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Late 19th Century Working Class Women, 2008.
This paper discuses literature about research describing working class women in the late 19th century, especially in Montreal and Paris, Ontario.
2,090 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in Bettina Bradbury's research, between 1861 and 1891, mainly French-Canadian women are found living and working in a harsh way, which demanded general resourcefulness to maintain their families' survivals. The author points out that, in contrast, Joy Parr's study of Ontario's industrial towns after 1880 reveals women's closer connections to the waged labor economy. The paper stresses that Bradbury's depiction of working class women in Montreal is convincing and speaks to Canadian women in terms beyond economics or feminism. The author found that, despite much theory referring to positions of gender as somehow unitary, there are dangers in presuming the realities of working class women in the later 19th century. The paper concludes that this literature helps interpret a contemporary Canadian society, which still tends to disadvantage women.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Situation versus Culture
Reflection
Last Remarks
From the Paper
"Few widows received pension incomes for their husbands had often not had pensions in the forms of employment available to them. A predictable aspect of law so disadvantageous to women was the woman to turn to prostitution for survival or those running brothels or taverns. Joy Parr's work refers to Paris, Ontario and the demand for mainly British factory hands, often women, who were already skilled contributors to factory life before emigration. The idea of women working beyond the home as losing their reputations prevailed in much attention to 'protecting' women in Paris Ontario, as in the Penmans company's payment of quite low wages but also providing recreational and health care services."
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'Juvenile Delinquency': Its Evolution in Late 19th Century England, 2005.
Examines the so-called evolution of the concept of juvenile delinquency in late 19th Century England.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, £ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the so-called evolution of the concept of "juvenile delinquency" in late Victorian England. The object of the paper is to show that the notion of youth crime was considerably altered during this period--and has served as an exemplar of present-day systems.
From the Paper
"The notion that juvenile delinquency in particular and crimes committed by child and adolescents in general were separate from crimes committed by adults is considered a recent construct. In fact it was not until the first half of the the 19th century in England that such a notion first came about. A corollary to this was the idea that these types of crimes and criminals should be treated differently from hardened adult criminals..."
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The Urbanization of the Late 19th Century America, 1972.
This paper discusses the urbanization of the late 19th century America with emphasis on population migration, European immigration, technology and city-based industries.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, £ 38.95
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From the Paper
"The years following the Civil War ushered in the modern era of cities. It was during the half century between the Civil War and World War I that the move from the country to the city took place. In 1860, less than a quarter of the American population lived in a city or town; by 1890 the figure had reached a third; by 1910, nearly half.
The urbanization of late 19th century America took place at a staggering pace. Chicago, for example, doubled its population every decade but one between 1850 and 1890, growing from 30,000 to over a million in little more than a generation. Los Angeles jumped from less than 5,000 in 1860 to more than 100,000 in 1900, and Denver from nothing at all to 134,000, while Memphis with 23,000 in the earlier year exceeded 100,000 in the latter. In the nation as a whole, the proportion of people living in towns ... "
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The Industrialization of Russia in the Late 19th Century, 2002.
Sources of economic growth in late 19th Century Russia.
2,701 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the era of industrialization when Russia began a period of sustained economic growth that many historians have interpreted as the product of a successful policy. The paper makes a case for other reasons, such as Russia?s dramatic population increase combined with a small economic base, as well as increases in capital stock. The paper also proves that the relationship between policy and output is overstated.
From the Paper
"Russia?s weakness and the significance of its failure to industrialize were exposed to the world during the Crimean War (1854-1856) and became the catalyst for a period of economic changes that accelerated towards the end of the 19th century. While Russia remained poor in relation to its European neighbors, significant economic progress was made between approximately 1880 and 1900. Though many of the reforms and policies instituted by the Russian government were designed to foster industrialization, the objectives of these policies were primarily political. Through a focus on domestic policy, the government hoped to modernize the army and raise the Tsar?s international prestige and influence, both of which continued to be reduced by events since the Crimean War. The political impetus behind industrialization and Russia?s unique circumstances (autocracy, its size, chronic fiscal deficits, etc.) shaped the process in unique ways. Industrialization came much later, was generally more uneven and led to less political reform than in other European countries. Russia?s goal was to retake its ?rightful? place among Europe?s Great Powers, not necessarily lift its citizenry out of the quagmire of poverty."
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American Agrarian Discontent in the Late 19th Century, 1999.
An examination of the reasons behind the dissatisfaction of the American rural class in the 19th century, and how farmers organized to solve their problems.
