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"The Language of the Land", 2003.
A review of "The Language of the Land: Living Among the Hadzabe in Africa" by James Stephenson.
781 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
In "The Language of the Land: Living Among the Hadzabe in Africa", James Stephenson tells a compelling story of one year of his life spent with the Hadzabe people in East Africa in 1997. This paper provides a review of the book and explains why it should not be dismissed as another 'travel' book.
From the Paper
"Stephenson was able to forget the "normal" fears of the 21st century and abandon the comforts and safety of his own time. The idea of a "future" was only a concept. He was no longer concerned about AIDS and sought multiple women for sexual pleasure. He went on drinking binges with his companions. He slept on the ground, endured mudslides, stinging insects, parasites, drank bad water, and ate baby starlings for breakfast. But he also admits to the danger of becoming a free, primal man as he writes, "The mental discipline that makes one restrain his/her action in the present...was no longer functioning properly...""
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"Globalization: Wonder land or Waste Land?", 2008.
An analysis of Murray Weidenbaum's arguments regarding globalization in his T.S. Eliot Lecture, delivered at the University of London in January of 2002, entitled "Globalization: Wonder land or Waste Land?"
815 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper critiques Murray Weidenbaum's T.S. Eliot Lecture, delivered at the University of London in January of 2002, entitled "Globalization: Wonder land or Waste Land?" The paper discusses Weidenbaum's arguments in favor of globalization and the benefits that can be achieved for the world as a whole, by utilizing it to its full potential.
From the Paper
"Given Weidenbaum's professional background and admitted bias, it is admirable that he manages to do precisely this - look at both the bright side and the dark side. His approach and suggestions are so realistic and pragmatic, and so unbiased, that it is hard to imagine that any but the most rabid fanatic on either side of the debate would not admit that he makes a valuable contribution with this speech. The strength of the speech derives from two aspects - the fact that he does manage to look at both sides, and that his suggestions have the refreshing ring of being attainable in the real world."
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Land of Dreams, Land of Troubles, 2004.
Traces the history of Japanese immigration to America, focusing on those who settled in California.
2,308 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the end of the Meiji period in Japan and the beginning of the country's modern period (1867-1912), which ultimately led to Japanese seeking their fortunes in the West, especially the United States. It traces the history of these immigrants, their impact on the economy, and the pitfalls they encountered in the form of racism and discriminatory laws. This anti-Japanese feeling reached its peak in 1941 with the Japanese invasion on Pearl Harbour and the internment of all Japanese-Americans on the West Coast of the United States. The paper also looks at how the American government has since awarded reparations to those interned and how descendants of Japanese immigrants fare today in American society.
From the Paper
"While many Japanese back in Japan initially waxed enthusiastic about the United States and its culture, the feeling in America was hardly mutual. As was typical of majority White America?s relations with Non-Whites, Japanese immigrants were scorned, and their culture denigrated. First, the United States had passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882. This was followed by restrictive measures against the Japanese. As Californians and other West Coast White Americans clamored to stop the flow of Japanese to their region, the American Government relied on a rather ingenious and disingenuous clause in its commercial treaty with Japan to staunch the flow of Japanese Labor by refusing to issue permits for their travel to the Mainland. The Japanese, along with the Chinese, were called the ?Yellow Peril,? their competition for American jobs and resources keeping these jobs and resources from ?real? Americans."
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Eliot and the Language of Difficulty, 1997.
A linguistic analysis of "The Four Quartets" by T.S. Eliot.
2,205 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper critically evaluates the complex linguistic structure of "The Four Quartets", focusing on circularity of Eliot's language and his frequent use of oxymorons. It argues that such linguistic devices signal Eliot's fundamental frustration regarding the inadequacy of language (both ordinary and poetic) and his search for a metalanguage. The paper also draws on Eliot's The Waste Land with its themes of hollowness and physical and linguistic disintegration.
