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"The Monroe Doctrine", 2005.
An examination of the "Monroe Doctrine", 19th century American president James Monroe's speech written by John Quincy Adams.
1,251 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the "Monroe Doctrine" and the principles that were established by this statement of policy. "The Monroe Doctrine? set as policy certain principles that have been adhered to by U.S. administration in regards to events in other countries. This paper explores the original intents of ?The Monroe Doctrine? and to what extent that adherence is given in the present and what implications that has in regards to future foreign relations.
From the Paper
"James Monroe was the United States President during the period of the creation of ?The Monroe Doctrine". Monroe, served two terms during the period that has been labeled the "Era of Good Feelings". The 19th Century witnessed significant changes and adjustments in view of global relationships and added a new dimension to the nation as well as the world at large. During this time Monroe made his famous speech, written by John Quincy Adams, which came to be known as ?The Monroe Doctrine?. "
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The Monroe Doctrine: A Weak Assertion of Independence, 2002.
This paper looks at the Monroe Doctrine of 1823 and discusses its significance in the path for American independence.
1,215 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
In this paper, a history of the reasons and need for the Monroe Doctrine are thoroughly examined. The Doctrine was a powerful statement but the U.S. had very little power of enforcement. Reasons behind this are discussed. This paper also shows how the Monroe Doctrine appeared on the surface to be an American declaration of independence from a colony-hungry Europe but in fact the document had many weaknesses.
From the Paper
"By the early 1800s, America was becoming its own country and trying to separate itself from Europe. The United States wanted to prevent future colonization of the Americas by European countries and attempted to accomplish this by issuing the Monroe Doctrine. The Monroe Doctrine of 1823, designed to discourage European nations from colonization that would threaten America, was merely a declaration of America?s independence, not a demonstration of it."
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The "Monroe Doctrine": Implications for Foreign Policy, 2005.
A look at the "Monroe Doctrine" and how it has influenced and continues to influence U.S. foreign policy.
1,145 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the "Monroe Doctrine" and the principles that were established by this statement of policy. The paper explores the original intents of ?The Monroe Doctrine? and to what extent adherence is given to the Doctrine in the present and what implications that adherence has in regards to future foreign relations.
From the Paper
"South America and the United States, having very little in common in aspects of government, religion, or race did little trading or traveling between during the time of the 18th Century. This period was witness to war in South America between Napoleonic forces, King Ferdinand and revolutionaries within the South American countries. Spain and France were speaking of joining together in a war on the new Latin American republics that were Chile, Peru, Argentina, Colombia and Mexico. This prompted Britain to request that the U.S. join with them against Spain and France."
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U.S. Foreign Policy, 1776-1830, 1999.
A look at the evolution of the policy, focusing on origins, purpose and impact of the Monroe Doctrine, colonialism, nationalism, neutrality, isolationism and intervention, during the years 1776-1830.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 8 sources, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses whether the Monroe Doctrine formed part of a coherent and consistent American foreign policy during the period 1776 to 1830. The Monroe Doctrine was issued in reaction to a specific set of circumstances related to American perceptions of threatened intervention by European powers in North and South America. It, nevertheless, reaffirmed and was consistent with mainstream themes of American foreign policy since the American Revolution, namely, the avoidance of entanglement of the United States in the affairs of the rest of the world, except as required for the protection of its commercial interests and its own defense against attack. It reflected American commitment to the ideals of the Revolution
From the Paper
"MONROE DOCTRINE AND U. S. FOREIGN POLICY (1776-1830)
This research paper discusses whether the Monroe Doctrine formed part of a coherent and consistent American foreign policy during the period 1776 to 1830. The Monroe Doctrine was issued in reaction to a specific set of circumstances related to American perceptions of threatened intervention by European powers in North and South America. It, nevertheless, reaffirmed and was consistent with mainstream themes of American foreign policy since the American Revolution, namely, the avoidance of entanglement of the United States in the affairs of the rest of the world, except as required for the protection of its commercial interests and its own defense against attack. It reflected American commitment to the ideals of the Revolution, individual liberty and a republican form of government. In ..."