1,088 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, £ 25.95
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From the Paper
"The late nineteenth century was a time of drastic change in the United States. The country was growing at an unprecedented rate, and the Industrial Revolution was sweeping the nation. This industrial revolution not only affected those working in the newly founded industries and those in the cities, but the revolution impacted the farmers as well. American farmers were, as a whole, dissatisfied with their state of affairs, and began an agrarian movement. The farmers' grievances were multifaceted, and generally had merit, though allegations of an organized conspiracy to thwart the farmers were unfounded. Further, the discontent of the farmers was displayed in the formation of an organized political movement, which never before existed to such a degree. "
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Unionization in the Late 19th Century, 1993.
A look at the formation and evolution of the labor movement after the Civil War, including skilled and unskilled workers, capitalistic growth, violence, major unions and leaders.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, £ 43.95
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From the Paper
"During the period following the Civil War in 1865 and before the "closing of the frontier" described by historian Frederick Jackson Turner at the turn-of-the-century, the United States of America experienced a burst of expansive growth almost unparalleled in history (Degler, 1970, p. 237). Within this brief window of time - a generation's average lifespan for the period, in fact - the fledgling nation which was only to celebrate its first centennial in 1876 was transformed from a largely agrarian society into an industrialized, multi-ethnic entity which no longer fit the standard categorizations established by its original western European models. It is within that context that the American labor movement as we recognize it today was born.
There had been organized labor unions prior to the Civil..."
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American Literature of Late 19th Century, 1997.
Examines realistic and naturalistic elements in fiction of Mark Twain, Henry James & Stephen Crane. Looking at their themes, plots, characters and world views.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, £ 38.95
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From the Paper
"he Gilded Age was the name given to the period around 1870 when considerable cynicism set in about politics and other aspects of society. Mark Twain used the term as the title for a book, an attack on the materialism, speculation, and corruption seen in the era after the Civil War (Howard 200). In literary terms, the period as marked by a growing sense of realism. The beginnings of Naturalism as a literary movement came in the 1890s and extended realism with a new emphasis. The realists had insisted on detailing the world in a realistic fashion and to do so by creating reality: "Art's task was not to record but to make life; reality was a constructed, not a recorded, thing" (Bradbury 8). Naturalism took a different view in its origins, and now the task of the novelist was to undertake a scientific study by recording facts, living conditions, and behavior:"
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Populism in the U.S. in the late 19th Century, 1993.
A look at the origins, the rise and fall, platform, leaders and impact.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, £ 54.95
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From the Paper
"This study will examine the Populist Movement in the United States in the late 19th century. The study will include consideration of the origins and rise of the movement (also officially known as the Peoples' Party) as well as its eventual demise.
As we read in Buck, "The Peoples' or Populist party . . . seems to have been the heir (of the Independent parties of the Granger period and the Greenback party]. The origin of the Populist party is to be found in the St. Louis platform adopted by the Farmers' Alliance and the Knights of Labor in 1889" (Buck, 1933, p. 309).
Clearly, then, as a movement before the formation of the party and as an official party, the Populist movement was rooted in the desire for reform. The members of the Populist movement were driven by a sense that the two major political parties were..."
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Marketing in the Late 19th Century, 1997.
Background, theory & practice of product promotion & advertising in print media. Includes examples (steel, medicine, cigarettes) and looks at the psychological aspect, socioeconomics and ethics.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, £ 49.95
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From the Paper
" Marketing Practices in the late Nineteenth Century
Introduction
The development of marketing thought as a theory began early in the twentieth century (Bartels, 1976, p. 9). Before that, market and trade behaviors were explained from a macroeconomic viewpoint (Bartels, 1970, p. 32) that characterized man as a social individual and an economic entity (Bartels, 1976, p. 13). Although such theories did discuss buyer behavior in the market, they did not offer a theory from the standpoint of the market or consumer until the contention that consumption is the end and object of production became the basis for marketing writers' taking a more "consumer" viewpoint (Bartels, 1976, p. 13).
Advertising Practices Leading up to the Late Nineteenth Century
The seventeenth century marked the development of the.."
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Rape In Britain In The Late 18th Century and Early 19th Century, 1997.
Examines legal, social, marital, literary, theoretical, moral, class and feminist issues, focusing on the views of women as possessions of men.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 15 sources, £ 66.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the issue of rape in Great Britain in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The plan of the research will be to set forth the social and cultural context in which the issue achieves significance and then to discuss patterns of activity within the culture that appear to show an evolution of consciousness and priorities in the understanding of the phenomenon.
