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Micro Machining, 2002.
An introduction to the development and use of micro machining in the electronics industry.
4,391 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 28 sources, MLA, £ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how advances in micro miniaturization conceived in the electronics industry, have been applied to shrinking the size of components necessary to implement pressure transducers and how the application of this technology to other domains outside of the electronics industry has also become known as ?surface machining?. It considers how micro machining technology can be used to fabricate chemical instruments and even miniature chemical laboratories as well as many other uses such as solid-state pressure sensors and their application in those areas associated with in vivo blood-gas biosensors.
Outline
Background
State of the Art
Advantages to the Technology
Drawbacks to the Technology
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Similarly, the idea of putting a conventional, general-purpose chemistry laboratory on a single silicon microelectronic device appears somewhat fictional. Regardless, the miniaturization of chemical and physical processes and their subsequent integration onto such a piece of silicon for specific scientific and/or clinical applications is today a definite reality (Freemantle, 1999, p. 27). The development of micro scale devices that are capable of processing and analyzing very small amounts of samples and reagents is gaining the serious interest of an increasingly large number of chemists, and could, potentially, revolutionize chemical analysis and synthesis methodologies in much the same way that microelectronic technology has turned upside down, the electronic and computer industry."
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Micro-histories of Modern Europe, 2001.
This essay takes a look at Modern Europe from a micro-historical perspective, weighing the benefits of micro-history against the broad perspective of macro-history.
1,504 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This essay explores Modern Europe and, more specifically, modern Italy, with a micro-historical magnifying glass. By exploring specific incidences and personal accounts, the micro-histories tell the stories that the macro-histories often overlook. By taking a detailed look at the "Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara," by David Kertzer, the Papal hierarchy and the changing tides in Europe, this essay highlights all the small steps that are taken in order to make giant leaps in history.
From the Paper
"The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara artfully skews the boundaries that traditionally separate macro-history from micro-history. In his meticulous account of Edgardo Mortara, David Kertzer intimately reveals the controversial struggles endured by the Mortara family in mid-nineteenth century Italy. The tyrannical conventions of old-regime papal authority discordantly clash with the emerging post-enlightenment ideology as Kertzer places the fate of a young Jewish boy in context with European anti-Semitism and Italian unification. Throughout the course of his historic narrative, David Kertzer skillfully analyzes the infrastructure of Italian authority and explains how changes in public opinion throughout the world ultimately resulted in the downfall of papal dominance. Surprisingly ignored by most modern historians, Kertzer portrays the Mortara incident as a pivotal point in Italian unification and the institutional collapse of the church."
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Man as Machine, 2002.
A discussion of the concept of man as a machine as seen in the book ?Man a Machine? by Julien Offray de la Mettrie.
630 words (approx. 2.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the categorization of man as a machine as described in the book, "Man a Machine" and compares it to the modern day view. A discussion of the industrial revolution and the development of machinery and technology is included.
From the Paper
""There are as many different minds, different characters, and different customs, as there are different temperaments" (La Mettrie et al. 90). This alone is enough to show that La Mettrie does not believe man is entirely a machine, even though he calls him one throughout this book. Man is more complicated than a machine, because he can reason, and he can make decisions, which a simple machine cannot do.
In the early Industrial revolution, during the 19th century, machines took over many jobs from men, including milling, weaving, spinning, and many other manufacturing jobs. Man saw these machines as marvels that created more products quickly and more effectively. They put many people out of work, but they also created new, low-paying jobs in factories. These machines literally changed the way people lived. While society had been mostly agricultural before the Industrial Revolution, now more people moved to the cities, where jobs were plentiful. Society changed, and had continued to change as man makes improved machine."
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Stenograph Machines, 2004.
A discussion of the history and future of stenograph machines.
932 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The business world will always strive to make processes more and more efficient. With efficiency comes greater productivity and profit. This desire to increase efficiency has translated to the process of the transcription of speech. The stenograph machine, sometimes referred to as a stenotype machine or machine shorthand, is one result of this pursuit of efficiency. This paper presents an overview of the history of the stenograph machine and stenography. In the light of technological advancements, the paper discusses the future of the stenograph machine.
From the Paper
"A stenograph machine is a specialized keyboard that is used by stenographers as a method of writing shorthand. The average trained stenographer can type at speeds of approximately 225 words per minute, at a very high rate of accuracy. Truly skilled stenographers can even reach speeds of 300 words per minute, while maintaining accuracy ("Stenotype", 2004). The tools of the stenographer have progressed over the centuries. Originally, reporting included using the use of quill and parchment writing verbatim what was said. As mentioned, in an effort to increase productivity, as this process was tedious and inefficient, shorthand was developed. And, as technology progressed and the Industrial Era hit full stride, it was only a matter of time before machine shorthand became a possibility."
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Micro-cultures, 2007.
An analysis of personal experience and general information on micro-cultures.
