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Leonard Bernstein, 1996.
Examines influences of Greek Dimitri Mitropoulos, Pole Artur Rodzinski, Hungarian Fritz Reiner & Russian Serge Koussevitsky on conductor's musical vision & style.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 9 sources, £ 54.95
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From the Paper
"The legend of Leonard Bernstein began with the fact that it was unusual for an American to conduct a major American orchestra. On the occasion of his New York Philharmonic debut, filling in for an ailing Bruno Walter, Bernstein was introduced by Bruno Zirato, the orchestra's associate manager, as "a full-fledged American conductor, born and entirely raised in this country." An American conductor was not unique, of course, and Zirato duly emphasized Bernstein's American education. In the 1930s, however, a conductor's education and opportunities could only have come from the European source even if it was located in the United States. The four conductors who had the greatest influence on Bernstein in his conductor's apprenticeship, and were all instrumental in starting his career, were the Greek Dimitri Mitropoulos (1896-1960), the Pole Artur Rodzinski ..."
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Leonard Bernstein, 1996.
Conductor's style, musical philosophy, excesses, critical reception, focusing on works of Beethoven.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 18 sources, £ 54.95
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From the Paper
"As a conductor Leonard Bernstein considered Beethoven, "of all composers", to be "the most interpretable" (Bernstein, 1982, p. 292). As with his various approaches to most of the classical and romantic repertoire, however, Bernstein's interpretations of Beethoven met with a range of responses. Yet the responses could be favorable or extremely unfavorable even when they came from the same source. Harold C, Schonberg, once chief music critic for the New York Times, wrote of a 1960 performance of the Leonora Overture No. 3 and the Piano Concerto No. 1 that they featured "a couple of moments that were absolutely bizarre" and that the latter "was a highly personal and rather vulgar performance" which he disliked a great deal (quoted in Peyser, 1987, p. 303). But of a 1979 performance of the Ninth Symphony Schonberg wrote that although "some" might call it "vulgar" or ..."
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Racism and Self-Identity in the Poetry of Fred D?Aguiar,Tom Leonard and Grace Nichols, 2002.
This is an analysis of the themes of racism and self-identity that are found in the poetry of Fred D'Aguiar, Tom Leonard's and Grace Nichols.
1,690 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the poetry of three different authors who wrote on the topic of racism and self-identity. Using the two poems, "Mama Dot" and "Airy Hall Iconography" by Fred D'Aguiar, the author discusses the portrayal of the African female, slavery, how the characters felt when they were removed from the African motherland, problems of self-identity and cultural alienation. The paper then compares and contrasts the themes found in two poems by Tom Leonard, ?100 Differences Between Poetry and Prose,? and ?The Evidence.? Some of the themes that are discussed include one's struggle with self-identity and racism. The paper concludes with the analysis of two poems by Grace Nichols, "Black" and "White." Again, the theme here is racism, which the author portrays by expanding upon the notion of what black and white really mean and how these colors have come to demonstrate polar opposites when the topic of racism and race relations are raised.
From the Paper
"Removal from the African motherland is indicated with the unique vegetation, herbs, fruits, and spices depicted in ?Airy Hall Iconography.? Items like tamarind, guinep and paw-paw are ?other? on the white man?s continent. They are exotic fruits, and when consumed away from their place of origin, they become foreigners. Likewise, the descendents of slaves are alien beings, perceived as opposite and even hostile to everything familiar."
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Leonard Peltier, 2007.
A look at the circumstances surrounding the conviction and incarceration of Leonard Peltier, who was accused of shooting two FBI agents in 1975.
3,454 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the case of Leonard Peltier, who has been in prison at Ft. Leavenworth more than 30 years for a crime that he and many supporters say he didn't commit. The paper examines the historical context in which the killing of two FBI agents in 1975 took place, including the government's attitude toward the American-Indian Movement. It then looks at the two trials that were held in connection with the shootings and describes subsequent legal actions.
