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"The Media Monopoly", 2003.
A review and evaluation of Ben Bagdikian's "The Media Monopoly".
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a review and evaluation of Ben Bagdikian's "The Media Monopoly". It looks at major themes and ideas and the dangers implicit in the control of all media by six corporations. The paper highlights the impact on a democratic society and the key role of advertising.
From the Paper
"One of the most important books on the subject of the mass media-or more specifically what's wrong with the media-is Ben Bagdikian's The Media Monopoly first published ..."
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Media Monopoly, 2004.
A discussion of the problem of the media being taken over by giant monopolies.
1,601 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
Using the example of AOL Time-Warner, this paper discusses how the media monopolies affect modern society. It argues that the increasing control of the media by a handful of corporations means that, more and more, it is they who control what the average American reads, sees, and hears. The paper argues that there is a huge conflict of interest between what is in the best interest of media corporations and what is in the best interest of society.
From the Paper
"In 1983, fifty corporations controlled the vast majority of all news media in the United States. According to the book The Media Monopoly written by Ben Bagdikian and published in 1992, "in the U.S., fewer than two dozen of these companies own and operate ninety percent of the mass media" -- controlling almost all of America's newspapers, magazines, television and radio stations, books, records, movies, videos, wire services and photo agencies. When a new edition of The Media Monopoly was published in 2000, the number had fallen to six. Since 2000, there have been more mergers and Internet media has increased in importance. But, the Internet hasn?t made the problem go away. In fact, more than one in five of all Internet users in the United Sates log in through America Online, a service of AOL Time-Warner, the world's largest media corporation. Monopolization of the media has dangerous consequences for American society and culture."
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"The Media Monopoly", 2005.
This paper discusses Ben H. Bagdikian's "The Media Monopoly", which describes the problems of the concentration of giant companies in the mass media industry in the U. S..
1,585 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the companies which dominate the mass media have dominant influence over the public's news, information, public ideas, popular culture and political attitudes because they not only control the media but also have influence on government because of this ability to manipulate the public. The author points out that this also affects advertising because large newspapers target the big retailers and advertisers with their big budgets; leaving corner grocery stores' advertising to the dwindling small neighborhood papers. The paper relates that Bagdikian proposes (1) an international convention whose role it would be to examine anti-trust in the mass media and (2) corporations be socially responsible in order to prevent "giantism" in the media.
From the Paper
"Commercial TV does have a foe, though, that of noncommercial TV. First, the noncommercial TV steals members of the audience away from commercial TV. Second, noncommercial TV reminds people that there is a choice in viewing and "an alternative to the heavy doses of sex-and-violence, fantasy advertising, and programs designed to create a 'buying mood'." Third, noncommercial TV can be honest. The author points out that this also effects advertising because large newspapers target the big retailers and advertisers with the big budgets; leaving corner grocery stores' advertising to the dwindling small neighborhood papers. They are able to deal with the issues affecting the public, as well as the controversies "in ways avoided by commercial broadcasters whose advertisers, understandably, do not wish their products associated with public controversy." "
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Media Conglomeration: A Monopoly, 2006.
This paper focuses on the telecommunications industry, which has seen an accelerating wave of corporate mergers and acquisitions that have resulted in the creation of multi-billion-dollar media conglomerates.
996 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the government's continuous deregulation of the telecommunications industry, which was intended to result in increased competition, however the exact opposite was in fact achieved. The writer of this paper discusses the growing trend by large media conglomerates that are continuously consuming their competition. As a result, the mega-media companies cited in this paper, produce and/or distribute the majority of television shows, radio programs, movies and print publications. This paper examines the makeup of several large media conglomerates such as AOL-Time Warner, which was formed in 2000 for $160 billion and the Walt Disney Company, which includes several television production companies and cable networks and more than 100 million subscribers. The writer of this paper detail the impact and control these companies have on today's media. The writer contends and explains how these particular monopolies control the traditional ideas of the free press. This paper also delves into the FCC's recently relaxed media ownership rules that allows large media conglomerates to grow even larger, resulting in a great deal of protest.
From the Paper
"The FCC recently relaxed media ownership rules that allowed large media conglomerates to grow even larger. Thus, they set off a great deal of protest. Americans did not appreciate the fact that a small group of powerful corporations are given more control of the most important element of our democracy: our access to information. They are right to feel this way. The media monopoly allows a small amount of companies power over media outlets (independent and corporate alike, including on the Web). This is far too much power for them to possess, but this is the future face of media consolidation."
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Monopoly Issues in "Old" and "New" Media., 2002.
A comparative analysis of monopolies in 'old media' (eg. Bell Company) and 'new media' (eg. the internet).
