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Labour Relations and Management, 2005.
A discussion regarding labour relations in Canada, focusing specifically on the cases of Navistar and Western Customer Management Inc.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses two cases of labour relations and management issues in Canada, namely the Navistar case in Ontario and the Western Customer Management Inc. case in British Columbia. The paper briefly discusses the legal ramifications of the use of scabs and Ontario's decision in 1995 to lift the anti-scab legislation, which led to the injury of six Navistar employees during a strike.
From the Paper
"Why is Western management denying us access to free democratic vote? When it comes to union organization, it is illegal for employers to interfere and prohibit the creation of unions. In Canada, it is against the law for employers to use intimidation tactics and harassment in an effort to discourage employees from joining a union. Organizations are prohibited from discriminating and demoting workers based on their union membership. Under federal and provincial labour laws, employers are permitted to express their opinions so long as they do not commit illegal labour practices ("Your Rights", 2005, para. 4). "
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Human Relations Management, 2004.
This paper discusses the way various companies have solved current human relations management problems in the area of health care, information technology, and management systems.
2,600 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that some companies have begun experimenting with a labor/management partnership as a response to inevitable and rising costs of health care, which appears to be an effective model. The author points out that the experiences of companies, such as Hershey, Whirlpool, Starbucks, and Bang & Olufsen, provide important examples of the problem of introducing new information technology and its role in industry, especially in the area of human resources. The paper relates that the World Bank developed a Performance Advisory Service (PAS) model for dealings with problem workers, such as chronically poor performers, which does away with the hard-line approach of simply firing, demoting, or transferring the dysfunctional employee.
From the Paper
"Leadership failures occur most frequently because of ineptness, the inability to catch up with development requirements or simply because of a wrong diagnosis or handling of problems (Heisler 1989). Newer and more unprecedented changes and forces keep coming and, in many cases, they do not get addressed adequately because of a company's adherence to old ways. Managers and leaders get accustomed to old laws of doing things and, with the ingress of new developments, old programs prove ineffective, cash-draining and result in employee restiveness. There is urgent need to change the American business culture from a fast-buck and short-change format to a long-term and employee-oriented action as the only way to build or remain competitive. And there is greater need to adopt a system or a new vision in making a correct diagnosis and implementing correct responses to new problems within or affecting the human resources department.
Foremost among these new problems and issues are on health care, information technology and the management system."
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Labor and Industrial Relations in South Africa, 2008.
A discussion of the impact of the unique political and socio-economic situation in South Africa on labor relations and human resource management.
771 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how South Africa's unique cultural, socio-economic, and political situation imposes difficult challenges for labor relations and human resource management. The paper explains that since the end of apartheid, the country has faced the problem of how to bring about substantive equality, including economic equality. The paper then looks at how the new South African government eschewed the redistribution approach, and instead opted to implement systematic and sometimes extreme forms of affirmative action. The paper also points out that a good example of the affirmative action policies the new South African government put in place is the Black Economic Empowerment initiative (BEE), which was established with the Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Act in 2004. The writer believes that this initiative is a good one from a human rights perspective. However, from a human resources point of view, the challenge of this situation must be that artificially speeding up the promotion of people who have been systematically denied good education for so long, creates a danger that under-qualified people will be in management positions. The paper concludes that the problem of providing adequate training for people who have for so long been excluded from management positions is likely the biggest current problem facing human resources managers, as South Africa continues to change towards becoming a normal society.
From the Paper
"However, despite such descriptions, this initiative does primarily aim to improve the economic lot of blacks - given that it is they who suffer most from inequality. It does this with measures such as legislation and regulation, which aim among other things to put more blacks in management. For example, there is the balanced scorecard, which assesses whether there is sufficient black ownership of companies, sufficient black senior management, sufficient black human resource development and employment equity, etc. These factors are imposed as codes on state bodies, public companies and foreign investment companies. How well companies do on the score card affects vital economic factors, such as whether they are awarded contracts (Alexander, 2004)."
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Collective Bargaining and Labor Relations, 2007.
This paper explores labor relations and collective bargaining agreements in major league sports.
3,568 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses labor relations and the relative merits or weaknesses of certain collective bargaining agreements. The paper explains that when an employer and a union representative engage in a bilateral decision making process, it is termed labor contract negotiations, or more recently a collective bargaining situation. The paper relates that the effect of the collective bargaining agreements on major league sports in the United States has been very significant to all labor relations. The paper offers a recent example of the uses of collective bargaining as was seen in the application of a contract for the players of the National Football League. The paper concludes that ultimately, the advent of the collective bargaining agreement within sports has been beneficial since it decreases the number of strikes and lockouts and keeps the players, owners and fans happy.
From the Paper
"For many years, players of team sports were not considered to be workers who labored in a way that would be covered by the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA). In fact, in 1922, the Supreme Court stated that baseball clubs were accepted from anti-trust regulations and this effectively thwarted any attempts by baseball players to unionize for even the most basic protections. What one must remember is that these sports teams, while generally only focusing on the players, have other employees and so sport protection came with the allowance of the baseball players to engage in collective bargaining in 1969."
