| Papers [1-14] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 8] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 —> | Search results on "MULTIFETAL PREGNANCY REDUCTION": |
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Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction:, 2002.
Analyzes Mark Evans' article, "Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction: Indications and Sequelae"
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the article "Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction: Indications and Sequelae" by Mark Evans. By revealing the findings of multifetal reduction, we can see how this helps to prevent deformity in multifetal births.
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Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension, 2008.
This paper discusses gestational diabetes and looks at whether there is a connection with pregnancy-induced hypertension.
1,838 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that gestational diabetes affects only a very small percentage of all pregnant mothers. The writer further notes that pregnancy-induced hypertension is found in about the same proportion of pregnant mothers as is gestational diabetes. The writer points out that weight gain during pregnancy predicts very high risk for gestational diabetes, along with other problems such as pregnancy-induced hypertension, Cesarean section and stillbirth. The writer provides a literature review and discusses whether there is a link between gestational diabetes and pregnancy-induced hypertension so that they can be treated together. The writer maintains that the treatment of women with gestational diabetes, along with health teaching, which involves dietary advice, blood glucose monitoring, and insulin therapy, results in a reduction of serious perinatal outcomes such as death or bone fracture. Other benefits include improved health-related quality of life among women with gestational diabetes, both during the antenatal period and three months after birth, as well as a possible reduction in the incidence of postnatal depression.
Outline:
Introduction
Background
Literature Review
Analysis
From the Paper
"Haakova and Cibula found in their retrospective study with data obtained from medical records that women who have polycystic ovary syndrome, which is a common endocrine disorder, that there are no important differences in the prevalence of gestational diabetes or of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Even though the two groups in the study were matched for age, weight, family history, and patient history, both gestational diabetes and hypertension were similar for those groups. However, as these researchers note, a high incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension has been found in several other studies of women with polycystic ovary syndrome, so that there may be a link between hyperinsulinaemia and hypertension during pregnancy.
"Lifestyle interventions also constitute the primary treatment for gestational diabetes."
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Teen Pregnancy Program Evaluation Plan, 2008.
Presents an evaluation plan for a teen pregnancy prevention program.
1,011 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines an evaluation plan for a teen pregnancy prevention program and lists all the program objectives of the teen pregnancy prevention program. The paper explains that the purpose of the program evaluation is to ensure that immediate, intermediate and long-term goals of the program are met. The paper also points out that the results of the evaluation are used to further improve the program effectiveness in achieving optimal outcomes. The paper also explains that the prevalent outcome of the program is to reduce teen age pregnancy through education, support, and involvement of the stakeholders such as parents, teachers, and peers.
Outline:
Introduction
Historical Evaluation of Teen Pregnancy
Challenges of Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program Evaluation
The Logic Model
Benefits of Using a Logic Model
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Planned Parenthood designed the logic model as a tool for visualizing new programs and preparing for evaluation. The objective of a teen pregnancy prevention program closely mirrors the format of a logic model. According to Julia Kohn of Planned Parenthood, a logic model is a visual representation of a program. It provides a simple description of the program theory and shows the relationship of what we put in (inputs), what we do (outputs), and what results (outcomes). A logical model depicts the "if-then" sequence of changes that a program intends to affect. The logic model is the core of program planning and evaluation. (Kohn 2008)."
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How Social Welfare Encourages Teen Pregnancy, 2002.
An overview of teen pregnancy in the United States today that examines the impact of social welfare programs on encouraging and maintaining the high rate of teen pregnancies.
2,909 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 59.95
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Abstract
While the pundits debate on the best way to educate young people about the risks associated with early pregnancies, tens of thousands of babies in the United States will continue to suffer from the physical and emotional problems associated with early teen pregnancies; the social welfare system appears to be contributing to this phenomenon. This paper provides an overview of teen pregnancy in the United States today and examines the impact of social welfare programs on encouraging and maintaining the high rate of teen pregnancies. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"Almost 80 percent of teen mothers eventually go on welfare which comprise more than 59 percent of the social welfare caseload. In fact, more than 75 percent of all unmarried teen mothers received welfare within five years of giving birth to their first child. The data for 1995 shows that 69 percent of births to teens in a five-year period were paid for by Medicaid or other government sources (?Adolescent Pregnancy and Childbearing in the U.S.,? 2001, 10). Teen pregnancies have also been associated with reduced educational attainment and employment opportunities. The research shows that less than one-third of teens who begin their families before age 18 ever complete high school. When compared to children born to women aged 20 and older, babies born to mothers aged 15-17 have poorer health, lower cognitive development, reduced educational attainments, and higher rates of behavior problems (?Adolescent Pregnancy and Childbearing in the U.S.,? 2001, 10-11). Although the teen pregnancy rate (the number of pregnancies per 1,000 teenage women) decreased to 101 in 1995 (the lowest level since 1975), nevertheless each year nearly one million American teenage women become pregnant, and four out of ten American teenage women become pregnant before the age of 20. During this same period, the outcome of teenage pregnancies has changed. Sixty-three percent of pregnant teenagers gave birth and 22 percent had abortions in 1995 compared to 1983 data which shows that 47 percent of teenagers gave birth and 43 percent had abortions (?Adolescent Pregnancy and Childbearing in the U.S.,? 2001, 2). The vast majority of teens who give birth prefer to keep their babies; in fact, fewer than 10 percent of teenagers who delivered babies chose adoption in 1995."