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U.S. Foreign Policy, 2005.
An examination of the impact of the Monroe Doctrine and the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty on foreign policy in the U.S. at the time.
660 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 16.95
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Abstract
This paper shows that the Monroe Doctrine established and stabilized American foreign policy. It explains that, by using the treaty signed by President Clayton as an example, it was rejected by the rest of America due to the absolute disregard for the principles of the Monroe Doctrine.
From the Paper
"?The Monroe Doctrine? had been the dominating principle held in U.S. Foreign Relations from the time of the enunciation by President Monroe. In 1850 a treaty agreeing that the U.S. or Great Britain neither one would neither one occupy or fortify any part of Central America. Inclusive in this treaty were that neither one should exercise any dominion over, use political influence in or attempt to obtain rights or advantages in the area of canal navigation."
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James Monroe, 2006.
A biography of President James Monroe, 5th president of the USA.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper is a biography of President James Monroe, noting his achievement and his lasting influence in American life. The paper focuses specifically on the important statement in the Monroe Doctrine, asserting the interests of the United States and warning European powers to keep away. He was also President when various battles began over the continuation of slavery, leading at the time to a compromise that left slavery to the South and eliminated it from the North.
From the Paper
"James Monroe was the fifth President of the United States, serving two terms from 1817 to 1825. His importance in American history centers largely on his formulation of what would become known as the Monroe Doctrine asserting the interests of the United States in matters taking place in this hemisphere and warning European powers to keep away. He was also President when various battles began over the continuation of slavery, leading at the time to a compromise that left slavery to the South and eliminated it from the North. Monroe was born on April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He would graduate from William and Mary, and he served in the army during the first years of the Revolution and was wounded at Trenton. After the revolution, he entered Virginia politics and later national politics under the sponsorship of Thomas Jefferson. In 1786, he married Elizabeth Kortright ("James Monroe" para. 1)."
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Forum Non Conveniens Doctrine, 2005.
Discusses the background and history of the common-law doctrine of forum non conveniens.
4,237 words (approx. 16.9 pages), 50 sources, APA, £ 77.95
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Abstract
In its purest form, the doctrine of forum non conveniens permits a court to deny jurisdiction of a matter where principles of justice and convenience favor dismissal. This paper discusses the background and history of the common-law doctrine of forum non conveniens, how the doctrine found its way into federal law, and how it eventually came to be used as a bar to lawsuits by foreign plaintiffs in the United States. The paper then discusses some of the arguments advanced by opponents of forum non conveniens, and the suggestions they have made to correct the perceived inequities of the doctrine. Finally, the paper identifies some important issues that remain undecided under the modern doctrine.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
History and Background of the Foreign Non Conveniens Doctrine
History of the Doctrine of Forum Non Conveniens
Private and Public Interest Factors Developed In Gulf Oil Corp. v. Gilbert
Forum Non Conveniens Almost Goes Extinct
The Modern "International" Doctrine of Foreign Non Conveniens
Forum Non Conveniens Re-Emerges and Goes International
Change of Law Loses Importance
The Two-Part Forum Non Conveniens Test
Application of the Modern Forum Non Conveniens Doctrine
Problems with the "New" Application of the Forum Non Conveniens Doctrine
Alternatives to the Forum Non Conveniens Doctrine
Other Issues Identified by Federal Courts
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Probably the best and most realistic way to fix the perceived inequity of the forum non conveniens doctrine is for the United States Supreme Court to provide federal courts with a little more guidance on the rule, and to relax the harsh effects that it has been found to have. Although the Piper court claimed that part of the value of the doctrine was its flexibility, the current standards are a little too flexible, and allow courts to dismiss cases brought by foreign plaintiffs too easily. American courts should take responsibility for enforcing justice where justice is due, instead of continuously worrying about how many cases are on the docket."
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The Doctrine of Constructive Resignation, 2006.
