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Mercantilism and Neo- Mercantilism, 2002.
An analysis of mercantilism and neo- mercantilism through a review of "Markets and States in Tropical Africa" by Robert Bates.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the processes of mercantilism and neo- mercantilism as are presented in Robert Bates' book, "Markets and States in Tropical Africa", and then use other sources to demonstrate how the transitional economy from traditionalism to mercantilism has impacted the African societies as a whole.
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British Colonial Mercantilism, 2001.
A historiography of the economic system of mercantilism between England and the British American Colonies.
4,066 words (approx. 16.3 pages), 29 sources, APA, £ 77.95
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Abstract
The paper shows that historians have used mercantilism to measure the fairness of the mother country toward the American colonies. Surprisingly, the word was unknown prior to the late eighteenth century and the phrase ?mercantile system? first become commonplace in the writings of Adam Smith. This paper explains how, in Smith?s view, mercantilism was a ?commercial minority?s scheme to gain a monopoly of the home market for manufacturers by regulation, trade and ostensibly to secure a favorable balance in the national interest.? The paper traces how mercantilism acquired popular usage and has since been widely disagreed upon between nineteenth and twentieth century writers.
From the Paper
"An entire generation of Americans formed their ideas of the British mercantilist system on the basis of Bancroft?s writings. Before he wrote, few mentioned the Navigation Acts in connection with the Revolution. But Bancroft insisted that British economic restriction had caused the break between the colonies and mother country. Indeed, in his second volume he stated, ?American Independence, like the great rivers of the country, had many sources; but the head-spring which colored all the streams was the Navigation Act.?"
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Mercantilism, 2004.
A discussion on how mercantilism brought about economic and political unity in the 16th century.
1,731 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how one of the most important moments of economic developments in history was mercantilism, deemed to be the first modern economic current. It looks at how, in its most basic form, mercantilism has two fundamental ideas on which the entire concept is based: wealth and profit. Mercantilism laid the foundations for future protectionism and other trade-related measures that are still very relevant today.
From the Paper
"The second fundamental idea in mercantilism referred to the idea of profit, its origin and role. The profit began to be seen as a mean to enhance national wealth. How could profit be viewed at a national level? Well, obviously by correlating it with the balance of trade. In order to have money and gold, hence to abide by the first mercantilist idea of wealth, a country needed to export goods at a higher price than it imported goods. Otherwise put, its balance of trade needed to be positive at all times. Of course, there was a category of countries that could be excepted from this and these were the countries that had other means of producing gold and money, most often through their own resources."
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Scholastic versus Mercantilism, 2006.
A discussion regarding scholastic thought versus mercantilism within an economical organization.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, £ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the intent debate between ethics and economics, or scholastic thought versus mercantilism within an economical organization. It discusses how the early modern era compared to today show possible distinctions among moral teaching and financial practices. The thirteenth through eighteenth centuries scholastic thought seem to be developed through a problematic one, which brought about economical justice in exchange for mercantilism within the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries as an efficiency. This paper highlights the similarities and differences between the scholastic conception and mercantilists of those centuries from the perspective of political gain.
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Marxism and Mercantilism, 2005.
This paper discusses and compares the economic theory of Marxism and the economic system of mercantilism.
1,480 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the key strength to the Marxist economic system is a more even distribution of wealth among its people, but its weaknesses are a poor understanding of the profit motive in human behavior and the theory's dependence on centralized planning, which in a large, modern nation can become unwieldy. The author points out that the strength of the mercantilist system is that, through competition, successful nations can grow and prosper and their citizens can benefit, but a successful mercantilist policy produces an oversupply of money and serious inflation. The paper relates that the difference between these economic approaches is that Marxists view the international economy as a collection of nations whose workers have been successful in overthrowing the capitalist system and establishing workers' economies and those who have not; mercantilists view the international economy as a zero sum game where one country, to prosper and develop, extracts, through ruthless and cutthroat completion, wealth from other countries.
Table of Contents
Marxism
Economic Aspects of Marxism
Mercantilism
Key Strengths and Weaknesses of Marxism and Mercantilism
From the Paper
"For Marx and Engels, the capitalist system and the bourgeois class that ran it was seen as filled with inherent weaknesses and many contradictions. These weaknesses and contradictions would become increasingly severe as industrialization progressed and would end up progress into increasingly relentless economic crises. Thus, for Marx and adherents of Marxism, highly industrialized nations, where the problems and crises' of capitalism and the consciousness' of the workers were far more advanced in understanding these weaknesses and divisions, would be among the first to embrace and establish Marxist societies."