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Teen Pregnancy in Nevada, 2007.
A look at the problems concerning teen pregnancy in Nevada.
1,586 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of teen pregnancy and how the state of Nevada in particular has attempted to find solutions to this problem. The term teen pregnancy is defined and statistics presented. It looks at how Nevada has one of the highest teen pregnancy rates in the nation. Teens begin to have sex before the age of 16 and most teens who become pregnant report that they began having sex because their boyfriend wanted them to. It also discusses how reducing pregnancy in Nevada teens is important because of the negative social and financial impact that teen pregnancy has on the citizens of the state.
From the Paper
"At any given time in the state of Nevada there are at least 13 pregnant teens. Before one can begin to understand the impact teen pregnancy has on the nation and on the residents of Nevada one must first have an understanding of the definition of teen pregnancy. Teen pregnancy for the purpose of this paper and for the purpose of research is a female that resides within the state of Nevada and is between the ages of 10 and 17 years old. She has been confirmed as pregnant through an accepted medical test. Teen pregnancy is an important issue in the state of Nevada because of the impact the extrapolated issues bring to the residents of the state. Because of those negative results it is vital that the state get control of and reduce the number of teenage pregnancy(Nevada Teen Pregnancy http://health2k.state.nv.us/cah/factsandstats.doc). "
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The Pregnancy Resource Center, 2005.
This paper discusses the Pregnancy Resource Center (PRC), a Christian-value human service agency.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although they counsel young women about all options including pregnancy termination, the Pregnancy Resource Center (PRC) provides information, counseling and pregnancy testing but not abortions and offers services free or at a very low cost to clients, young and old. The author points out that PRC believes that the most common alternative to unwanted pregnancies is abstinence. The paper relates that the agency provides support to mothers who choose to keep and raise their children, everything from baby formula and diapers to maternity and baby clothing, car seats,and cribs to needy families and mothers.
From the Paper
"Funding is always a challenge in any community service organization such as this. PRC has a wide variety of creative funding and donation sources. They provide a donation button on their Web site, and have several local programs where citizens can donate a variety of equipment and funds. The ask for donations of baby and expecting mother necessities, such as baby bottles, clothing, formula, diapers, cribs, and more. They also encourage people to turn in their own cell phones for recycling. They receive $7 for each phone they collect and turn in to an organization that refurbishes them and donates them to needy organizations. They also have a program with the local Marble Slab Creamery ice cream store."
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Adolescent Pregnancy, 2005.
This paper discusses the prevalence and problems of adolescent pregnancy in the United States.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that many factors contribute to teen pregnancies and not all of them deal with the lack of knowledge of safe-sex: The absence of fathers as a positive male role-model in girls' lives, molestation, rape, incest and peer pressure. The author points out that many teen moms face a great deal of decisions from what to do with this new child, to finishing high school or to marry the father. The paper stresses that one of the biggest concerns of adolescent mothers is how her parents are going to react to the new member of the family especially if the new grandchild is to become a member of the household.
Table of Contents
Introduction: Realities of Teen Sexual Activity and Pregnancy
Statistics
Is Teen Pregnancy a Problem?
Why Children Are Having Children - Factors Contributing to Teen Pregnancy
Absence of Fathers
Molestation/Rape
Peer Pressure
Social Issues
Consequences
Reactions within Society
Fathers with 'Bad' Image
Preventing Teen Pregnancy
Abstinence
'Wait for Marriage'
Parental Involvement
Sex Education
Options for Teen Mothers
Options regarding the Baby
Abortion
Adoption
Raising the Child
School or No School
Marriage
Parents of 'Parents'
Feelings/Concerns
New Role as 'Grandparent'
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Preventing teen pregnancy can be achieved through many different ways. Not only is parental involvement key, but the idea of having sex education in schools also helps to educate young people about the risks involved with having sex, along with the possibility to getting pregnant. Waiting for marriage has grown to becoming a popular view amongst many teens today. This important message sets boundaries for many adolescents as they realize the consequences of becoming teen parents. Besides teaching 'no sex,' many are taught about 'safe sex.' The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concluded in a recent report that there has been a decrease in sexual activity and an increase in contraceptive use, contributing almost equally to the decline in adolescent pregnancy since the 1990s. The researchers reported that efforts to prevent pregnancy in adolescents should continue to focus on delaying the onset of sexual activity and increasing the use of effective contraceptives."