From the Paper
"The most striking and insistent characteristic of The Four Quartets must be its difficulty both of language and content. As a poem, it has no objective, no defined conclusion: 'In my end is my beginning' is the resounding message which, if unraveled, only serves to send the reader round in ever widening circles . The construction of the poem provides an explanation for the apparent lack of linear progression - written from 1936 to 1942, the four sections were only conflated for an American audience in 1943. However, together they possess a somewhat conflicting homogeneity both echoing and contradicting each other."
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Edite Cunha's "Talking in the New Land", 2008.
This paper reviews Edite Cunha's essay "Talking in the New Land" about her life experience, from the age of seven to the age of nine, of having English as a second language.
1,120 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 0 sources, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Edite Cunha's "Talking in the New Land" demonstrates her great effort, living in a melting pot and trying to find her role in the family. The author points out that Cunha shows the struggle of being the interpreter for her family with great credibility, strong emotions and logic. The paper relates that Cunha gains credibility by using anecdotes of her younger self and by showing her emotions at each time. The author underscores that, when the young Edite is either forced to speak English or has to translate from English to Portuguese for her father, her feelings are always cold and fearful. The paper suggest that Cunha is trying to impress upon the readers that often with learning the public language the consequences are negative.
From the Paper
"In the beginning of the essay, when Edite is explaining her name, her words are filled with love, "in naming their daughters Maria, my people were expressing their love and reverence for their Lady of Fatima." But when in an English school she explains, "I never knew quite who I was" when her teacher changed her name to sound more American. Another example of intense emotion was when the young Edite and her father go to the Employment division and Edite reads the words on the doorway she recalls, "there was a growing coldness deep inside me.""
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Land Use Planning, 2002.
This paper outlines the different methods of land use planning and land use management, especially the multi-criteria analysis model and how it affects the future of land management.
4,890 words (approx. 19.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the current and future land requirement of the population at large has increased manifold due to an increase in the population size as well as the nature of the utility of the land. The paper points out that one of the most recent methods for land planning is multi-criteria analysis, which allows the decision maker to choose from among useful and probable alternatives thus making faster decisions. The author believes that the basic model of multi-criteria decision is to increase efficiency of landforms and manage it for the future with the view to better the community living standards.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Multi-criteria Analysis Method
Literature Review
Local Level Initiatives
Technological Tools
Sustainable Development
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The problem of land use planning stems from a multitude of issues and contingencies. Besides the population and environmental demands, social entities like business organizations and officials have to consider how land can be accessed. Transportation and labor are two aspects. Land on its own has little utility unless it is worked on through labor and technology. However the development of land is not so easily achieved unless the authority plans before hand how the problem of land use is going to be resolved. Transportation network for instance has to be constructed before the land is even distributed for usage. Labor and machineries has to be transported to the desired location of production and the facilities have to be set up to create a congenial working environment for the worker. The authority also has to consider whether the land is commercial or residential, for production or agricultural purpose or for conservation purposes. The categorization of land forms offers different alternatives for the decision maker and hence generates different decision framework alternatives. Planning cannot be done unless these criteria are set before hand."
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Forest Management on NIPF Lands, 2006.
This paper examines the implications for the future of forest management on non-industrial private forest (NIPF) lands as well as the dwindling timber supply on these parcels of land.
1,805 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the spatial and temporal pattern of Alabama's forested landscape as well as the implications for the future of forest management on NIPF lands. This paper defines forested land as a parcel of land that is producing or capable of producing more than 20 cubic feet/acre/year of industrial wood and is land not withdrawn from timber production. Much of this land is held by private landowners not involved directly in the timber industry. Extensive studies have been conducted in the southern states concerning the motivation behind usage of NIPF land, its impact on the regional economy and environmental factors. The counties chosen for this particular study are those which had the highest reported income from forest products. The six counties chosen were Clarke, Marengo, Pickens, Monroe, Hale and Wilcox. These counties are located in highly forested areas and have a high amount of NIPF land. According to several surveys, the areas of greatest softwood shortage are those located near large paper and pulp mills. This paper discusses the impending shortage in economic timber that the U.S. will be facing by the year 2020. The writer of this paper examines the various strategies available to halt the dwindling timber supply which include changing the manner in which NIPF lands are managed as well as stricter government regulations which would deter the conversion of native grasslands and wetlands into croplands.
