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N.O.A.A. Emergency Response to Oil Spills, 2006.
This paper discusses the responsibilities and actions of the N.O.A.A.
3,557 words (approx. 14.2 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 68.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that N.O.A.A. stands for National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and that the organization's main responsibility is to clean up mess made by oil spills in the ocean. In this paper, the writer examines issues regarding oil spills and discusses the tasks of the N.O.A.A.
Contents:
What is N.O.A.A.?
What is an Oil Spill?
History of Oil Spills.
How NOAA Responds to Spills?
What Kind of Chemicals Do they Use for Cleanup?
How Long Clean Up Takes?
How Tools Being Improved Such as High-pressure and Hot Water Washing?
What is Done for Oiled Animals?
Are there Precautions Taken Against Spills?
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Oil spreads rapidly especially when it is light and the water is wavy because it helps the oils to move faster and spreads out easily. But then when the oil is heavy such as black oil, the spread of it is so slow because they are contained together and the fluidity is sticky. The condition of the water also matters with the spread of the oil and the temperature also. When the weather is cold the oil are somewhat frozen and solid so the spread of it is slow. In terms of weather, when it is windy and there is storm, we are expecting the oil to spread quick and fast, and what is hard to clean up is they are not contained in one area, some of them can be found in different areas and can be found also in the shoreline thus damaging the corals and the animals in the water."
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An Emergency Requiring the Elimination of Emergency Law, 2005.
A look at how successive Egyptian leaders have used emergency law to deny the Egyptian people basic democratic rights.
2,222 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the history of emergency law in Egypt and how it has been used by almost every government in the last 60 years to deny the Egyptian people the right to freedom of speech and the right to form opposing political parties. The paper asserts that Egypt, in order to become a true democracy, as it claims it is, must eliminate emergency law so that the people of Egypt can truly practice the rights a democratic society is supposed to guarantee.
From the Paper
"Egypt may appear a calm country, not threatened by revolution, political instability or a rebellious population. However, the Egyptian government thinks otherwise. It apparently views the Egyptian people as rebellious, revolutionary and if given their right to freedom of expression, would drive the country to political instability. Therefore, a state of emergency exists in Egypt. Actually, as "Reading the Hieroglyphic" remarks "for all but eight of the past 61 years" Egypt has been under emergency law. Government after government and one political system after another has prevented Egyptians from the right to freedom of speech. Despite this, Egypt is said to be a democratic country. However, the fundamental elements of democracy is freedom of speech or expression and also allowing formation of opposing political parties. The 'democratic' Egyptian government is threatened by these elements as opposition may weaken its status and power. This law prevents freedom of speech and establishment of opposing parties, therefore, the government is using this law as a tool to grant it the upper hand and no one will even verbally criticize its actions. Although the government claims that the emergency law is a security measure for the benefit of the people, with reference to its history and the way it is being used proves that the purpose of this law is to maximize the power of the government to the extent that it can oppress the people and prevent any opposition; and consequently inhibit democracy. The emergency law is stifling democracy and development in Egypt."
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The Roles of the Three Levels of Government in Emergency Management During Hazardous Winter Weather, 2001.
A discussion of how the United States deals with states of emergency, what constitutes an emergency, how to deal with it and financial aid in the aftermath.
1,845 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 5 sources, £ 41.95
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Abstract
In the wake of the September 11th attacks, the author looks at how the United States is prepared to deal with emergency situations including not only acts of terrorism but also natural disasters. The author looks at the Stafford Act and the Federal Emergency Management Agency and what the brief is for these situations, with particular reference to financial relief. The author also looks at regulations for what constitutes a state of emergency, giving specific examples, and how various agencies and government bodies should respond.
From the paper:
?The severity of a natural winter disaster such as a blizzard affects the types of emergency relief called upon to prevent major damage. If the crisis is manageable on a purely local level, the city is mainly involved in plowing and spreading salt. If more physical aid is necessary, the state and county level must become involved to mobilize more equipment and human labor. Should an appeal for greater funding be necessary to address immediate damage from the federal government, the state may also be involved in such an appeal. This is particularly true, should more aid be necessary to help the victims of the emergency.?
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Industrial Plant Emergency Plan, 2007.
A description of the responsibilities of an emergency response team in the case of an industrial plant emergency.