Table of Contents:
Historical Context
The American Indian Movement
From the Paper
"At the end of President Bill Clinton's presidency, there was a chance that he would pardon Leonard Peltier. He was seriously considering it. However, 500 agents of the FBI and their families staged a protest outside the White House demanding the president deny clemency for Leonard Peltier. The president did not pardon him. He gave no reason, but it seems likely he didn't want to go against the FBI (Sanchez, Stuckey, & Morris, 1999). Nobody knows for sure. Afterwards, however, a billionaire named David Geffen stopped supporting Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign financially and funded Barack Obama's campaign instead. Geffen said he was disillusioned by President Clinton's refusal to pardon Peltier while at the same time he pardoned Marc Rich, whom he called "a billionaire felon and criminal" (Wikipedia web site)."
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Leonard Peltier, 2005.
This paper discusses the life and work of Leonard Peltier, an American Indian Movement activist, who was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for the murders of two FBI Agents; however, his guilt is disputed.
1,315 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Leonard Peltier, a Lakota-Ojibwe Indian, raised on the Turtle Mountain Reservation, experienced the government's intrusion on the rights of his people when he was sent to a U.S. residential boarding school for Native Americans. The author points out that Peltier, who was an active member of the American Indian Movement (AIM), which was founded to protect Indian people from cultural, spiritual and physical genocide, and his supporters believe that he was targeted by the FBI's COINTELPRO program, which suppresses people by using methods of arrest, slander and attack. The paper relates that Peltier's plight as a living martyr garnered international attention after the publication of Peter Matthiessen's famous book, "In the Spirit of Crazy Horse", in 1983; Peltier's supporters included such people as the Dalai Lama, Desmond Tutu, Mother Theresa, Amnesty International and 50 members of the U.S. Congress.
From the Paper
"Peltier's co-defendants, were tried separately. Civil rights lawyer, William Kunstler, defended Butler and Robideau and argued that they had fired in self-defense. Kunstler expounded on, throughout the trial, the saga of white oppression of American Indians. Peltier's trial, in Fargo, North Dakota, had a different tone, Judge Paul Benson refused to allow any testimony unrelated to the events at Pine Ridge. The all-white jury did not hear of the injustices experienced by the American Indians. Peltier was found guilty on two counts of first-degree murder and sentenced to two consecutive life terms."
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Sir Winston Leonard Churchill, 2005.
This paper analyzes the political defeat Sir Winston Leonard Churchill.
1,850 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although Sir Winston Leonard Churchill led the British out of the Depression and in victory during World War II, his biggest loss came just after these biggest victories when he lost the 1945 election for prime minister in spite of his overwhelming popularity. The author points out that Churchill's troubles began in 1942 with what is called the "palace revolt"; the movement was lead by several newspapers, such as "The Times", "The Sunday Times" and "The Observer", and respectable politicians, such as Lord Salisbury, Lord Swinton, Lord Hankey and Sir Edward Grigg. The paper concludes that, in leading the country, Churchill made many enemies; in spite of his extreme popularity, the combination of (1) the country's wish for change after the war, (2) the desire of the soldiers in the Pacific to return home and (3) the lack of total support within his own party led to his failure to win the 1945 election. Several long quotes.
From the Paper
"Churchill still maintained strong support, but it was obvious a grass roots effort was beginning to unseat him. However, Churchill knew he faced problems in the future once the war was over. During a popular war, it would be very difficult to unseat a leader, because of the fear of dissension and confusion within the military ranks. Trying to unseat a leader during war would be seen as many as treasonous. Thomson says Churchill was aware "of the doubting approval of Parliament" and was concerned."
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Leonard Peltier, 2007.
This paper discusses Leonard Peltier and looks at how justice miscarried.
3,250 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 64.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Leonard Peltier has been in prison at Ft. Leavenworth more than 30 years for a crime that he and many supporters say he did not commit. In order to understand what actually happened that day and why many people consider Peltier a political prisoner, the writer notes that it is necessary to obtain an awareness of the historical context in which the incident took place and the government's attitude toward the American-Indian Movement. In this essay, the writer examines the historical context, looks at the two trials that were held in connection with the shootings and describes subsequent legal actions.