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Teen Pregnancy in the United States, 2004.
An in-depth look at the social problems relating to adolescent pregnancies in America today.
3,410 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
Adolescent pregnancy has long been a societal concern, but in the past decade, this issue has become one of the most frequently cited examples of the perceived societal decay in the United States. This paper shows that, despite the recent decline in teen birth rates, pregnancy in this group remains a significant problem in America, and it is a problem that impacts nearly every community. The paper argues that the responsibility to solve this problem lies with all of us, including families, communities, and young people themselves. The paper includes a graph.
Table of Contents
Introduction and Problem of Teen Pregnancy
Teen Pregnancy and Risk Factors
Economics, Poverty, Social Issues and Teen Pregnancy
Media and Teen Pregnancy
Adolescent Birth Rates
Perspectives: Conservative, Centrist and Liberals
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The younger the teenage mother is, the higher the chances are that she and her baby will have health problems. This is mainly due to late prenatal care (if any) and poor nutrition. (21) An adolescent mother and her baby may not get enough nutrients and, because the mother's body is not fully mature, she may have many complications throughout the duration of the pregnancy. (22) Along with the mother, the children of teenage parents too often become part of a cycle of poor health, school failure, and poverty."
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Sawhill and Teen Pregnancy, 2006.
This paper provides an analysis of Sawhill's policies on the prevention of teen pregnancy.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at how Sawhill builds her case for the policies she puts forth regarding the prevention of teen pregnancy. The writer shows how Sawhill first begins her work by establishing the issue and her reasoning behind focusing on teen pregnancy which statistically appears to be a declining problem in the United States. The writer then looks at how she examines the points that support a declining teen pregnancy population as well as factors which indicate that this is not necessarily a reality.
The writer demonstrates that Sawhill continues to build her case by examining the efforts that have been made by a variety of entities, to include government and community groups, to prevent teen pregnancy in the country. Further the writer shows that through analysis of previous research and facts Sawhill makes determinations on these efforts, and then uses these facts to formulate recommendations on the issue. Sawhill's recommendations are then presented.
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Teen Pregnancy, 2008.
A discussion on the epidemiology approach to studying the phenomenon of teen pregnancy.
1,210 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses data from various sources including the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBSS) by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which provides current data every two years about the prevalence of health risk behaviors, including sexual behaviors of high school students' grades 9-12. The author points out that distribution, determinants, negative and positive outcomes and prevention programs are all included in current epidemiological studies. The paper also relates that the surveillance of prevention programs are conducted periodically to provide data to improve prevention programs such as polling parents to gather data for future curriculum changes in pregnancy prevention.
Table of Contents:
Epidemiological Data Collection
Elements of Epidemiology
Pregnancy Prevention Programs
Current Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program Statistics
Future Considerations for Pregnancy Prevention Programs
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The initial data collected for epidemiological studies in teen pregnancy mostly identified the issue and collected information about the risk factors and participants. Program evaluation is a continuous process of measuring effectiveness of programs. Prevention programs should include content to address primary prevention, or preventing first time pregnancies, and secondary prevention, or unplanned pregnancies occurring after the first pregnancy."
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Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy, 2008.
This paper explores the incidence of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy and the health risks involved.
2,398 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the demographic and epidemiological changes in society that have lead to an increased risk of diabetes simultaneously with pregnancy. The paper relates that diabetes mellitus occurring simultaneously with pregnancy is a risk factor that is multi-causal and can put mother and child at increased risk for severe and even fatal complications. The paper explains in detail the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus in its various forms and its implications for the pregnancy and fetus.
Outline:
Abstract
Introducton
Pathophysiology
Clinical Symptoms
Lab Findings
Implications for Pregnancy
Implications for the Infant
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus is described by some as epidemic in proportion. The concern regarding the disease is often linked to the increased incidence of refined foods, and especially sugars, as well as increased reports of sedentary living, that are both associated with the modern world. Increases in such behavioral concerns, as the above compounded by the fact that there is a positive link between overweight and obesity (also caused by poor nutrition and sedentary lifestyle) increases the incidence of one of the several types of diabetes mellitus."
