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The Legislative Process, 2006.
An analysis of the United States' legislative process.
1,622 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the legislative process in the United States is a complex process full of checks and balances to ensure that each law passed in this country is in the best interest of its citizens. This paper outlines the legislative process in the United States as well as the steps a bill must go through to become law. Furthermore,it discusses the history of a specific bill, including the introduction of that bill, the major provisions of that bill, the Senate and House Committees, which it was sent to for review and the final vote on the bill.
From the Paper
"The most common legislative process that we think of, however, is the making of the laws. The first stage of a bill becoming law in the United States is of course the drafting of the bill. Many government officials may be involved in this process including but not limited to a senator, representative, the white house, state legislatures, organizations, scholars, and constituents. The next step in a senate bill becoming law is that it is introduced in Senate Chamber by the senator. Next, "If no objection is heard, the bill is considered read twice and referred to the appropriate committee" (Legislative, p. 1). The bill is then entered on the Senate Journal and given a number (Legislative, p. 1). Following this step, the "bill is entered into ledgers and the Legislative Information System and marked up for printing" (Legislative, p. 1). "
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The Legislative Process, 2006.
Two papers on the legislative process relating to nursing.
4,600 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 16 sources, APA, £ 93.95
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Abstract
This is a two fold paper on the legislative process. One is on the whistleblower legislation for nurses and the other is on the mandatory overtime legislation for nurses. The legislative process is also explained. The importance of these two pieces of legislation to both nurses and patients is discussed.
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HB 935/SB 313 Legislature Process, 2005.
Examines the legislative process of House Bill 935 which spells out the role of nurses in the American healthcare system.
935 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
Historically, physicians have told nurses what to do and what not to do. Currently, legislators have that power. This paper discusses the lengthy legislative process and the dynamics of it. House Bill 935 was originally introduced in 1991 as Article 1 Chapter 21 in the Georgia Senate as Code Section 16-13-21. Representative Sue Burmeister is now sponsoring HB 935 to give new wording and annotation to the bill. The paper shows that the new legislation would allow advanced practice registered nurses to execute a verbal, written or electronic order for a drug, device, medical treatment or diagnostic study. Currently, nurse practitioners can phone in prescriptions in consultation with a physician.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
HB 935 At A Glance
Physicians Versus NP
In Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Most U.S. Citizens believe that physicians have always had the main authority to prescribe medications. However, when researching the background of prescribing drugs it is evident this is not true. Physicians carry a sense of ownership pertaining to prescriptive authority. History is evidence that authority to prescribe has not always solely been the responsibility physician. The market physicians have today on prescribing medications came about without little or no resistance even though others are fully capable of this practice.(Ryser, 1999)."
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The Process of Passing a Bill, 2006.
A review of the legislative process of the Mentally Ill Offenders Treatment and Crime Reduction Act.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews how a particular piece of legislative policy evolves on its way to becoming a public law. The law, 108-414 or the Mentally Ill Offenders Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2004, is summarized regarding its legislative history. This summary also includes who proposed and sponsored it, its path, how it fared, and the various stakeholders of the bill.
From the Paper
"On October 30, 2004, the President signed into law a bill that had been working its way through Congress for a year. This law, the Mentally Ill Offenders Treatment and Crime Reduction Act, was introduced in the Senate as a way to decriminalize the nation's mental health systems. After winding its way through the House and onto the President's desk, this piece of legislation looks to take the treatment and care of mentally ill offenders and criminals away from the criminal justice system. However, the history of this bill proved quite interesting in itself. This policy brief will feature the proposal of the bill, the path and history that it took, and how the stakeholders in the bill manipulated its ratification."
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Canadian Legislative Reform, 2006.
A review of the legislative reform that has occurred in Canada since the National Transportation Act of 1967.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 0 sources, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the Canadian National Transportation Act of 1967 was seen by some as revolutionary. Certainly, it initiated a period of substantial legislative reform, and in the long term - substantial deregulation of the transport sector. This paper examines the legislative reform that has taken place in Canada since the passing of the National Transportation Act of 1967. The paper also pays attention to the Freedom to Move Plan, the 1987 National Transportation Act, the 1987 Motor Vehicle Transport Act, the 1993 National Transportation Act Review Commission, the 1994 paper entitled "New Directions for Transportation," the 1996 Canada Transportation Act, and the Review Panel of 2000.