A critical analysis of the doctrine of constructive resignation and a discussion of whether or not it should be introduced or sustained in Malawian employment law.
15,553 words (approx. 62.2 pages), 34 sources, MLA, £ 172.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the doctrine of constructive resignation in the context of employment law or employment relationship. In particular, it attempts to address whether this doctrine should be introduced or sustained in employment law in Malawi. The paper proceeds on the premise that in Malawian employment law - statutory or case law- the doctrine of constructive resignation is not provided for. It is, however, recognized and applied in other jurisdictions namely, Unites States, Canada, United Kingdom and Philippines. This paper concludes with the recommendation that the doctrine be introduced in Malawi, although with necessary modifications to suit the employment situation and the right to fair labour practices.
Outline:
Acknowledgement
Preface
Table of Contents
List of Abbreviations
List of Cases
Chapter One
Introduction
Background of the Study
Statement of Problem
Objectives
Methodology
Lay Out of the Essay
Chapter Two
The Employment Relationship
Introduction
The Contract of Employment
Identifying the Contract of Employment
Employment Relationship
Nature of Employment Relationship
Terms, Conditions, Rights and Duties
Conclusion
Chapter Three
Termination of Employment
Introduction
Termination by Employer
Fair Dismissal
Lawful Dismissal
Termination by Employee
Rights Relating To Termination Of Employment
Conclusion
Chapter Four
The Doctrine of Constructive Resignation
Introduction
The English Doctrine of Constructive Resignation
Statement of the Doctrine
Theoretical Basis
The "Elective Theory"
The "Automatic Theory"
Elements of the Doctrine
Conduct
Fundamental or Repudiatory Breach
Self-Dismissal as the Result of Prior Agreement
The United States Doctrine of Constructive Resignation
Conclusion
Chapter Five
Should The Doctrine Of Constructive Resignation Be Introduced Or Sustained?
Introduction
The English Doctrine of Constructive Resignation
The United States Doctrine of Constructive Resignation
Conclusion
Chapter Six
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Of late, it has been in issue whether one can or has constructively resigned10. This is in issue in Malawi and other jurisdictions. The doctrine of constructive resignation is to the effect that if the conduct of the employee amounts to a repudiation or a fundamental breach of the contract of employment the said conduct automatically terminates the contract, in which case it is the employee rather than the employer who will be deemed to have terminated it. The employer is entitled to dismiss him even without hearing him. He may as well say: "he sacked himself"11. In Malawi there is no statutory doctrine of constructive resignation, and apparently there is currently no case which has said the doctrine is applicable in our employment law."
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The Early Years of James Monroe, 2006.
This paper examines the personal and public life of James Monroe, America's 5th president.
1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper begins with a clear and concise biography of James Monroe from his birth in 1758 and up until his becoming a member of the Confederation Congress in 1783. This paper details Monroe's full and diverse political career including his term in the senate, three terms as governor of Virginia as well as his being appointed as Minister to France by President Washington. This paper discusses Monroe's political leanings as an anti-Federalist and a supporter of the French cause. The writer contends and explains how Monroe's anti-Federalist beliefs won him the presidency as well as the support of out-going President Madison. This paper delves into Monroe's presidency which at first was termed the 'era of good feeling' due to Monroe's political talent and skills. This paper explores the general atmosphere in America during Monroe's term in which the economy was suffering and the issue of slavery had not yet been resolved. This paper examines the events that led to the Civil War during Monroe's presidency. The writer also discusses Monroe's talent for building solid relationships with foreign countries, particularly with Great Britain.
Table of Contents:
Monroe and the Beginning of His Political Career
Monroe as President of the United States
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Monroe's presidency was termed as an "era of good feeling" because of political talent and skills. However, everything started to turn the opposite in the following years of his term. Economic depression occurred and Monroe was unable to provide strong action to resolve his country's economic problems. Civil War also soon followed. This was undoubtedly worsened by Monroe's signing of the Missouri Compromise which states that the Missouri is a slave state and Maine as a free one. Although Monroe was known to be an advocate of the bill of rights, he did not take a stand to defend Missouri. This is one of the weaknesses that the people saw in him as a President. Despite of the weaknesses that Monroe had shown in alleviating the economy of his country, as well as in defending the rights of the people of Missouri, he became successful in allowing good US relationship with foreign countries."