Outline:
Historical Context
The American Indian Movement
From the Paper
"Three films have been made about the incident and the case: Incident at Oglala a documentary produced by Robert Redford (which this paper draws heavily upon), another documentary Warrior, and a fictionalized version Thunderheart. The film Incident at Oglala was based directly on a book written by Peter Matthiessen, In the Spirit of Crazy Horse, which describes the historical context and events that led to the shoot-out in 1975. The book was kept off the market for eight years until 1991 by a lawsuit that the FBI funded. Eight decisions later, the Supreme Court ruled that the book was free of libel, so it and the documentary are now available to the public. Although Peltier is known in foreign countries as a hero, and Amnesty International and others are fighting for him as a political prisoner, there is not much public awareness about him in the United States."
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Leonard Peltier, 2004.
An examination of the evidence and circumstances surrounding the conviction of Leonard Peltier for the murder of two FBI agents in 1975.
2,043 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether Leonard Peltier actually killed two FBI agents on June 25, 1975, on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. It examines how the issue has not been thoroughly resolved from the point of view of Peltier supporters, who believe that Peltier is a political prisoner and is being held on false charges, and from the point of view of the U.S. government, which believe Peltier is guilty of the murders. It analyzes the situation that existed in and near the Pine Ridge Reservation prior to the events of June 25, 1975, the reasons for the stand-off between the Native Americans and the federal government, and the results of that conflict. It also explores the world Peltier exists in, as well as his thoughts about his ongoing incarceration
From the Paper
"As he grew older, Peltier traveled with his father working as a migrant farm laborer, and in 1965, he moved to Seattle and operated an auto body repair shop, where he hired and trained Native Americans to work for him and learn skills. He also became involved in a Native American halfway house for ex-convicts, and he participated in public protests relating to the Indians? claim to various Native Lands in Seattle. Later Peltier worked as a welder in Wisconsin, and then became involved in the American Indian Movement (AIM) in Colorado. This association apparently radicalized Peltier to the point that he participated in the occupation (by Indians) of the BIA building in Washington, D.C."
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The Case of Leonard Peltier, 2004.
This paper discusses the case of Leonard Peltier, who has languished in prison for three decades for murder. It tries to determine if Peltier is a cold-blooded murderer or a down-trodden political prisoner.
2,435 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Leonard Peltier is a man who is currently serving two life sentences. Peltier was convicted of the murder of two FBI agents, but has repeatedly asked for parole and been rejected. The author points out that Peltier, who is Native American, insists that his heritage, his anger, and his protest against the white American government are what have caused him to receive two life sentences. The paper concludes that had Peltier only been convicted of this Wounded Knee standoff crime, it could be conceivable that he would have a valid point when it comes to his continued detainment; but he has been convicted of other violent crimes before the murders at Wounded Knee. Therefore, he is not a political prisoner, but rather a common criminal.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background of the Issue
Argument
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The ballistics evidence presented by the government was that Peltier was the only one who was using the type of gun that fired the type of bullets located in the car of the FBI agent. Whether or not he was using that gun has come under fire many times in the past three decades. Peltier and his attorneys continue to argue that he was there, he was involved but he did not pull the trigger of the gun that murdered the two agents. While he accepts some culpability for being involved in the standoff he objects to being convicted of murder, and even more so to spending two life sentences behind bars for a murder he believes he did not commit. As the appeals process was used his attorneys pointed to other cases in which the convict was at the scene but did not pull the trigger. They insist that in those cases the convicts did not have to wait so long for a parole hearing. According to his legal team and those who support his cause, Peltier is not being held this long because he killed someone, he is being held this long to be used as an example to what will happen to others who dare to buck the system of the United States government."
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Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward's "All The President's Men", 1977.
This paper analyzes Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward's Watergate book "All The President's Men".
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, £ 38.95
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From the Paper
The purpose of this research is to critically examine All the President's Men by Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward. The most popular account of the entire "Watergate" affair, the book remains an excellent example of investigative reporting. The book covers the eighteen month period during which Bernstein and Woodward, working as reporters for The Washington Post, systematically uncovered many of the details surrounding President Richard Nixon's illegal political activities.