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Personality in Legislative Bodies, 2000.
Why American Senators must interact on a level far beyond political concerns and how personality plays an important role in legislative work.
1,710 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, £ 38.95
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Abstract
Although Burke was referring to the general populace, interpreting ?the people? to mean individuals gives a new meaning to his statement. According to this alternate interpretation, the Senate and other collegial bodies can be seen as collections of individuals rather than homogeneous institutions. As individuals, Senators must interact on a level far beyond political concerns. They must deal with one another as people with varying personalities. The successful are able to use their personalities to achieve their goals. The unsuccessful are unable to do so. T?he paper intends to prove that personality plays an important role in legislative work and that successful legislators utilize their personalities in order to achieve their ends.
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Legislative Impacts and American Vocational Education, 2005.
An analysis of legislative impacts on American vocational education.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how as the Industrial Revolution demanded more skilled workers, the role of high school and the need for career-oriented education became increasingly important and how governmental legislation played an important role in the creation of centers for vocational education. This evolution has taken nearly a century and over a dozen laws. This paper comments on the five pieces of legislation that the author feels has have had the greatest impact on the evolution of vocational education.
From the Paper
"The purpose of secondary and post-secondary education has always been a topic of some debate. As the Industrial Revolution demanded more skilled workers, the role of high school and the need for career-oriented education became increasingly important ("Vocational education"). Unfortunately, expensive and selective universities were not always able to meet this need, but their smaller counterparts were. Governmental legislation played an important role in the creation of centers for vocational education. This evolution has taken nearly a century and over a dozen laws. For the space of this essay, however, I will comment on the five pieces of legislation that I feel have had the greatest impact on the evolution of vocational education."
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Legislative Constituencies, 2002.
An analysis of the various legislative constituencies in America.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses the various types of constituency a legislative body has in American politics. The author draws appropriately upon readings and contemporary political events to develop the theme.
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The New Deal and Banking: A Selective Legislative Analysis, 1998.
A paper which examines the legislation relating to Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal programs, in a bid to recover the American economy from the Great Depression.
3,156 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 63.95
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Abstract
The New Deal was Roosevelt?s answer to the Great Depression and was aimed at the three R?s -- relief, recovery and reform. This paper reviews a selection of legislative laws that represent the three phases of the New Deal and their impact at the time on the economy and government. The paper makes use of historic references and economic theory principles to further clarify the intent of the legislation. In conclusion, it addresses agencies created during that time and points out legislation that is currently in effect today. The paper also explains how the legislation impacted the household through micro economic policies and theories, as well as money and banking.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Emergency Banking Act
Federal Emergency Relief Act
Agricultural Adjustment Act
National Industrial Recovery Act
Glass-Steagall Banking Act
Social Security Act
Fair Labor Standard Act
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"On May 12 the Federal Emergency Relief Act, setting up a national relief system, passed and established the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) which appropriated 500 million dollars for quick relief. This act also created the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) with 250,000 immediate jobs for individuals between the age of 18 and 25. Members were supplied with food, shelter, transportation, clothing, medical care, and limited education. Projects undertaken by the CCC were reforestation, road construction, soil erosion, flood control, and development of national parks. Critics to the CCC claimed that this was ?make work.? By its end in 1941, 22 million persons had worked at over 1500 CCC camps across the United States."
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The War Powers Act: An Analysis of Legislative Inanity, 2000.
An opinion piece as to why the War Powers Act is inane, empty and clearly an unconstitutional piece of legislation, the epitome of poorly constructed and inadequately thought out and executed legislation, and should be repealed.
945 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, £ 23.95
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From the Paper
"The joint resolution "concerning the war powers of Congress and the President" was passed on November 7, 1973 above a Presidential veto; Congress made the decision to override the veto of President Nixon, a rare legislative occurrence. Such unified support among Congress indicates that the purpose of the act was primarily the self-aggrandizement of Congress, at the expense of the executive branch, compromising the balance of power. The War Powers Act is an inane, empty and clearly unconstitutional piece of legislation, the epitome of poorly constructed and inadequately thought out and executed legislation. It is frequently skirted and is most unclear. Further, it obfuscates responsibility and accountability of government officials. In the interest of the nation, the War Powers Act should be repealed."