From the Paper
"To determine if timber production is likely to be able to meet future needs, the ratio of growth to removal is measured. Timber inventories give an indication of how much timber is currently available. Using this model, it was found that only one state had a positive ratio, North Carolina at 1.15. Alabama's ratio was 0.91. Softwood removal rates consistently exceed growth rates. Hardwood removal ratios faired slightly better at above 1.3. Timber inventories increased from the 1960s through the 1970s, but leveled off in the 1990s. According to SERTS, softwood supplies are expected to decrease 30% by the year 2020. According to an FIA survey, the areas of greatest softwood shortage are located near large paper and pulp mills (Cubbage and Abt, 1998a). According to the SERTS model the southern US will be facing an economic timber shortage by the year 2020."
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Land Degradation in the Arab Region, 2005.
A discussion regarding the problem of land degradation in the Arab Region.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of land degradation in the Arab region over the past 70 years. This paper reviews the various reasons and causes of this land degradation, focusing on the increase in population who require water for human consumption and agriculture, land for agriculture and land for their livestock.
From the Paper
"Land degradation in the Arab region is primarily the result of a surge in the population growth in the past several decades. As the population had increased within the Arab region the need for water for human consumption, grazing land, and agriculture has risen. In an area that was already dry and naturally scarce in water supplies this added requirement for water has led to severe issues concerning the natural water sources and their ability to sustain the Arab civilization over time. Furthermore, cultivation of marginal land, as well as deforestation has created a situation in which natural trees and foliage have been depleted from the land surface, adding to the landmasses that are dry. As these dry land masses, or deserts are increased in the Arab lands the water is absorbed into the ground and the loss of foliage eventually leads to a loss of water."
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North and South: Views of the Land and its Use, 2002.
The following paper discusses the ways in which American settlers viewed the land in the North and South and looks at their expectations about its proper use.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 0 sources, £ 39.95
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Abstract
The following paper refutes the statement that slavery would have developed in the North if adventurers had landed in Plymouth instead of Jamestown by citing the varying ways in which people used the land as causes for either a wage-labor system or a slave-labor system. This paper will also explore the ways in which settlers viewed the landscape of the North and South as well as how the differing properties of each region;s land determined how it would be used by the settlers. Finally the writer discusses the ways in which the settler;s participation in a market economy led to uses of the land that differed from North to South depending on what sorts of crops grew on each type of land.
From the Paper
"By seeing the land as something to bring mankind benefit and profit to individuals, the settlers used to its fullest capacity and ended up causing serious soil depletion. Each farmer sought to make the greatest profit so that he and his family might have the luxuries that they desired. They weren"t so concerned with the preservation of the forests and wildlife as Henry David Thoreau was. Their view that nature was a hostile force to be conquered, subdued and profited from contrasted with his when he wrote, ;Before we can adorn our houses with beautiful objects the walls must be stripped, and our lives must be stripped, and beautiful housekeeping and beautiful living be laid for a foundation: now, a taste for the beautiful is most cultivated out of doors, where there is no house and no housekeeper; (Thoreau, 31)."
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European vs Aboriginal Attitudes to Land, 2006.
A study of the Aboriginal rights to look after the land of Australia.
2,103 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author questions the right of the "white" Europeans to take over and destroy the good soil of Australia.He questions the actions of the white Australians and highlights the history and rights of the Aborigines to his land, quoting many sources. The paper concludes that the Aborigines know the land better and he justifies their right to look after the land and not let it be destroyed.
From the Paper
" The problem with those of us who consider ourselves "civilized" and "up to date" is that we specialize, first in genocide, then in the rape of nature, and then create new specialties to repair the damage. Before the Europeans came, the Aborigines had no worries about the Ozone layer, or mastering a driver's test. Cricket, to them, was the sound of Nature at work, not some distant test match."
