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Multiculturalism in Canada: The Role of Education, 2005.
A look at the role of education in multicultural Canada.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper examines current sociopolitical attitudes in Canada about cultural diversity, which are generally conducive for achieving a Canadian society that fully accepts multiculturalism. Unfortunately, progress is not being made at an even pace in all areas of the country. It looks at how, in order to address this, Canada's national education system should take the lead in setting a multicultural example for the entire country.
From the Paper
" It is evident that current sociopolitical attitudes in Canada are generally conducive for achieving a Canadian society that fully accepts multiculturalism, but progress is certainly not being made at an even pace in all areas of the country. In order to address this, Canada's national education system should take the lead in setting a multicultural example for the entire country. This can be achieved by cultivating multicultural awareness and acceptance in Canadian classrooms through course content and curricula, while emphasizing that cultural diversity is a beneficial reality that needs to be understood and accepted, not a problem that needs to be resolved. "
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Multiculturalism in Canada, 2007.
An analysis of the value of the government's multicultural policy in Canada.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper critically examines the complexity of negotiating cultural differences in Canada in the context of multiculturalism. It outlines the origins of the government's multiculturalism policy and discusses the criticism of the policy in practice. The paper argues that while the policy has undeniably been of value in supporting a multi-ethnic society in Canada, it has also often served to accentuate cultural differences rather than provide a mechanism for bridging these difference.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Beginnings of Multiculturalism
Negotiating Difference: Multiculturalism's Discontents
From the Paper
"In this analysis, it is clear that multiculturalism has been flawed both conceptually and in its practical implementation. This being said, however, the question of its ultimate effectiveness must be decided in its favour. As even its critics have noted, official multiculturalism policies actually costs the Canadian government only about $30 million a year; a cost that is far outweighed by its benefits for the Canadian body politic (Bissoondath 1994). The reality in Canada today is that while racism and prejudice remain concerns, Canada has never developed the ghettoes nor the apparently intractable racism that seems to be a constant of United States society. Instead, while Canadians do not always communicate well across cultural/racial boundaries, the toxicity and hatreds that may be encountered in other societies do not seem to be relevant here (Fleras 1992). As a result, it must be concluded that while multiculturalism is not perfect, it has yielded considerable benefits in easing tensions and promoting some degree of understanding in our complex, multi-ethnic society."
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Views on Multiculturalism in Canada, 2007.
Discusses two different articles on diversity: "The Myth of Canadian Diversity" by Sarah Norton and Brian Green and "Marginalization" from Neil Bissoondath's book 'Selling Illusions: The Cult of Multiculturalism'.
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the idea of diversity within Canada is a hot topic issue, which has been highly criticized and advocated. The writer notes that the articles "The Myth of Canadian Diversity" and "Marginalization" both show two different viewpoints on multiculturalism in Canada and express them using two different styles of argument. The writer explains that "The Myth of Canadian Diversity" argues that the diversity people believe exists in Canada, caused by the large immigrant population arriving in Canada every year, is actually untrue because immigrants assimilate very quickly, creating a homogeneous Canadian society. The paper then discusses Neil Bissoondath work, which argues that Canada's multiculturalism policy actually leads to the alienation of different cultures. The writer maintains that both of these viewpoints also display different styles in presenting and validating an argument.
From the Paper
"The article The Myth of Canadian Diversity discusses the myths that Canadians hold about their country. Canadians believe that Canada is a young country, that Canada has a small population and therefore is small economically, and that the diversity in Canada makes the country difficult to govern. The argument made by the author is that although Canada does have many diverse people coming into the country they quickly assimilate. The arguments made are heavily supported by facts and expert opinion, in this way the argument appeals to the reader's common sense. The two Canadian myths regarding the age of the country and the small population creating a small economy are disputed by the fact that most countries came into existence after Canada, have smaller populations, and are actually economically weaker then Canada, which ranks seventh in the world."
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Multiculturalism in Canada and Same-Sex Relationships, 2002.