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 20 sources, £ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes to analyze the contemporary manifestation of "New Media" - more commonly referred to as IT (Information Technology; i.e. personal computers; the Internet; the World Wide Web) - conglomerates such as AOL/Time-Warner in comparison with the market practices and monopolies in the "Old Media" as represented by the Bell company. It will be argued that the emergence of media monopolies appears to be cyclical over the course of history and is inherent in the nature of the networks required to support the media dissemination of information. Moreover, in respect to both Old and New Media, it will be shown how monopoly invariably leads to a resistance to innovation and predatory pricing tactics.
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Economic Model for Monopoly Analysis in Telecommunication, 2007.
A proposal to develop an economic model to predict monopoly in the telecommunications field.
19,900 words (approx. 79.6 pages), 130 sources, APA, £ 173.95
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Abstract
The Telecommunications Act of 1996 sought to end the monopoly that once existed in the telecommunications industry. Since its adoption, the telecommunications industry has been undergoing a period of rapid change and development. The entry of new players into the market encouraged them to seek new ways to attract and keep customers. The paper shows that these changes have led to a rapid influx of new technology and services. Many times what defines a monopoly is not clear in every circumstance and there are many pending lawsuits for violations of antitrust laws in the courts today. The paper explains that economic models are useful in resolving issues of whether a monopoly truly exists, or whether claims are unsubstantiated. Previous models were applicable only in certain situations. These models are unreliable in predicting monopolies outside the parameters for which they were designed. This research develops and tests an economic model that accurately predicts the existence of a monopoly in the telecommunications sector. The paper includes tables and figures.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Rationale for Study
Scope of Problem
Statement of Hypothesis and Research Questions
Chapter 2: Literature Review
The Telecommunications Industry
Economic Models of a Monopoly
Michael Porter and Monopolies and Clusters
Knowledge Engineering in Relation to Monopolies and Business
Intelligence Applied to Monopolies
Chapter 3: Methodology
Database of Study and Data-Gathering Method
Sample Population
Chapter 4: Data Analysis
Chapter 5: Findings and Conclusions
From the Paper
"Even a casual review of its circumstances today makes it quickly apparent that the telecommunications industry is a complex entity and there are multiple sub-industries within the primary industry. The telecommunications industry has gone from a relatively pure monopoly to an attempted competition, and now it is questionable as to whether it is gravitating towards a monopoly again. In addition, there are now more products and services available. The market is no longer comprised of one market. There is a long-distance market, a local service market, and a cell phone and wireless market. All of these markets have different characteristics and the previously existing models fail to useful in all areas of the telecommunications industry."
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Monopoly, 2008.
A look at the background and development of Monopoly, the nation's most popular board game.
2,196 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the game Monopoly is modeled on Atlantic City and is based on the spirit of capitalism that helped create the city. The paper also discusses the game "The Landlord's Game" by Lizzie Magie that inspired the creation of Monopoly. In addition, the paper discusses the disputes over the ownership of Monopoly and the factors that contributed to its eventual success.
From the Paper
"To understand the game Monopoly, one must first understand how Atlantic City came in to existence, since the game is modeled on Atlantic City and is based on the spirit of capitalism that helped create the city. Atlantic City was created as a destination city by Richard Osborne, using a plan created by Jonathan Pitney. The streets were to "be named after the nation's thirty-one states and its north-south avenues for oceans and seas, to envision the entire globe." (Orbanes, p.xvi). The most remarkable part about the scheme was that Atlantic City was created entirely as a resort destination; nothing existed there prior to it being offered up to investors as a resort. Despite that, Osborne managed to get thirty-eight subscribers to purchase 10,000 shares of stock in his railroad company, and Atlantic City was born. (Orbanes, p.xvi)."
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Wal-Mart: An Oligopoly or a Monopoly?, 2004.
An analysis of whether the Wal-Mart company should be considered an oligopoly or a monopoly.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 16.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the Wal-Mart retail store, estimated to be the largest company in the world. The paper discusses whether Wal-Mart is an oligopoly or a monopoly and determines that it is both an oligopoly and an monopoly, but its size gives it the behavioral characteristics of a monopoly with both buyers and sellers.
From the Paper
"Wal-Mart is the largest American company in terms of sales and is estimated to be the largest company in the world based on sales. It employs more than million individuals. Its operations are based primarily in the United States, although it has recently begun to expand to other countries, including Japan. The company has begun to face public criticism for its labor practices as well as the pressure that it puts on suppliers, but the company is also credited with..."
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Telecommunication Monopoly, 2002.
The proposal of an economic model for monopoly analysis in the telecommunications sector.
7,449 words (approx. 29.8 pages), 100 sources, MLA, £ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the Telecommunications Act of 1996 sought to end the monopoly that once existed in the telecommunications industry and how since its adoption, the telecommunications industry has been undergoing a period of rapid change and development. It demonstrates how the entry of new players into the market have encouraged them to seek new ways to attract and keep customers and how these changes have led to a rapid influx of new technology and services. It attempts to develop and test an economic model that accurately predicts the existence of a monopoly in the telecommunications sector.