2,023 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a general outline of an industrial plant emergency plan by describing the roles of various members of the response team. The situations in which the plan would be put into action are also detailed. The chain of command in determining when an emergency situation has occurred is highlighted along with the various responses the team may choose to take. The paper concludes that any changes in such a plan must be reviewed by the team manager.
Table of Contents:
Objectives
Scope
Organization
Emergency Initiation
Emergency Response Team (ERT)
Industrial Plant Emergency Task Force (IPETF)
Emergency Information Center (EIC)
Requirements of the Industrial Plan Emergency Plans and Procedures
Criminal, Terrorist and Bomb
Fire Protection Plan
Medical Emergency Response Plan
Earthquake and Flood Control Plan
Major Power Outage Plan
Information Security Plan
Other Plans and Basic Format of the Plans
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The ERT is responsible for the maximum protection of personnel, physical and digital assets and resources of the facility. The team shall remain in control of the emergency situation under the direction and management of the ERT Commander until the situation has been declared by the ERT Commander as contained or controlled. The ERT shall comprise members of the Industrial Security and Information Security Teams trained in various aspects of emergency planning and response procedures. They shall have undergone the following training (Community Emergency Response Team, 2007):..."
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Emergency Management, 2005.
A discussion on the process of emergency management and the characteristics of professional emergency managers.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how there are four phases of emergency management, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery after disasters. It stresses that a disaster plan can make the difference when it comes to the community's ability to respond and recover from a disaster. It also discusses how an emergency manager should establish and maintain rapport with the various departments, organizations and political leaders in the community he or she serves because good relationships and teamwork are essential when a disaster actually occurs.
From the Paper
"The knowledge an emergency manager posses can be the key to his or her effectiveness. Ideally, an emergency manager would have an unlimited amount of political, technical, and scientific information. In reality, a person can not be so "all know". Knowledge of federal, state and local laws and of regulations is a very important skill to posses. Emergency managers should also know the rules of policy making and implementation, identification of hazards and vulnerabilites present in the community and the ability to mitigate and prepare if a community's risks become a reality."
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Thrombolysis for Myocardial Infarction in Accident and Emergency, 2004.
A look at national standards for emergency cardiac care for patients entering the accident and emergency system.
5,690 words (approx. 22.8 pages), 53 sources, MLA, £ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the standards set by the National Service Framework for coronary heart disease regarding emergency cardiac care for patients presenting to the accident and emergency system at a hospital. The paper explains that these standards place a priority on aggressive management and providing early thrombolysis and that this type of treatment is controversial because it is questionable whether, given the suggested timeline and the need to differentiate from non-cardiac causes of chest pain, an adequate history and physical can be performed to prevent the administration of thrombolytics in patients where they are contraindicated. To further examine this topic, the paper gives a clear definition of acute myocardial infarction, looks at how to diagnose a patient with acute chest pain, explores the history, indications, and contraindications of thrombolysis, and reviews a multidisciplinary approach to thrombolytic administration.
From the Paper
"The definitive diagnosis of AMI is best obtained by following a standard chest pain protocol. Most accident and emergency wards have these in place. It is standard to initially obtain a 12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and begin cardiac monitoring. Patient?s routine laboratory studies include electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), complete blood count (CBC) and markers for myocardial injury (Creatinine Kinase isoenzyme-myocardial (CK-MB) or troponin). Normal serial CK values rule out an acute infarction but are negative in the setting of acute unstable angina. A slight rise in CK-MB or troponin indicates myocardial injury but is not specific for ischemic syndromes. Troponin assay is highly sensitive for identifying acute coronary syndromes. Troponin has longer half life in the system than CK-MB but is less specific for the identification of infarction as opposed to repeated episodes of myocardial ischemia. As the total CK greater than two times the upper ranges of normal is indicative of infarction it can be used as an adjunct in diagnosis ischemia versus infarction and also in determining the relative efficacy of reperfusion. Serum troponin may take up to six hours to become diagnostically sensitive enough (Dougan, 2001)."
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Emergency Action Plan, 2008.
This paper discusses developing and implementing a business emergency action plan.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that an emergency action plan is a written document required by certain Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards. The writer notes that there are several parts to a well-developed and OSHA-compliant emergency action plan. The writer points out that an employer must have a method by which to alert both employees and the proper authorities of the emergency at hand. The writer looks at elements required by OSHA for such plans. The writer then discusses the emergency action plan's implementation and evaluation.