Canada's position on Gay & Lesbian Rights as an example of multiculturalism policy.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
Canada's policies on Gay and Lesbian rights are direct examples of canada's cultural policies, which fit in under the greater heading of multiculturalism. The paper discusses the history of multiculturalism policy, the history of gay and lesbian rights in Canada, and concludes by stating what Canada's policies say about the role of the state in Canada.
From the Paper
"Multicultural policy issues concerning French-English relations and Aboriginal policy have continued to make the political agenda since the introduction of multicultural policy in Canada. There have been issues of Quebec separatism and Aboriginal groups continue to launch land claims and fight for self-government. However, for the purposes of this paper, a more recent and current multiculturalism policy will be discussed. Sexual orientation policy, and more specifically, same-sex marriage policy, is a topic on the current Government?s political agenda (Brooks, 1998). The issue is a matter of whether or not same-sex couples should be allowed to enter into legally recognized marriages, and more broadly, what the government?s role in marriage should be. The topic has been brought to the political agenda through a number of methods, including pressure from interested lobby groups, international policies of western European countries, and most importantly, rulings of the Canadian judiciary. Recent court rulings have essentially forced the Federal government to examine the issue of same-sex marriage. In 1998, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled in M.v.H. that the Ontario Family Law Act?s definition of spouse was in violation of s.15 of the Charter by not including same-sex partners. The Court changed the definition of spouse in the Ontario FLA to include same-sex partners and urged governments across the nation to update all legislation concerning the definition of ?spouse? in order to avoid litigation and similar rulings (Sanders, 1994). As a result of the Supreme Court?s ruling, the Government introduced Bill C-23, the Modernization of Benefits and Obligations Bill that changed the definition of spouse to include same-sex common law partners. In July of 2002, the Ontario Superior court ruled in ?the Banns? case that the restriction of marriage to heterosexual couples was in violation of the Charter and declared 2 same-sex marriages performed at Toronto?s MCC to be legal. The Ontario government passed on appealing the decision stating that marriage fell under the jurisdiction of the Federal Government and therefore, only the federal government could decide who can marry. The Federal Government requested a delay in submitting an appeal on the case in order to examine the issue further. In November of 2002, the Justice Minister submitted a discussion paper on the issue of Marriage and the legal recognition of same-sex unions, in which he outlined four possible solutions that the government could take on the issue."
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Multiculturalism and Citizenship in Canada, 2002.
How the issue of multiculturalism is tied in to the issue of citizenship in Canada.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 1 source, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of multiculturalism and citizenship, based on the Canadian situation, and is based on the following article: Jones, B.M. (2000). Multiculturalism and Citizenship: The Status of 'Visible Minorities' in Canada. Canadian Ethnic Studies. 32(1).
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Multiculturalism in Canada, 2008.
This paper argues against multiculturalism as the Canadian official policy.
2,655 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how multiculturalism can cause more divisiveness than unity. The paper examines myths of multiculturalism and explains how it exaggerates differences between groups, as opposed to promoting a sense of shared humanity. The paper looks at multiculturalism as a low political development to promise ongoing distinction and isolation, as opposed to fostering efforts to adapt, learn and become Canadian.
Outline:
Introduction
Multiculturalism as Presented
Where Do the 'Non-Ethnic' Fit In?
Myths of Multiculturalism
Multiculturalism and the Ease of Life for 'Whites'
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Supporters of official multiculturalism suggest that it is a mandatory requirement for all advanced democracies in the 21st century. (Kymlicka:1995) If one views the model of globalization and high mobility, multiethnic and multiracial communities forming across the world, one believes that multiculturalism's regard for difference will allow this interaction to be harmonious. However, detractors refer to a 'mosaic madness' that cannot possibly achieve the ideal wanted and also point to questionable points attached to Multiculturalism of which some supporters may be less aware. (See Bibby:1990) Canadians can fail to see the strong role played by multiculturalism's official communities in electoral processes, in effect, 'buying' blocs of ethnic community votes. This has been discussed popularly as a 'divide and conquer' approach that minimizes integration into mainstream politics as the newcomer is encouraged to rely upon the organized community as its source of political advice. Policy that is meant to glorify difference and diversity may actually create distinction, if not prejudice, in that there is less incentive for members of different communities to mix, find common ground, to view one another as fellow Canadians, regardless of their different origins."
