implemented by the NAFTA partners; and, with a world in a recession, there are two points of views on whether NAFTA has been more damaging than good during at this time, or if NAFTA has prevented further harm through its free-flow of goods."
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Hinduism & Buddhism: The Paradox Of Intention, 1988.
Examines the nature of activity & passivity in an attempt to derive a theory of action. Discusses the role of passivity in Buddhism & Hinduism. Argues that the intentions of passivity or activity are essential in determining their effectiveness.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, £ 38.95
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From the Paper
"The quote heading Chapter 8 is an excellent illustration of the paradox of intention. It is not a means of fooling God, nor primarily a means of accomplishing some material goal, although using paradox can be a useful technique in healing some conditions. Instead, it seems to reflect a deeper understanding both of our inner desires and the means to allow them to be fulfilled. According to Shaw, the reversal of effort is a solution to the problem of being a self at all, and as such separate, isolated, and seeking. It is a redefinition of the goal completely. The goal becomes letting go itself, rather than freedom or immortality or perfection. The focus of this paper is on a theory of activity in the world and its bases. Why, when, and how do we act in the (...)"
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NAFTA, 2007.
This paper discusses the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
1,015 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer looks at the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) that took effect on January 1, 1994. The writer points out that the result of NAFTA is increased trade, but with a growing U.S. trade deficit and job dislocation, particularly in manufacturing. Yet, economic growth has fueled job and wage growth in the U.S., increasing gross domestic product and foreign investment. The writer maintains that overall, the U.S. is better off under NAFTA with increased economic growth and dramatically more foreign investment. The writer concludes that even if NAFTA had never been signed, global economic forces would have forced specialization, as is already occurring with other trading partners. NAFTA simply accelerated the inevitable.
From the Paper
"The dismantling of trade barriers and opening of markets have led to economic growth and rising prosperity in the U.S., Mexico and Canada. The real GDP growth for all NAFA partners from 1993 to 2005 has been impressive. U.S. GDP during this time period grew 48%t while Mexico's increased by 40% and Canada's grew by 49%. However, because the Canadian and Mexican economies are much smaller than the economy of the U.S., their increases actually represent much larger growth rates."
"There is great debate about the job and wage impact of NAFTA. U.S. unemployment has fallen from 7.5% just before the signing of NAFTA, while trade deficits over the last decade grew by nearly 300%. Further, total U.S. employment grew by twenty-two million jobs between 1990 and 2000, and U.S. average per capita real income rose by 26% over the same period."
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NAFTA, 2006.
This paper analyzes the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) more than a decade after its inception.
1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that controversy surrounding NAFTA has been relatively continuous since its inception. The author points out that the five most hotly debated questions surrounding NAFTA are (1) has NAFTA been a success? (2) has the U.S. lost more jobs than it has gained?, (3) has immigration from Mexico slowed?, (4) what are the known benefits and costs? (5) has the state of Texas benefited? The paper states that, despite significant failures and flaws, the North American Free Trade Agreement has been very successful in its twelve-year history. The paper includes a statistical table.
From the Paper
"No trade agreement will be beneficial to everyone all the time. And while there certainly have been some losers in the wake of NAFTA, overall the effects have been positive. U.S. exports, for example, have risen significantly. This is a statistical benefit of the trade agreement. U.S. exports within NAFTA nations grew 103% between 1993 and 1998, while exports to all other nations increased at only half that rate. This is indicative of increased trade and, presumably, increased prosperity. However, studies written around the tenth anniversary of the trade agreement's inception reported different findings."
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NAFTA, 2007.
This paper discusses NAFTA and protectionism.
1,420 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that as U.S. deficits accelerate, advocates of protectionism use the data to fuel emotional support for their fight against free trade agreements such as NAFTA. But, the writer points out that to determine whether or not a trade policy is good or bad involves more than just exploring trade balances. The writer maintains that a more complex analysis that considers factors such as economic growth, foreign investment and the benefits of market specialization reveal that free trade has a net positive impact. NAFTA is no exception. With regards to the growing trade deficit, the writer notes that NAFTA simply accelerated the inevitable as the U.S. is forced to compete in an increasingly global marketplace. The writer concludes that therefore, the U.S. should continue to promote free trading by seeking out the signing of agreements such as NAFTA.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Discussion
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Increasing trade has been a success, but it is true that beneficiaries have been Mexico and Canada, not the U.S. In the first ten years of NAFTA, trade among the three countries more than doubled, from $306 billion to $621 billion in 2003 (USTR on NAFTA's tenth anniversary). During the same time, U.S. exports to Canada and Mexico grew from $142 billion to $263 billion. However, Mexican and Canadian exports to the U.S. have grown even faster, leaving a huge U.S. trade deficit with these countries. Before NAFTA, the U.S. maintained a modest trade surplus with Mexico. Now, the U.S. has a huge trade deficit with Mexico as Mexican exports to the U.S. grew 242% during the decade of NAFTA execution (USTR on NAFTA's tenth anniversary). And, the U.S. trade deficit with Canada has increased fivefold."
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NAFTA in Argentina, 2002.
Examines whether it is a wise economic move to expand the NAFTA agreement to include Argentina.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 7 sources, £ 42.95
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Abstract
Looking at the question of whether or not it is wise to admit Argentina into NAFTA, then, depends largely on what side of the coin one likes to look at. On an economic basis, there is some compelling logic that makes such a deal attractive. On a practical level, however, there are problems with the implementation of the NAFTA agreement. Bringing more countries into the foray simply adds more chefs to an already crowded kitchen. In the end, the proper course of action largely depends on the ultimate objectives of the agreement. If NAFTA is a stepping stone to increased multilateral trade consistent with the provisions of the WTO, then we should applaud the entry of Argentina into the mix. If, however, NAFTA is a move towards increased regionalization at the expense of broad multilateral trade, then it should be dissuaded.
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North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), 2004.
This paper discusses NAFTA, which established a free-trade zone in North America and was signed in 1992 by Canada, Mexico, and the United States. It took effect on Jan. 1, 1994.
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that NAFTA immediately removed tariffs on the majority of goods produced by the participating nations and set forth a plan for the gradual elimination, over a period of 15 years, of most remaining barriers to cross-border investment and to the movement of goods and services among the three countries. The author points out that, unlike the United States, Mexico's border communities have benefited from NAFTA, growing almost 10 times as fast as states in Mexico's south, while absorbing the lion's share of foreign investments. The paper concludes that calling NAFTA a ?trade? agreement is misleading; NAFTA is actually an investment agreement because its core provisions grant foreign investors a solid set of new rights and privileges that promote relocation abroad of factories and jobs and the privatization and deregulation of essential services, including water, energy, and health care.
From the Paper
"In 2000, California?s exports to Mexico totaled $14.4 billion, an increase of nearly 18 percent over the previous year, and Texas' shipments grew 5.5 percent to a total of $24.6 billion, according to Commerce Department figures (Lewis, 2004). Meanwhile, the United States continues to lure Mexican workers, many of whom came from rural communities when Mexico opened its markets to subsidized U.S. agricultural goods."
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