Outline:
OSHA Requirements For Emergency Action Plans
Developing a Working Emergency Response Plan
Implementing the Plan
Evaluating the Plan
From the Paper
"Businesses must also have evacuation procedures and emergency escape route assignments in place in order to be OHSA compliant. Employees must understand who is authorized to order an evacuation and under what conditions an evacuation would be necessary. They must also know how to evacuate and which routes to take; although they are not required, exit diagrams are traditionally used to identify the escape routes that employees are to follow. Sometimes an important decision must be made when planning, such as whether or not employees should attempt to put out a small fire or leave it alone and evacuate. Evacuation procedures also often describe actions employees should take before evacuating, such as turning out lights and shutting windows. The inclusion of such details is up to the person in charge of designing a company's emergency action plan, but is not required by federal regulations."
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Emergency Disaster Planning, 2007.
A review of effective emergency disaster planning for families.
3,073 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the need for effective emergency disaster planning, particularly the storing of emergency kits. It details what should be included in the kits and lists books that can be read to help prepare the average family. The paper discusses past emergency situations in the United States and how the country should learn from those experiences. The paper concludes with excerpts from Patty Wipfler's article "Helping Our Children Deal with Shocking Events."
Table of Contents:
In Case of an Emergency
Ponder, Plan and Practice
General Emergency "Kit" Guidelines
Past Lessons
Current Considerations
Moving Forward
Somewhat Prepared?
From the Paper
"Think through specific needs and various scenarios. At work, it is a good idea to store several protein bars and a small backpack with toiletries, critical medication, some water and food. It's also a good ides to keep a small emergency disaster kit in a car," experts recommend."
"At home, along with an emergency kit or kits, determine a course of action for emergency and disaster situations. Know evacuation routes. Identify a place family members can meet if they are separated. Each family member needs to have an emergency contact list that includes names and phone numbers for immediate family members and also relatives who live out-of-town. It is a good idea to have two escape routes. One plan is needed for each person to get out of each room; the other, the best way to out of the house. Experts recommend that after the plan is mapped out, it is practiced on a regular basis. (Ibid.)"
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Emergency Response Plan, 2008.
A look at the emergency plans set up in North Carolina in the case of an emergency situation.
1,176 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the National Response Plan in North Carolina, set up to provide structures, resources, and capabilities to aid in the coordination of federal support to state, local, and tribal response managers. The author looks at the situation in the four counties of Chatham, Harnett, Lee and Wake.
Outline:
Chatham County, NC
Harnett County, NC
Lee County, NC
Wake County, NC
From the Paper
"If any incident occurs in North Carolina, the state has primary authority unless the incident falls under federal jurisdiction. Different levels of federal assistance can be made available, but the state always has jurisdiction for state and local government workers within the state, including state and local emergency responders (North Carolina Department of Labor, 2005, p. 2).
"Chatham County is a major retirement community in central North Carolina, and the area includes a number of health professionals who are potential volunteers. However, their knowledge of and participation in county health and emergency response operations is limited, given that their primary orientation is to the cultural/social attractions of Durham, Raleigh and Chapel Hill, which border Chatham. Chatham County is also largely rural, which also reduces the ability of health professionals to have participated in many emergency operations on a large scale. The County states that the local volunteer fire departments, and other volunteer emergency responders, tend to be long-time local residents and face increasing costs and regulations that make services difficult to maintain. These responders have no time and little motivation to open up to "outside" volunteers, and this could affect long-term sustainability for the volunteer emergency base (Chatham County MRC - In the Beginning, 2003, para. 5)."
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Emergency Planning, 2002.
This paper proposes an emergency operations plan for New York City in the light of 9/11.
910 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper presents a report as the hypothetical Director of Emergency Services for New York City. The supposed aim of the report is for it to be presented to the legislature, supporting a request for funding to upgrade the local emergency plan. The paper begins with an outline of the function of an emergency planning office, within the context of the emergency operations during 9/11. It then looks at the purpose of an emergency plan for the future. It explains the directives and guidelines contained in the proposed plan and elucidates its three-step implementation program. The paper concludes with important considerations for the proposed plan?s success.
From the Paper
"Before one can fully understand the need for a new emergency management plan one must have a grasp on what an emergency planning office does. An emergency planning office is charged with the responsibility of preparing for emergencies as well as acting once they occur. Emergencies can be caused by many factors including natural disasters, chemical spills and other emergencies that arise(Federal Emergency Management Association http://www.fema.gov/)."
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The New York City Emergency Plan, 2002.