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Multiculturalism and Education, 2007.
A discussion on how teachers can promote a multicultural perspective in their teaching.
1,099 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how stereotypes and myths about various ethnic groups often begin in early childhood, and therefore the early childhood educator stands at a particularly potent place in a child's development. The paper explores how multicultural perspectives extend beyond ethnicity and culture, and also includes gender and disabilities. The paper concludes that curriculum changes will eventually reflect a multicultural perspective, through a reexamination of textbook material and standardized tests. Until then, teachers can do a lot to promote multiculturalism in their classrooms.
From the Paper
"Once teachers are in the classroom they can work to actively change the educational paradigm toward one governed by a multicultural perspective. There are many ways educators can teach with a multicultural perspective, and the methods will vary greatly depending on the demographics of the school, the subject specialties of the teacher, and the individual teaching style. Educators based in culturally diverse or multilingual areas of the country can capitalize on the visible diversity of their region by actively incorporating information about the various ethnicities represented at the school or community."
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Canada and Multiculturalism, 2005.
This paper compares various views on Canada and multiculturalism.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines and contrasts various views on Canada and multiculturalism. The writer discusses the view that Canada is a mosaic compared to the view that deep conflicts exist between the French and English, and the Inuit Indians.
From the Paper
"Politicians and sociologists alike often use the metaphors of a melting pot, a garden or a mixed salad to describe nations that are essentially multicultural and diverse. These metaphors were given a new twist by Canadian Prime Minister, Sir Wilfrid Laurier, at the start of the twentieth century. Laurier described visiting a magnificent cathedral in England that was made of marble oak and granite. It is the image of the nation that I would like to see Canada to become. For here I want ... "
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Education, Multicultural Diversity and Nationalism, 2002.
A discussion on whether education in Canada provides for multicultural diversity and nationalism.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 9 sources, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the question of multicultural diversity and nationalism of education in Canada. In Canada, an especially in Toronto, there are many different races and ethnic groups. Each group has its own beliefs, values, traditions, and patterns of behavior. As a result, there is great multicultural diversity in Canada.
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Multicultural Education, 2007.
An analysis of the ways that multicultural education has been integrated into the school curriculum in the US and how these techniques have worked.
2,288 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that multicultural education has had significant positive effects on the educational system in the United States. The paper provides an overview of multicultural education. It then examines various ways that multicultural education has been integrated into various parts of the school curriculum and reflects on how these techniques have worked. The paper then examines case studies showing successful application of multicultural education and gives suggestions on how multicultural education can be further integrated towards a successful education for all of America's children.
Table of Contents:
Multicultural Education
Multiculturalism in the Classroom
Continuing Challenges
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Multicultural education can take on a different level in the college setting, wherein the learning communities provide a safe space for interaction between different students. These interactions can give students chances to disagree and voice their diverse opinions, and give students chances to learn from one another in creative and meaningful ways. For example, a writing teacher reported great success in an exercise where students were asked to write and share regarding the origins of their names and the resulting perceptions that such names engendered. In an Art Lab class, students wrote and shared about their personal experiences with various art forms like music and dance. Such interactions helped the students connect with one another on both aesthetic and emotional levels (Yamane 2001)."
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What is Multicultural Education?, 2007.
The paper explores the challenge of defining multicultural education.
1,051 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that there are many complex issues that have to be taken into account in order to attempt a definition of multicultural education. The paper points out that multicultural education intersects by necessity with many other controversial issues, such as integration as well as social structure and transformation. The paper highlights the opposing views on what is multicultural education and discusses foundation points that almost all educationists and role players agree on. The paper concludes that if educationists are united in the meaning of multicultural education, there is a better chance of overcoming the challenge of defining multicultural education.