The conceptualization of rape in Britain in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries appears to have been very much a social construction that dominated the whole of Western society, whether in England and the Empire, on the continent, or in the U.S. Thus however rape might have been perceived or experienced at the personal level, the principal social fact about the phenomenon was that it was subsidiary to more widely held views of social ..."
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Class Struggles in 19th Century England, 2002.
A look at England in the 1850's and the class struggles which existed between the landowners and the middle class, and the working class against the industrial revolution.
1,725 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
An examination of the chaos existing in 19th century England and the causes and consequences. The paper states that England?s development of a dual class struggle -middle class vs. aristocracy and working class vs. middle class - arose for several reasons. The most immediate and obvious cause was the industrial revolution, which impacted the country economically, socially, and politically.
From the Paper
"The year 1850 found England in the midst of some remarkable transitions. First, in the wake of the Industrial Revolution, England was in the process of evolving from being an agrarian society into being an industrial one. In fact, the year 1851 would mark the first year when the number of people in England?s cities and towns was greater than the number of people in her rural areas (Hibbert 67).
"Second, for the first time in the country?s history, the landowners, also known as the gentry or aristocracy, found themselves losing political ground and cultural influence to the middle class. The Middle Class, strengthened by the Industrial Revolution, had battered its way into the House of Commons and successfully passed several reform measures, such as the Prison Act, and the Lunacy Act, measures that the aristocracy would not have undertaken if left to their own devices."
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African-American Female Social Reformers Of The 19th Century-20th Century, 1995.
Describes the lives and careers of Sojourner Truth, Harriet Tubman, Ida B. Wells-Barnett and Fanie Lou Hamer.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, £ 49.95
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From the Paper
"The role of individual personalities in a social movement is often recorded in disproportion to the individual's achievement. Minorities have received short shrift in the past. Women in particular are apt to be slighted by historians who, until recently, were generally composed of educated white males viewing the past through a perspective that was sorely limited by lack of imagination and empathy. Needless to say, women of African-American heritage have been more likely lost in the shuffle of such opinion than white women and black men. As Arican-Americans in America moved from slavery to freedom, from segregated minority to still-being-attempted integration into the mainstream society, there has been a none-too-subtle discount of the black woman's accomplishments in the field of social reform. Nevertheless, there has been a strong spine of African-American ..."
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19th Century Literature, 2003.
A discussion of various novels from the 19th century, focusing on the role of the main female character in each.
2,555 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
A comparison of the characters in Jane Austen's "Sense and Sensibility", Samuel Richardson's "Pamela" and Fanny Burney's "Evelina". The paper begins by reviewing the literature that preceeded the 19th century and the changes evident in the 19th century. The writer then explores the roles of the main characters of each of the novels, as a part of their society and times.
From the Paper
"The eighteenth century was a very important time for the development of a new literary form known as the novel. As this literary form progressed, characterizations of femininity changed, reflecting changes in society. Samuel Richardson?s Pamela (1741) is a self-consciously moral antidote to the immoral novels of Aphra Behn, Delarivier Manley, and Eliza Haywood. The full title is: Pamela, or, Virtue Rewarded, and the latter part of the title forms the main theme of the novel. Jane Austen published Sense and Sensibility in 1811, nearly a half century later, and her female characters reflect a difference in attitude towards sentiment."
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19th Century American Theater, 2004.
Discusses the history of theater in America in the 19th century.
2,020 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
By the mid-19th century, theater in the United States had undergone a dramatic transformation. Theater became enormously popular and attracted a more genteel and wealthy audience. The paper shows how plays by American writers began to showcase social concerns, and actors and actresses enjoyed a new-found status as respected members of society. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" became one of the most popular plays of the time and typified American theater's new focus on social conditions. The paper shows that the last half of the 19th century marked significant changes in American theater. These changes were partially spurred by the large population growth in East Coast cities. As America grew, the number of theaters increased. Also as America's leisure time increased and wages increased, Americans looked to the theater for entertainment. The paper explains that improvements in transportation allowed actors and actresses to tour parts of America that had never had professional theaters, and the result was an explosion in the popularity of the theater.
From the Paper
"The historical accuracy of Uncle Tom's cabin was also indicative of the move toward the historical accuracy of sets, costumes, and dialects seen in 19th century theater (Robinson). The play is a 'melodrama', or simply a play with music, allowing American audiences all over the country exposure to the music of the Negro spiritual, which contained a complex mixture of dialect and music that depicted black culture of the time. In ACT II, Scene 4, Topsy sings 'Oh, I'se So Wicked', a song that characterized the life and dialect of southern slaves, and depicted the degradation of slaves."
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