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Mercantilism Mother of Capitalism or Socialism, 2002.
An overview of mercantilism and its impact on modern day systems.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 13 sources, £ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the history of mercantilism from its earliest stage to its end in the eighteenth century, following on to is successors of capitalism and socialism. Discussing whether this fiscal system of gain had an effect on any of the modern day systems.
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Classical Marxist Theory and Classical Mercantilism, 2002.
Comparison paper on Marxism and Mercantilism.
1,496 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and compares the economic aspects of Marxism and Mercantilism. It also compares the strengths and weaknesses inherent in both systems. Finally, the paper compares the way Marxist economy viewed its position in the international economy and the way the Mercantilist economy viewed its position.
From the Paper
"While no single treatise written by Marx and/or Engels covered all aspects of Marxism, the Communist Manifesto suggests many of its premises, the work Marx is most famous for, Das Kapital, developed many of the socialists doctrines that Marxism is known for. Though not well known, many pieces of the Marxist system were actually drawn from earlier economic and historical ideas. (Avineri) Works by earlier political philosophers and economists such as, George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Saint-Simon, J.C. L. de Sismondi, David Ricardo, Charles Fourier, and Louis Blanc were all liberally drawn from. Never the less, Marxist analysis as fully developed by Marx and Engels, was conclusively original."
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European Mercantilism and the Protestant Reformation, 2001.
This paper discusses mercantilism in Europe, and how it was affected by the Protestant Reformation in various countries throughout the continent.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
The author provides examples of mercantilism in various European countries. Includes a look at not only religious, but also economic and political factors at work.
From the Paper
"European mercantilism was the product of the Protestant Reformation, though there were other factors which played an integral role in its development. The growth and development of mercantilist economies was proliferated by protestant states and without these states, European economies would have stagnated and remained generally primitive. Still, the French were able to have a successful foray into mercantilism. The Reformation had a substantial impact on the economies of Europe. The new attitudes fostered by the Reformation set the stage for Mercantilism and the later capitalist age. The national-state was formed and then preserved by the Reformation-inspired contractual ?natural law? philosophy of Hobbes and Locke."
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Mercantilism, Liberalism and Structuralism, 2007.
This paper explores the economic systems that influence states' economic policies.
995 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the economic systems of mercantilism, liberalism and structuralism that determine how governments operate. The paper shows how in terms of the role of the state, they can be seen as points along a continuum of state influence and control, with liberalism being the least controlling and structuralism being the most invasive.
Outline:
Introduction
Liberalism
Structuralism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Economic systems provide the philosophical rationale within which governments operate. Without them, governments, and hence the state, would quickly devolve into erratic economic policy swings that would undermine not only the economy but the social fabric of the state as well. Mercantilism, liberalism, and structuralism can be thought of as blueprints by which the state operates and from which its policy emanates. Mercantilism owes some of its early development to Adam Smith but its economic influence still radiates across global markets today in the form protective barriers to free trade and economic imperialism. Liberalism in the context of economic development and policy has been termed laissez-faire in that its advocates a hands-off policy in terms of economic controls but, in fact, this is only partially accurate. Finally, structuralism finds its strongest advocates in Marx and Marxist economists who view the free market policies of the former systems to be responsible for much of the 3rd world's lack of development and, to a certain extent, they are accurate."
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Argentina and Neo-liberalism, 2008.
This paper explores the effects of neo-liberal policies on Argentinean human development.
2,769 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that although governmental incompetence has contributed to its problems, Argentina's present impoverishment and dependence is very much a product of neo-liberal policies foisted upon the country by powerful international actors like the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The paper provides an overview of Argentinean domestic policy, notes the neo-liberal agenda and impact of the World Bank and IMF and illustrates the consequences flowing from neo-liberal policies made all the more powerful by compelling global phenomena. The paper shows how while neo-liberalism is certainly not all bad, it does discourage the sort of internal development a poor and weakened nation like Argentina desperately needs.