Outline
Introduction
Rationale for Study
Scope of Problem
Statement of Hypothesis and Research Questions
Literature Review
Methodology
Sample Population
Data Analysis
Findings
Conclusion
References
Appendix I
Appendix II
From the Paper
"Monopolies tend to drive up prices and have many negative effects on the establishment of a fair marketplace. One of the key issues surrounding the court cases regarding monopolies is that there are many different types of monopolies that exist for many different reasons. Some monopolies exist because of scale. In this case, the monopoly simply out-produces anyone else in the industry. They are price makers and everyone else must follow their lead. Because of their size, they can often produce goods cheaper than their competition and there fore can offer them at lower prices. Eventually, the smaller companies may be forces out of business and a true monopoly then exists."
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Microsoft's Monopoly, 2002.
A definition of monopoly and overview of Microsoft's position within the market.
1,775 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, £ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Microsoft's position in their business and discusses the fact that it is a monopoly. Some of the issues in determining what is a monopoly are discussed as well. Some examples of other companies that have been broken up like AT&T are looked at and some of the issues surrounding Microsoft's case is analyzed.
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Monopoly, 2002.
A discussion of profit maximization of the monopolistic firm and the benefits and disadvantages of a monopoly to a consumer.
855 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the concept of monopoly and how the central theory in all of the profit-maximizing outcomes rests on the idea that marginal revenue should equal marginal cost. It looks at how a firm has a monopoly if it is the only supplier in the industry of that particular product or products. Moreover there are no close substitutes. Therefore the consumers in this market have no choice but to buy from that one firm or not at all. For this reason, the monopolist is known as a price-maker because it has the opportunity to set prices at any desired level. It analyzes how affects revenues and costs and what the main advantages and disadvantages are.
From the Paper
"Monopolies occur largely because of the existence of barriers to entry in a given industry. These barriers include legal barriers (patents and licenses), economic barriers and natural barriers. Under legal restrictions, government allows anyone firm a special right to manufacture or trade that particular product. This happens usually when a firm acquires a patent or a special right to market that particular product. Also sometimes the government would grant any one organization to dominate an industry such as a telecom firm that happens to be the only firm providing telecommunications services. Other barriers include control of a scarce resource or input as in the case of the South African diamond syndicate. Technical superiority as in the case of Microsoft is another barrier for other firms to make and market a similar product. Natural barrier or monopoly exists where an industry in which advantages of large-scale production make it possible for a single firm to produce the entire output of the market at lower average cost than a number of firms each producing a smaller quantity."
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?Anti - Monopoly Agency Rules Against Intel", 2005.
An article review of AP Wire. (8 Mar 2005) "Anti - Monopoly Agency Rules Against Intel." The New York Times. Business News.
814 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a brief analysis and discussion about this article which deals with the issue of anti-monopoly rules as applied to Intel. The paper questions whether, when a firm does not directly abuse its status as a monopoly, it should still be allowed to continue its practices.
Introduction
Market Outcome
Political Impact on Economic Behavior
Social Diversity
Technological Innovation
Market Structure
Work Cited
From the Paper
"Japan's FTC might have a social agenda-to increase the dominance of home-based Japanese chipmakers that are currently minute in comparison to Intel. However, some of Japan's largest companies have dominated the scandal, such as Hitachi, as they have willingly done business with Intel, and agreed to its arrangements of exclusivity, much to their apparent business and market advantage, even though this may cause some social detriment to the nation, overall, in terms of Japanese companies making inroads into the chip market. Intel's share of the CPU market in Japan rose to 90 percent in 2004, from 78 percent in 2002 and in contrast, the Japanese Advanced Micro Devices' share fell to 8 percent, from 18 percent, over the same period. (AP Wire, 2005)"
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Monopoly Vs. Competition, 2002.
Examines the difference between monopoly and competition and considers its prevalence in the government and private sectors.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 7 sources, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the difference between monopoly and competition. It is seen that in the United States monopoly usually exists in the government sector while competition is more prevalent in the private sector.
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Microsoft Monopoly, 2002.
An analysis of the monopoly of Microsoft in the software business.
1,066 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether the monopoly of Microsoft in the software business is detrimental for consumers. The paper presents the government?s case against Microsoft and examines whether the government?s actions are justified. The impact on the marketplace is described and differing opinions are offered, regarding the positive and negative aspects of the monopoly.
From the Paper
"Most everyone knows the history of Microsoft. Founded by two college students, Bill Gates and Paul Allen in 1975, it now is the world?s largest software company. Its Windows operating system is standard on most desktop computers and together with Intel, supplies the operating systems and computer chips to approximately ninety percent of the world?s computers. Microsoft has made thousands of people very wealthy, especially its founder, Bill Gates, who has remained on the top of the list of the world?s richest people. Microsoft has used its dominance to induce PC makers, which survival depends on its operating system, into using other Microsoft products, especially its Web browser."
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