From the Paper
"Studies also show that educationists and teachers often differ in their views and definitions on this subject. "It is rare that any two classroom teachers or education scholars will have the same definition for multicultural education. As with any dialogue on education, individuals tend to mold concepts to fit their particular focus." (Multicultural Education) This view points out that due to its changing and transformational character, and the various factors and implications that it carries with it, there is no one easy and universally acceptable definition of the term multicultural education."
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Multicultural Education: James A. Banks, 2001.
A review of James A Banks' ideas on multicultural education.
1,484 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
Opponents of multicultural education today often have many misconceptions. This paper examines how James A. Banks addresses many of these concerns, mostly affecting teachers and others influencing education. It looks at how he states that many think that multicultural education is especially for the victimized minority groups and how he also focuses on the idea that multicultural education is opposed to western tradition. The paper also discusses how he deals with the concern that multicultural education will divide the nation and how he addresses concerns teachers have in employing a multicultural curriculum.
From the Paper
"The second type of knowledge is popular knowledge. These are values and knowledge that are enforced by the mass media and popular culture. Banks borrows a term from Carlos Cortes in describing this, and names it the "societal curriculum" (2000, p. 113). This includes movies and television, which studies have proven to be very influential in childhood. The American Psychological Association recently studied the effect of television on children's behavior. The link between behavior and television occurs in the same ratio as smoking does to cancer. (Garbarino, 2001, p. 58) This alarming rate shows the immense influence that watching television has on students."
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Teacher Attitudes and Multicultural Education, 2007.
An analysis of the impact of teacher attitudes toward multicultural education on student achievement.
4,803 words (approx. 19.2 pages), 18 sources, MLA, £ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews an extensive amount of literature regarding the achievement of culturally diverse students and the impact on this achievement of the attitudes of teachers toward these students, or specifically, the expectations that teachers hold in relation to the achievement potential of these students. The paper further looks at how failure to properly educate and prepare teachers for the multicultural education classroom leaves too many unanswered questions in the instructional provision relating to attitudes based on myth or falsehoods, misconceptions or misrepresentations. Additionally, the paper contends that it is critical that teachers be effectively educated with regard to their attitude prior to their entry into the multicultural classroom.
Outline:
Objective
Multicultural Education Defined
Cultural Differences and the Construction of Meaning
Overview of Current State of Affairs
Identified Barriers to Student Achievement
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The research conducted by Padilla and Lindholm has purported three: "major identifiable assumptions" relating to the education of ethnic minorities identified as follows: (1) The white middle-class American is the standard used for comparison of other groups to (typically this is the male); (2) Instruments used for assessment of differences are universally applicable "across groups, with perhaps only minimal adjustments for culturally diverse populations; and (3) Although a need exists for recognition of the sources of potential variance such as social class, educational attainment, gender, cultural orientation, and proficiency in English, these are nuisances that can later be discarded (1995, p. 97)." (McCue, nd) "
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Multicultural Education in the Early Years, 2002.
This paper examines the importance of multicultural education for the development of language skills in the early years of education.
1,358 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the issue of multiculturalism and its connection to teaching students for whom English is a second language. It examines two main schools of thought. One believes that although schools should recognize the diversity of cultures in our midst, the primary goal of education should be to teach all children to speak English fluently, as soon as possible, and to make sure they are solidly grounded in mainstream American culture. An alternate view is that instructional approaches should support the development of the primary language and understanding of the primary culture rather than acculturation to mainstream culture.
From the Paper
"Over the past few decades, the United States has become a country of markedly more diverse subcultures than ever before. At the same time, educators have grown in their understanding and appreciation of the richness that diversity can bring to the educational environment. In spite of this, little research has gone into the effects of language instruction on the cultural development and understanding of students for whom English is a second language. The value of multicultural education is recognized at all levels of education in our country. Recognition of cultural differences as an enriching fact does exist in preschool. However, some educators concerned with the needs of ?second culture? children believe that culture and language cannot be separated, and that cultural diversity that eliminates the child?s primary language is inherently distorting (Phillips & Crowell, 1999a)."
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