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Health Care and the Legislative Process, 2005.
A discussion regarding the health care sector in North America and legislation that directly effects it.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the American Nurses Association, the Democratic National Committee, and the Republican National Committee in relation to the organizational legislation that affects American health care and nursing.
From the Paper
"The American Nurses Association, (ANA) serves the nursing community by addressing issues that are directly related to the nursing profession and by seeking a better health care environment for all citizens requiring health care services in the United States. In order to ensure that these issues are brought to the forefront of American politician's agendas the ANA works through lobbyists, through "grassroots organizations", and within political arenas to have their concerns heard ("Federal", 2005). Current legislative action that the ANA is involved in includes The Rural and Urban Health Care Act of 2001, The House Action on Parent's Rights, the emerging shortage of nurses in the United States, public health, and nurse education and practice ("Federal", 2005). The ANA cites two former nurses in the United States Congress that ensure the role of nurses within healthcare continues to be addressed."
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"The Dynamics of Legislative Gridlock, 1947-96", 2002.
Analyzes Sarah Binder's 1999 article which appeared in the American Political Science Review.
825 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
Sarah A. Binder's article on "The Dynamics of Legislative Gridlock, 1947-96" provides profound statistical and historical insight into how the dynamics of a legislative government system works in terms of the potential bipartisan establishment of alliances between elected individuals. The paper shows that Binder?s central argument suggests that a sense of internal party cohesion creates less favorable conditions for passing legislation, rather than facilitates the passing of new laws. In other words, the more strongly allied different individuals within a political party are to particular party ideology and to themselves as ?Democrats? or ?Republicans?, the less apt they are to make concessions to members of the opposing party. Rather than forming ties to the legislature as a governing body, representatives with strong party allegiances form ties to their party?s governing structures instead.
From the Paper
"Perhaps the most famous example that springs to mind during the period chronicled by Binder is Senator Jesse Helm?s filibusters of civil rights legislation in the senate. The senator?s allegiance to segregationist ideology enabled him to use the rules and protocols of the senate to almost ?kill? historic civil rights laws. Helm?s allegiance to segregationist and the Dixiecrat ideology ultimately made him wish to break away from the Democratic Party. But this was not a time of great unity within the Democratic Party. Thus, to Binder?s approval and to prove Binder?s point, because of this lack of party unity, a Democratic president, Lyndon Johnson, enabled the civil rights legislation of the 1960?s to be passed, in opposition to members of his own party. This example shows how a lack of party allegiance can indeed enable the legislature to ?get things done.?"
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Executive-Legislative Relations in Post-Communist Europe, 2001.
A look at the struggles of political stability in post-Communist Eastern Europe and the methods of electing governments and leaders.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper shows the continued struggle between residual Leninism and liberalism in most of the former Soviet bloc. It examines how this battle effects the election processes and legislative institutions in these countries.
From the Paper
"A decade has passed since the extraordinary events that led to the collapse of the Leninist regimes of East and Central Europe. The decade has been filled by high expectations, noble dreams of justice and freedom, as well as by frustrations, neuroses, and painful disappointments. Throughout the last ten years of the twentieth century, some countries of East and Central Europe have initiated and consolidated viable democratic practices and institutions. Others have lagged behind and are still quasi-democracies with little prospects to be accepted into the much coveted and often idealized Western "club." "
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Executive & Legislative Cooperation, 1996.
Examines constitutional division of powers, evolution of executive power & effective ways for president to lead & deal with Congress to implement domestic policy.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, £ 32.95
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From the Paper
"The role of the presidency has changed in this century as power has shifted among the branches of government. In the formation of the Constitution and the government it supported, the Founding Fathers sought balance within the federal government itself through a separation of powers, the provision placing different governmental powers in the three branches of government--the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. This separation of powers is part of a system of checks and balances. Left out of this formulation is the public, which exercises power through the force of public opinion in the period between elections and at the ballot box during elections. The President comes into office with an agenda which he then tries to get implemented. This can be done in one of three ways: legislation can be introduced in Congress and passed by both..."
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