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Tribal Lands, 2004.
A look at the fight that Native-Americans have to put up regarding ownership of natural resources on their lands.
987 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper is based on the importance of conserving the tribal lands and how much pressure is on some tribal lands to give up their natural resources. This paper then covers the reasons why it is important to conserve the tribal lands and what culture and heritage the lands carry forward.
From the Paper
"The legacy of Native Americans is one of the most important heritages of American history and culture. Native Americans have traditionally had a land-based culture. Their land is their prime resource and fulfills a further objective of promoting their heritage and culture. Therefore, the importance of conserving the sites of traditional value for these tribes is of utmost importance. By protecting these sites, one can conserve the cultural, spiritual as well as the economical status of the Native Americans."
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African-American Land Acquisition, 2002.
A discussion of how African-mericans acquired land after the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and up to the 1930's.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the process of land aquisition of African Americans after their freedom from slavery from the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and after the Civil War. It examines how they formed their own small towns and communities away from the hostile whites and proceeded to educate themselves in order to negotiate with whites over land. It shows how many blacks had to return to their masters in order to earn a wage, how some got government grants to buy land for schools and churches and how in 1865, the Freedmens' Bureau was opened to help blacks acquire the land that they had been promised by the government when they were freed.
From the Paper
"Many blacks moved away from their former white masters, but some blacks, who had gotten on fairly well with their masters before they were freed, went back to work for those same masters, only this time it was for wages. This is how many blacks were able to buy land and have somewhere for they and their family to live. Sometimes these white masters?now bosses?would give the black man some of their land and let them build something on it. This was another way that black men acquired land after the Emancipation Proclamation and their freedom."
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Arbenz's Land Reform and Social Culture in Guatemala, 2001.
This paper examines the impact on Guatemala's social culture of the Arbenz land reform.
1,850 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 4 sources, £ 41.95
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Abstract
The following paper discusses the three major effects that land reform had on Guatemalan social culture. Questions such as: What groups, exactly, benefited from the reforms? What groups opposed them? What do the resulting conflicts over land reform reveal about the already existing character of Guatemalan society, and how that society partly transformed itself during the era before the "Liberation" by U.S. backed forces.\
From the paper:
"First, by redistributing land to, and encouraging greater political participation by, sectors of the Guatemalan population that had been harshly controlled and repressed for centuries, it awakened hope. Second, it brought to the fore many already simmering conflicts between different ethnic groups, classes and institutions in the countryside. Third, it invited a fanatical anti-Communist reaction by the landowners and the military that continues to shape Guatemala to the present day."
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Automating Land Survey Data, 2006.
A look at the methods and reliability of cataloging land survey data electronically.
2,094 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to define a series of system integration and process re-definition strategies to enable field notes obtained during land surveying to be electronically cataloged and automated for more efficient use. The paper addresses the reliability of the data itself, which is captured and noted in field notebooks. The paper focuses primarily on how to automate what is today a highly manual repository of data existing in the 200 field notebooks that comprise the accumulated data to this point.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Starting with Change Management Is Critical
From Data Repository to Enterprise Content Management System
Advantages of Creating a Land Surveying Content Management System
Disadvantages of Creating a Land Surveying Content Management System
Proposed Costs
Considerations of Change Management
From the Paper
"The disadvantages of implementing an automated system to better manage the land use notebooks center mainly on both the time needed during work hours to train users in new procedures for using the system, in addition to the costs of integration with other systems to keep the current one relevant over time."
"In the majority of instances there are many more costs associated with implementing a content management system than initially appear during the forecasting stage (Columbus and Murphy 2), and the level of integration with other systems continues to drive up the costs of these types of implementations. With all these shortcoming said however, the savings in efficiency and accuracy of queries does have a significant effect on the Return on Investment (ROI) of this type of program."
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