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The Bush Doctrine, 2005.
This paper examines the U.S. foreign policies of 'containment' and the 'Bush Doctrine'.
1,980 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that 'Bush Doctrine', implemented in the wake of the September 11, 2001 terror attacks, has given a decisive new direction to the U.S. foreign policy, which was previously based on the principles of containment and deterrence. The author points out that this new foreign policy principles of pre-emption and unilateralism immediately were put to test by the U.S. administration by its war with Iraq. The paper relates that the results of this change in policy have been mixed and it is still too early to tell whether the Bush Doctrine would prove to be a long-term, lasting and successful change in U.S. foreign policy or the country would have to revert back to the time-tested and less controversial principles of containment, deterrence and multilateralism.
Table of Contents
Policy of Containment: Origin and History
The 'Bush Doctrine': its Roots and Implementation
The Defense Planning Guidance Draft of 1992
Neo-Cons' Letter to President Clinton (1998)
George W. Bush & His Foreign Policy 'Tutors'
Terrorists Provide the Opportunity
From Containment to Preemption
Formal Pronouncement of the Bush Doctrine: The US National Security Strategy
Preemption
Unilateralism
US Hegemony
Actively Promoting Democracy, and Liberty around the World
Pros and Cons of the New Bush Doctrine
Cons
Tarnished US Image
Invitation to Isolation and Enmity
Unethical Doctrine
Invites Abuse and Sets a Precedent for Others
Democracy Cannot be Exported
Pros
Threat of Terrorism needs New Strategy
Pre-emption by US: not the First Time
Is the Bush Doctrine Succeeding?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The doctrine of preemptive war invites abuse because it offers no criteria by which to judge whether a threat justifies a preemptive strike. The U.S. invasion of Iraq is an appropriate example of such a 'preemptive' war in which there was arguably no imminent threat of an attack except in the sole judgment of the Bush administration. It also sets a dangerous precedent for others to follow in order to settle their regional differences. There are a number of current political disputes around the world in which the stronger adversary could invoke the 'preemptive' doctrine to attack its weaker neighbor. For example, China could attack Taiwan over the question of Taiwan's independence; India could attack Pakistan over the Kashmir dispute, and Russia is already threatening to attack Georgia over the alleged cross-border terrorist activities of Chechen guerillas."
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The Doctrine of Eclipse and the Indian Constitution, 2008.
Analyzes decided legal cases to study the doctrine of eclipse and the Indian Constitution.
4,965 words (approx. 19.9 pages), 16 sources, APA, £ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper defines the doctrine of eclipse and its relationship to the Indian Constitution. The author points out that, by virtue of this doctrine, the legislature can simply revive an inconsistent pre-constitutional law by amending the Constitution. This results in legislative inertia. Thus, the paper concludes the doctrine largely benefits the executive and not the people.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Nature and Scope
Research Questions
Doctrine of Eclipse
Applicability of Doctrine of Eclipse with regard to Post-Constitutional Laws
Article 13(1) is Not Retrospective
Distinction between Unconstitutionality from Lack of Legislative Competence and from Violation of Constitutional Limitations on Legislative Power
Distinctions between Article 13 (1) and 13 (2)
Supreme Court Decisions which point out the Distinctions between Articles 13 (1) and 13 (2) of the Constitution
Distinction between Voidness in the case of Pre-Constitutional Law and Post-Constitutional Law
Amendment can Revive a Pre-Constitutional Law but not a Post-Constitutional Law Declared Invalid
A Critical Analysis of Doctrine of Eclipse
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The amendment to the Constitution can revive pre-Constitutional laws if it removes the inconsistency associated with that law. This is by virtue of the application of doctrine of eclipse on pre-Constitutional laws which were not still born and would exist though eclipsed on account of the inconsistency to govern pre-existing matters. In the case of post-Constitution laws, they would be still born to the extent of the contravention. This would mean that the doctrine of eclipse is inapplicable in this case. There is no scope for the revival of a post-Constitutional law by an amendment of the Constitution."