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Ending Teen Pregnancy, 2005.
A look at how best to reduce the rate of teen pregnancy.
894 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper points out that, while the teen pregnancy rate is declining, it is still a significant societal problem that must be addressed. The paper further points out that previous methods of reducing the teen pregnancy rate typically targeted teenage females only and did not include the male counterpart; this approach makes efforts to reduce the teen pregnancy rate less effective. Instead, the paper argues that the teen pregnancy rate will dramatically decline if both male and female teens are encouraged to take a more active role in their romantic relationships so that they will more readily discuss the use of contraceptive with their potential sexual partner.
From the Paper
"Although teen pregnancy rates are at a historic low, teen pregnancies still occur at alarming rates ("U.S. Pregnancy Rate Down from Peak; Births and Abortions on the Decline"), and America still has the highest teen pregnancy rate of any major industrialized nation (Hunt). For the teens experiencing those pregnancies, there is little consolation in the fact that the national trend is towards lower teen pregnancy rates. Therefore, the challenge for a successful teen pregnancy prevention program is targeting those teens that are most at risk of becoming sexually active and possibly pregnant. Because research suggests that the majority of teens consider themselves as part of a couple when they engaged in their first sexual activity (Ryan), pregnancy-prevention efforts should be aimed at teens involved in relationship."
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Teenage Pregnancy, 2004.
A discussion of teenage pregnancy as a deviant behavior.
2,464 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper covers the definition of deviance and explains why teenage pregnancy is considered a deviant behavior, as well as the consequences of such labeling. It shows how, today, most Americans believe teenage pregnancy is deviant or goes against societal norms and describes how this norm is changing. It also discusses the way that Americans view teenage sexuality differs considerably from other countries, such as France, Germany, and Holland, and how in these three countries, early sexuality is much more acceptable. Finally, it provides some suggestions of what can be done to improve the teenage pregnancy situation.
From the Paper
"Sociologists Earl Rubington and Martin S. Weinberg note that the definition of deviance differs as much as what can be deviant and approach the topic in an alternate way. They see two main schools of thought: deviance as objective reality and deviance as subjective experience. Those who adhere to the objective approach stress the importance of norms and values of any given society at the structural level, with any differentiation from these considered deviant. This perspective is based on three assumptions: 1) there is consensus throughout society concerning norms and values and thus deviance is easily recognized; 2) deviance generally evokes negative sanctions against and attitudes toward the deviants and their actions; and 3) the punishment of the deviant reaffirms for the group that they are bound by common norms and values."
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Harm Reduction and Substance Abuse, 2008.
A look at the use of harm reduction to minimize the harmful consequences of personal drug use and associated high-risk behaviors.
4,014 words (approx. 16.1 pages), 19 sources, APA, £ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how harm reduction is a theoretical model which has been proposed to address the harm which is caused by the behavior of an individual, not only to themselves, but also to the wider community. In particular, it looks at how the model has also provided a potential framework for dealing with substance abuse, and has been adopted in practice in many countries around the world. This paper examines the principals behind the theoretical model, and how these can be applied to successfully treat substance abusers. Specific applications of the model are also examined to determine how successful certain strategies have been in reducing harm, and how any limitations could be overcome to improve future implementations.
Outline:
Theoretical Model
Environmental Effects on the Individual
Time Orientation of Model
Applications of the Model
Strengths and Limitations
Harm Reduction Model and Substance Abuse
Basic Principles of Harm Reduction in Substance Abuse
Major Guidelines and Tools for Assessment
Syringe Exchange Program
Strengths and Limitations of Model
Conclusions
From the Paper
"However there are certain principles to the theory of harm reduction which are generally agreed. Harm reduction is an approach or strategy rather than an actual goal, the aim of which is to reduce or eliminate the negative consequences of drug use rather than eliminate the actual drug use itself. There is an emphasis on the aim of reducing the adverse consequences among individuals who cannot be expected to cease their drug use at the present time for various reasons (Riley et al., 1999). The underlying philosophy to harm reduction is that the practitioner approaches the client in a nonjudgmental manner and works to help the client meet goals which have been established personally by the client (Bradley-Springer, 1996). In the harm reduction model, the rights of the individual are of prime importance, which include the client's rights to dignity and the right to make personal decisions. Harm reduction includes a holistic, incremental and multidimensional approach to decreasing risks for individuals and communities (Bradley-Springer, 1996). Although the model of harm reduction is contradictory to the traditional abstinence model, it may however be compatible with the eventual goal of abstinence. The model proposes that social support, health assistance, education and disease prevention measures should be maximized for all. "
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