A paper which discusses the way the N.Y.C. Emergency plan should be revised after it was put to the test on September 11th.
3,540 words (approx. 14.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper shows that currently the New York City Emergency Plan is solid and has been tested and re-tested many times over. The World Trade Tower bombing of September, 11, 2002 put the plan to the ultimate test. The paper discusses that, overall, the emergency plan worked very well, considering the size and scope of the emergency. However, it also brought out some areas in need of improvement. The paper shows that the key issues which need to be addressed are the need for secondary and tertiary backup plans for the command control center and hospital scheme. Also, it shows that it has become painstakingly clear, that even though the plan is in place, when the actual emergency occurred, police officers and other key authority figures did not know where to tell the public where to go or what to do. The paper discusses the potential disasters N.Y.C. might face and the steps taken to plan for them.
From the Paper
"The theme of the program will be a simple question, ?What would you do?? This question will be followed by a scenario involving a disaster. All ads will be designed to spark thoughts of the possibility of the occurrence suggested and evoke thoughts of what they would do if the same disaster struck right now. Information on certain disasters, such as hurricane and storm safety, fire safety, and other safety issues will be an integral part of this program. The ads are not supposed to invoke panic, but rather to alleviate it. Panic occurs when there is a lack of a plan of action. This advertising campaign is aimed at getting people to develop plans, where-ever they happen to be. People who have a plan do not panic as easily and will respond in a more efficient manner to unexpected events."
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Medical Emergency Management, 2007.
This paper discusses potential ethical violations in medical emergency management.
1,304 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses possible ethical violations and how they can potentially affect medical emergency operations from the point of view of an Emergency Operations Director. Ethical topics discussed include the following: bias in treatment (or lack of treatment); confidentiality issues; criminal activity versus confidentiality; medical research within an emergency care setting; and refusal of care. Also considered are ethical dilemmas such as who gets treated first in cases of multiple injured parties. The author concludes that effective triage plans be in place to ensure that personnel know when to focus on some patients versus others.
From the Paper
"Bias in emergency medical treatment is possible for numerous reasons. Common biases include prejudice based on of race, social status, or lifestyle choices (Nordquist 2006). Known involvement in criminal activity, such as drug use, might also affect a patient's ability to secure quality care, as might availability to health insurance. Finally, a patient's family's wishes might come into account, specifically in emergency care involving resuscitation or elderly patients."
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Emergency Management, 2008.
This paper discusses the changes in emergency management that resulted from hurricanes Andrew, Katrina and Rita.
1,832 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the poor responses to hurricanes Andrew and Katrina and analyzes some of the lessons learned. The paper also examines the changes implemented in the field of emergency management that include the strategic positioning of emergency resources, proper emergency housing and greater accountability.
Outline:
Introduction
Lessons Learned
Changes
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The likelihood of an emergency occurring is inevitable. Although prevention serves an important role in minimizing the severity of the emergencies that are experienced, prevention is not a guarantee emergencies won't be severe. For this reason, emergency management has been the topic of a great deal of debate in recent years. The emergency response to Hurricane Andrew and more recently Hurricane Katrina, have exposed many problems with the emergency response system in America ("Katrina Compounded"). These problems greatly hindered the response effort and thousands of American citizens suffered greatly in the aftermath of the aforementioned natural disasters."
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A Personal Emergency Story, 2007.
A personal account of a medical emergency and the valuable lesson learned.
833 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 0 sources, £ 20.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer describes her own medical emergency and the events leading up to the emergency. She describes the abdominal pains she suffered, the worsening symptoms, the false assurances of the doctor about the ailment, and the eventual visit to the emergency room. The writer reveals that, at the hospital, it was found that she had a sever kidney infection and had been within hours of losing her life. The writer then reveals that, from this experience, she acquired a new appreciation for her mother.
From the Paper
"Emergencies can occur suddenly in life or they can build to a climactic moment in which a person suddenly faces a desperate situation that must be resolved. At the young age of 28 I did not believe that I would be faced with a life-threatening situation. This was because in my mind serious health issues were only faced by the elderly and besides which, I thought, I had too many other things to do than be concerned with something as trivial as my health."
"At 28 I had a job, was consistently called upon to assist my family with various tasks and had an active social life. I rarely slept, ate whatever and whenever I could and coffee was my normal liquid nourishment. It was during that year, however, that I began to experience abdominal pain that was extremely severe; yet, only occasionally."
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