From the Paper
"Before proceeding too far, it is necessary to provide some background information on the country of Argentina; this background, needless to say, can offer a great deal of insight into why Argentina's current predicament is as bad as it is. For most of the twentieth century, Argentina's economy has been characterized by stagnation and by recession; indeed, since the middle 1970s, per capita income has tumbled and (by the middle 1990s) was less than that of relatively poor nations such as Chile and Malaysia. Additionally, the emigration of Argentineans seeking a better life has emerged as a pressing concern in recent years. To all of this must be added the fact that Argentina's interior - which comprises roughly 70 percent of the nation's land and, as of roughly a decade ago, comprised just under a third of its population - has been chronically poor since at least the 1930s (Sawers, 3-4)."
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Neo Classicism, 2002.
An analysis of the origins and impact of neo classicism on art, culture and politics in France 1760-1848.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, £ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper will explore the origins and manifestation of neo classicism in France in the period from 1760 to 1848. As will be seen, neo classicism exerted a profound influence not only on the art of France during this period, but also upon its culture and political theory. However, as will be seen, French neo classicism was significantly influenced by events that took place outside of France, such as the excavations at Pompeii and Herculaneum in Italy. While these discoveries contributed more to an interest in all things classical rather than to specific artistic or cultural occurrences in France at this time, they nonetheless suggest something of the transnational nature of the neo classicism movement.
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Joseph Schumpeter and Neo-Classical Economics, 2002.
Explains Joseph Schumpeter's economic theories and the neo-classical view of economics and then contrasts the two theories.
3,400 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 88.95
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Abstract
Schumpeter's economic theories as they are outlined in "Capitalism, Democracy and Socialism" differ significantly from the neo-classical view of economics. The neo-classical view is outlined-with reference to Adam Smith as a representative neo-classical economist--and contrasted with Schumpeter's theories. Schumpeter's absorption of Marxism, his views on markets and monopolies, and his ruminations on the future of capitalism are highlighted and contrasted with the neo-classical paradigm.
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Neo-Liberal Institutionalism, 2005.
This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of neo-liberal institutionalism.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 11 sources, £ 56.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the strengths and weaknesses of neo-liberal institutionalism. The writer looks at the significance of the Prisoner's Dilemma to the discussion. The fundamental difference between the realist and neo-liberal institutionalist is examined in this paper. The writer suggests that the weaknesses of neo-liberal institutionalism may outweigh its benefits.
From the Paper
"The neo-realist-neo-liberal institutionalism debate develops along a number of criticisms, primary among which is the realist or neo-realist assertion that international institutions play a minimal role in shaping international politics and that the prospects for cooperation in anarchy are bleak. Neo-liberal institutionalism questions these claims, challenging the logical coherence of the neo-realist argument and arguing that the explanatory power of neo-realism is weak because it fails to move beyond an emphasis on the primacy of states as key actors in international relations. In this ..."
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Neo-Marxian Theory, 2002.
A discussion of the differences between Neo-Marxian theory and Marxist theory.
1,919 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an insight into Neo-Marxian theory and discusses how it differs from traditional Marxian theory primarily in its rejection of both economic determinism and the view that individuals play no role in shaping society. It analyzes how Marx believed the ideas of individuals to be powerless as a force in history unless they are connected with materialism. It examines how Neo-Marxian theorists have emphasized the individual in ways that certainly distinguish those theorists from both Marx and his traditional interpreters. It concludes that the greatest weakness of neo-Marxist reconsideration of Marxist theory is that it is still in process and requires additional study (particularly the questions of over-accumulation and stagnation), but such a "weakness" is to be expected in such a revisionist effort.
From the Paper
"Lukacs' neo-Marxist view of class consciousness gives more power to individuals than Marxist theory, or least individuals within the proletariat, which is capable of a true class consciousness he believes is denied to the bourgeoisie, which "at best . . . understands the development of capitalism as something external, subject to objective laws, which it can experience only passively." The proletariat, on the other hand, has the capacity to develop true class consciousness, and as it does, the bourgeoisie is thrown on the defensive. Lukacs refused to see the proletariat as simply driven by external forces but viewed it instead as an active creator of its own fate. . . . "The class struggle must be raised from the level of economic necessity to the level of conscious aim and effective class consciousness" [writes Lukacs]. When the struggle reaches this point, the proletariat is capable of the action that can overthrow the capitalist system."
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