2,291 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper is divided into two parts. The first part of this paper discusses a micro-culture of which the writer is not a part. It discusses the concepts of micro-cultures and provides a better understanding of the various types of micro-cultures that exist. The second section of the paper discusses a micro-culture of which the writer is a part. This section provides real-life examples, explains more about micro-cultures and describes a little bit about the writer.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
A Micro-Culture That Does Not Include Me
Micro-Culture that Does Include Me
Closing Thoughts
From the Paper
" When referring to the micro-culture of Religion, what is being referred to for the purposes of this paper, is a micro-culture that consists of people who share common thoughts, beliefs and perceptions, more specifically, faith in God. However, the faith that defines this micro-culture also creates several other positive attributes that help to define the culture itself, such as respect for one's elders, leaders and government. Pride in one's country, patriotism to be more precise, is a key ingredient. Core values that are exemplified by the Religious micro-culture encompass honesty, integrity, respect, trust, and humility; these core values have helped to shape positive religious movements for hundreds upon hundreds of years and helped to establish America so many years ago (Welty, 1981)."
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Micro-Financing, 2005.
An overview of the benefits of micro-financing in global economies.
2,184 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the effects and benefits of micro-financing in specimen countries, focusing on their respective exchange rates. Special focus is given to inflationary pressures, demand of goods and purchasing power, which may be affected by micro-financing.
Outline
I. Introduction: What is Micro-financing
II. Financials and Micro-financing
III. Micro-financing and exchange rates
IV. Benefits of Micro-financing
V. Conclusion
From the Paper
"The main benefits of micro-credit appear to be reduced vulnerability of the poor to adverse circumstances, increased consumption in the same group, and empowerment of women. The major spin-off of the micro-credit movement at the grassroots level has been the fact that women have used this system to come out and join a mainstream activity in the village. In many areas, particularly where there has been support from NGOs or strong SHGs, women have gained a voice and been able to use this space to come out of their traditional roles into a more 'proactive' male space."
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Turing Machines, 2002.
Discusses Classical Turing Machines.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 9 sources, £ 54.95
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Abstract
Discusses Classical Turing Machines. Their relationship to quantum computing and Quantum Turing Machines. Defines a Turing Machine, what it does and compares present day computing to the Turing Machine. Quantum computational approaches. Quantum mechanics. Major results associated with quantum computing. The Turing Machine as a theoretical model. Its use in science. Recursive functions.
From the Paper
"Abstract
An overview is presented that investigates Classical Turing Machines and their relationship to quantum computing and Quantum Turing Machines. The examination begins by exploring the original work of Alonzo Church and Alan Turing, defining what is a Turing Machine, and discussing the differences between recursion and interation and how this relates to the overall debate on comparing present day digital computing to the Turing Machine.
Because the Turing Machine is a theoretical contrivance, it still has limitations placed upon it that can be generally overcome by considering quantum computational approaches. In order to understand quantum computing, one must first become familiar with the basics of quantum mechanics as they relate to this approach."
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Vending Machines in Public Schools, 2007.
A look at the argument why vending machines should be removed from New Jersey public schools.
1,202 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the benefits from removing vending machines from New Jersey's schools has forced students to eat more nutritious snacks and drink less pop. It looks at how the removal of vending machines has brought many benefits to students compared to schools that still have vending machines.
Outline:
The Reasons for Removing Vending Machines from Public Schools
What Are the Benefits from Removing Vending Machines
From the Paper
"In the past, many schools throughout the nation had several vending machines and pop machines. "Although the majority of schools offered some nutritious foods and beverages in these settings, the majority of schools also offered less nutritious choices" (Kann et al 2005, 370). Students are able to purchase canny, pop, and salty snacks such as potato chips. New Jersey is one of the states that required these vending machines to be removed from the schools. In the past, according to Martha Kubik, Leslie Lytle and Jayne Fulkerson, almost 75% of schools had a school lunch program (2004, 121). The problem is that though there are many options, many of the students eat from beverage and vending machines that adds to the weight and health problems of students. "
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Ingram Micro, 2007.
An analysis of the dominant applications that Ingram Micro uses in its operations.
2,187 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes five of the most dominant applications that Ingram Micro uses as one of the global leaders in the distribution of computer related technology and services. The paper gives a general overview of Ingram Micro's business model and mission. The paper then evaluates Ingram Micro's five most mission critical applications, citing the evaluation criteria in a list format. These applications are further analyzed paragraph by paragraph according to the specific criteria.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Evaluating Ingram Micro's Five Most Mission Critical Applications
Five Mission Critical Systems Analyzed According to Criteria
Materials Requirements Planning (MRP) Systems
Order Management and Online Ordering Including Product Customization System Platform
Pricing Management and Compliance System
Service Life cycle Management System
Supply Chain Management System
References
Figure 1: Comparing Ingram Micro Product Customization Strategies
From the Paper
"The five core systems that are critical for Ingram Micro to manage and grow their business include the MRP system, order management and online ordering system platform that include product configuration, pricing management and compliance system, Service Lifecycle Management (SLM) system, and Supply Chain Management system. Each of these systems is now analyzed specifically according to the following criteria:......"
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"The Social History of the Machine Gun", 2002.