Woodward and Bernstein were assigned the story as it first broke in June of 1972, with the arrest of five burglars who had been apprehended while breaking into the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee. The reporters' subsequent investigation, pursued in true detective fashion, utilized fragmentary clues found n address books, telephone calls, informants, and ... "
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Paul Valery's "Introduction de la Methode de Leonard de Vinci", 2002.
This paper compares a quote taken from Paul Valery's "Introduction de la Methode de Leonard de Vinci" and to Salman Rushdie's "Haroun and the Sea of Stories".
1,090 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the specific pieces by Valery and Rushdie and other pertinent supportive material. The paper concludes that Valery was a man of words who often felt that those who used them didn't know their power. The author feels that Valery knew the power of words but often felt the "gift" to write was not empowering.
From the Paper
"His quote, "Beauty is a way of death. The novelty, the intensity, the strangeness, in a word, all the values of shock supplant it", can be likened to the hunter who loves the hunt more than the eventual catch. So it is with words for Valery. It is the process, the thinking, the effort that fascinates him?not the work itself. Perhaps that is because he left the world of literature for the analytical and precise world of science."
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"Ties That Bind" ( Leonard Helfgott ) and "A Year In The Life Of A Shinto Shrine" ( John Nelson ), 1999.
Compares cultural studies of the social history of Iranian carpets and the annual cycle of (Japanese) Shinto rituals.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 2 sources, £ 66.95
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Abstract
Leonard Helfgott and John K. Nelson have chosen very different vantage points from which to study the cultures of Iran and Japan. Yet Helfgott's study of the manufacture of carpets and Nelson's description of the annual cycle of activities at a Shinto shrine have several important points in common. Both authors deal with traditional practices that have involved and affected every level of their societies
From the Paper
"Leonard Helfgott and John K. Nelson have chosen very different vantage points from which to study the cultures of Iran and Japan. Yet Helfgott's study of the manufacture of carpets and Nelson's description of the annual cycle of activities at a Shinto shrine have several important points in common. Both authors deal with traditional practices that have involved and affected every level of their societies. Both of these practices have been modified in ways that reflect broader cultural change. And both practices have unique and very significant roles in their respective societies today. But the two studies necessarily employ very different methodologies and seek different types of information. As a study of a major aspect of the material culture of Iran, Helfgott's Ties That Bind: A Social History of the Iranian Carpet deals with economic aspects of ..."
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Leonard Trotsky, 2000.
2,840 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 7 sources, £ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Trotsky in terms of his ascension to power, his struggle to retain authority, and his ultimate defeat. Trotsky?s role, or his character, and its long-term influence on both Soviet Communism, and socialism as a whole is questioned and he is seen to be important amongst the great revolutionaries. The paper shows that several factors lead to his ultimate demise, and expulsion from the party, such as late entry into the Bolshevik party, remaining politically reclusive (lack of alignment), and as oddly as it may sound, military success.
From the Paper
"After his arrival in Petrograd Trotsky spent weeks on end appearing before large audiences, delivering impassioned speeches denouncing the inadequate attempts of the Provisional Government. He encouraged workers to prepare for the upcoming uprising over the new regime. He also stressed his three commandments: Distrust of the bourgeoisie, Control of our own leaders, and Confidence in our own revolutionary forces (Serge 1975).
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"All The President's Men" & "The Final Days" (Carl Bernstein & Bob Woodward)., 1993.
Compares two works on the fall of Nixon because of the Watergate scandal. Includes theses, methods and sources.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, £ 27.95
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From the Paper
" This study will compare and contrast two works by Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward on the fall of the Nixon administration due to the Watergate scandal, All the President's Men and The Final Days.
All the President's Men is more mystery story than anything else, and mystery stories do not rely heavily on theses or arguments, so it is difficult to label this book with a specific thesis. Certainly the authors believe that there is a and should be an adversarial relationship between the government and the press. Certainly they would argue that the Nixon administration was a corrupt one, and that its corruption was made even more intense by the fact that it had claimed to be a force for goodness. The authors end their first chapter with the words of Democratic Party chairman Larry O'Brien: "We learned of this.."
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