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The Fairness Doctrine, 2003.
Examines impact of the Federal Trade Commission's doctrine.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 9 sources, £ 38.95
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Abstract
Examines the impact of the Federal Trade Commission's doctrine and its effects. Discusses the impact the Fairness Doctrine has had on society from a political, social, and legal perspective. Discusses the history of the FCC doctrine, and the purpose of the Doctrine in balancing views on controversial issues.
From the Paper
"The Fairness Doctrine required broadcasters in television and radio, as a condition of getting their licenses from the FCC, to cover controversial issues within their community by offering some ..."
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"Many Lives of Marilyn Monroe", 2007.
This paper discusses the book "The Many Lives Of Marilyn Monroe" by Sarah Churchwell.
822 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Sarah Churchwell's work on Monroe could very well have redefined our understanding of this enigmatic figure. The writer maintains that Sarah Churchwell's book "The Many Lives of Marilyn Monroe" is the most comprehensive look at the life of the iconic movie star ever produced. The writer relates that Churchwell's premise within the book is that the real Marilyn Monroe is an individual who had immense psychological and personal problems, which she dealt with through the glitz and glamor of her celebrity profile. The writer concludes that Churchwell paints a story that does not rely on fiction and mystique. Rather, in the final analysis, one encounters the story of the real Monroe and finds that the truth is in fact even more impressive than fiction.
From the Paper
"She explores the central premise behind Monroe by examining her deeper motives. Monroe is exposed as an individual who is very uncertain of her identity. Perhaps because of her beauty, she is revealed to be an individual who has had little to no deep personal connections with others. It is only through the power of her body that Monroe possesses the fame that she won in her audiences. The strength of this power is also what alienated her from the rest of the world, as people treated her as a glamour figure and sexual icon rather than an individual with her own personality and thoughts. Churchwell dwells especially on Monroe's strong desire for motherhood. She interprets this action as a yearning for closeness with someone. Monroe saw motherhood as a mechanism to find the missing pieces within her life and to bind a truly cerebral relationship with someone. With the failure to become pregnant was when she seriously became depressed and eventually prepared for her death."
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The Fairness Doctrine, 2005.
This paper discusses the history of the Fairness Doctrine in mass communications and argues that it should be reinstated.
2,505 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Fairness Doctrine was a law that balanced mass media information, allowing time and credibility to all sides of a given argument so that the listener would receive credible and reliable information. The author relates that, along with the new pioneers of broadcast journalism, advertising, and editorial commentary, the Fairness Doctrine came about in the mid-20th century as an extension of First Amendment rights, which remained in place for most of the latter half of the 20th century, but was revoked by the FCC in the early 1980s after long years of misunderstandings, political conflicts, and conflicting precedents in various court cases. The paper stresses that, although networks even advertise that their news is ?fair and balanced?, it is not; the Fairness Doctrine must be reinstated as an ethical broadcasting rule designed to provide controversial issues with a balanced presentation, not censorship.
From the Paper
"The Fairness Doctrine is involved explicitly with radio and television
broadcasters, and states that there are responsibilities which these broadcasters must uphold to the public so that the information that the viewing and listening public receives is fair and balanced and opposing viewpoints get a chance to be presented. In essence, it is a measure of responsibility and accountability for the free press that is able to give counterarguments and provide a space for counterarguments regarding issues that are controversial and require a public forum so that the viewing and listening public can get a full cognizance of the issues being presented on both sides. Objectivity has always been a key tenet of journalism, but the achievement of objectivity is less clear and the Fairness Doctrine has responded to a need for clarity in this presentation by highlighting balanced reportage of issues that concern the public or may be political, controversial, or the subject of dis- or misinformation."
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