Reviews John Ellis' book about the history of the machine gun and the impact they have had on society.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 30.95
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Abstract
In "The Social History of the Machine Gun", John Ellis shows the awesome impact that machine guns have had on civilisation and society. The creators and initial users, of the machine gun believed that their creation would end all wars, since it instituted a form of mutually assured destruction. They also believed it would bring about a certain amount of order to society, since unruly people would be put under control by elites that had exclusionary access to machine guns. But this reality did not materialise. Greater weapons were ultimately made, and these also failed to end war, just as they came up short in bringing about social control.
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"The Age of Spiritual Machines", 2004.
A review of the book, "The Age of Spiritual Machines", by Ray Kurzweil.
1,295 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 0 sources, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines "The Age of Spiritual Machines", which presents a history of computers, looking at how past trends in computing have led to today's personal machines. It looks at how author Ray Kurzweil then goes beyond history to look towards the future and goes beyond familiar ground, making specific predictions regarding how ?spiritual machines? will blur the line between thinking humans and technological machines.
From the Paper
"However, Kurzweil then moves on to make predictions of his own, and the fact that Kurzweil is specific with his predictions is one of the strengths of this interesting book. The author writes, for example, that by providing more intense and pleasurable sensations, virtual sex will soon be better than conventional sex. Digital prostitutes will service humans in a virtual environment, eliminating the risk of disease. Humans will soon have the ability to download their brains and minds into robots. This means that humans would be akin to software, and traditional ideas regarding life expectancy are no longer applicable. By 2100, Kurweil predicts that we will have machines that pray and worship, spiritual machines whose interactions will be virtually indistinguishable from those of humans."
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Cipher Technology and the Enigma Machine, 2002.
A paper about the history of cipher technology focusing on the development, use and detailed description of the Enigma machine during WWII.
4,600 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 82.95
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Abstract
A study of Crytography, the science of mesage encryption. It discusses the history of cryptography and its development during World War II. It discusses the Enigma machine and carefully details its instructions for use. It also discusses cracking the Enigma and includes examples of this in history. This paper analyzes the Enigma and concludes that all codes will eventually be cracked by dedicated and bright Cryptanalysts no matter how complex the algorithm. Also, security is more than just having a brilliant machine. It was not the Enigma that failed in World War II, it was human error.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background and Early Cipher Technology
The Enigma Machine
Receiving Instructions
Cracking the Enigma
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Cryptography can thought of as the science of message encryption. The battle between Cryptographers (code makers) and Cryptanalysts (code breakers) has been waged since 3000 BC as each tries to outwit the other. Cryptography is essential in performing secure transactions, governing countries and commanding armies. The threat of messages being decrypted has been the motivation for cryptographers to develop new, more complex algorithms in hopes of temporarily staying one step ahead of the Cryptanalysts. Likewise, the motivation for breaking codes can be the difference between winning a war and losing it. As a result, the coder breakers and their computers rose to prominence during their battle in World War II versus the Enigma cipher machine."
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Coordinate Measurement Machines, 2005.
This paper discusses coordinate measurement machines used in mass production of components such as gears.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, as gear-manufacturing technology became more complex, it was more difficult to perform gear measurements with the degree of accuracy required; thus, precision in the field of gear-manufacturing began to suffer partly as a result of this declining precision. The author points out that the demands of total quality management systems, such as Six Sigma and ISO 9000, continue to raise the level of expectation to a defect-free manufacturing, which is being addressed by adding new multi-sensor units to coordinate measurement machines. The paper relates that coordinate measuring machines are not yet able to completely replace CNC generative gear testers, but demands from the automotive industry, new technologies and globalization are creating an environment where these machines will continue to improve in efficiency, precision and cost effectiveness.
Pictures.
Table of Contents
CMM Introduction
CMM History
The CMM Culture
Management Strategies
Advantages and Disadvantages
Conclusion
From the Paper
"To understand how we got to where we are today, an understanding of CNC Generative Gear Testing Machines may help to clarify the improvements on Coordinate Measurement Machines. CNC generative gear testers are nothing more than computer controlled and fully automated machines that can used to carry out various analytic tests on manufactured gears. The true difference between coordinate measuring machines and the CNC Generative Gear Testing Machines is that the latter are specifically for testing gears. Of course, many in the industry feel that CNC generative gear testers are the most accurate way of measuring axis gears. Coordinate measuring machine offer different options. For instance, coordinate measuring machines have the ability to plot and record many more axis positions. Once recorded, these axis positions serve as the necessary data points to create either two or three dimensional models of a gear or part."
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Microeconomic Analysis of Machine Tool Industry, 2004.
This paper serves as an analysis of the American machine tool manufacturing industry.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, £ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses the American machine tool manufacturing industry from a microeconomic perspective. The writer explains the machine tool and looks at what it does and how it operates. The writer also mentions the future of the machine tool manufacturing industry in the United States.
From the Paper
"This paper develops a microeconomic analysis of the machine tool manufacturing industry in the United States. A machine tool is power-operated device used in the processes of finishing or shaping metal parts especially parts of other machines. The machine tool manufacturing industry is comprised of enterprises whose principal business is the manufacture of cutting tools machinists' precision measuring tools and attachments and accessories for machine tools and for other metal working machinery. The industry classification in ... "
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