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Minority Labor Relations, 2007.
This paper is a literature review about minority labor relations with employees and suppliers especially in the healthcare industry.
12,190 words (approx. 48.8 pages), 34 sources, APA, £ 163.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that companies can help protect themselves from unfair labor relations accusations by having a clear human resources policy in place and always acting in good faith with employees, distributors, customers and suppliers. The author points out that the greatest economic problem in regards to discrimination in healthcare is the concern as to whether high management at many healthcare organizations are actually aware that many of their employees are not treating people equally when it comes to treatment, hiring practices, promotions and other issues. The paper relates that discrimination often is very hard to prove because there are ways to disguise it and make it look like something else; therefore, individuals discriminated against based on their race often have no recourse.
From the Paper
"Strategy is a very important element in decision making, and an organization needs to know where it is going before it tries to go. Otherwise, it will often flounder because it had no specific vision for the future. Decision making is very closely tied to conflict, in that it is often groups that make the decisions for an organization. This is especially important for companies that are involved in fields such as technology, since this field is rapidly changing and decisions that could make or break a company are literally made on an almost daily basis."
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The National Labor Relations Board, 2001.
A look at unfair corporate labor practices and the role of The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to administer the appropriate laws.
3,233 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper relates to unfair labor practices that develop in corporations, contracts and professional athletic teams. The paper encompasses the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) and why it disciplines and acts upon violating industries and associations. The composition examines five cases and one law review article. Through these cases, comparisons and dissimilarities between the disputing parties are investigated to demonstrate how the NLRB resolves these conflicts. In addition the cases are compared and contrasted to each other to explain how each individual case is unique in its unfair labor practice.
From the Paper
"The NLRB is acronym for the National Labor Relations Board. The NLRB was formed in 1935 under the Wagner Act and it guarantees non-supervisory employees the rights to self organize, choose their own assembly, and bargain collectively. The National Labor Relations Board is an independent administrative agency authorized by the Wagner Act of 1935 to oversee the laws, to investigate and hold hearings on unfair labor practice complaints, to issue cease and desist orders against employers discovered guilty of unfair practices, to determine the composition of appropriate negotiation units, and to oversee union certifications and decertification secret ballot election."
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Labor Relations and the Airlines, 2005.
A review on how terrorism and 9/11 have induced further tensions in labor relations in the airline industry.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses labor relations in the airline industry, noting how deregulation changed the nature of those relations and caused the airlines to seek more ways of cutting costs. This paper further discusses how 9-11 added to the costs for the airlines who were then forced to reduce salaries and divest pension plans, creating new tensions that have not yet worked themselves out.
From the Paper
"Labor relations for some industries can be quite contentious, while for others accommodations are often made on both sides. The airline industry shows examples of both, and in general labor disputes in the industry show a pattern of change in recent years, with new forces at work and with many new concerns bringing in government action, including concerns about the effect of labor problems on safety in the light of potential terrorist acts. As von Nordenflycht and Kochan (2003) write, "even before the events of September 11, 2001, observers perceived strains in the industry's labor relations system, claiming that contracts were taking longer to negotiate, rank-and-file rejections of tentative agreements were more frequent, and job actions were on the rise."
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Labor Relations in the U.S. Military, 2005.
Examines the U.S. military's "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy toward homosexuals and how this leads to strained labor relations.
1,067 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
The military policy of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" was developed to be a compromise between those who felt homosexuals should be allowed to serve in the military and those who wished them banned. However, due to multiple international conflicts, such as the war in Iraq, the Pentagon has issued a stop loss order for military personnel and the discharge of openly gay military members has, in many cases, been suspended, by simply ignoring claims of homosexuality or using the loophole that was devised to be able to retain members if needed. This paper examines the topic and shows that this hypocritical waffling is one of the military's biggest labor relations issues that needs to be addressed immediately.
From the Paper
"Although some gay servicemen have been discharged since the United States went to war in Iraq, cases such as Nguyen's and Hill's show that this is not always the case. Not only are military commanders not accepting simply a statement of homosexuality as proof, but also they are relying on the "for the good of the service" loophole to retain homosexual service members as well. As situations in other parts of the world intensify, such as Korea, Iran and Syria, and military troops are spread thinner, it is likely that the "Don't ask, don't tell" policy will continue to be overlooked and the built in loophole utilized more and more to retain all members of the service, no matter what their sexual orientation."
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The Labor Relations Process, 2006.
A discussion regarding the importance of the process of labor relations.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of the ratification of new contracts with union employees. It further discusses how the process should be accomplished in a timely manner with every party associated with the contract included in the negotiation process. The paper further stipulate that when management and labor do not agree to the full scope of the contract third party negotiators may be needed. Third parties selected must be capable of remaining neutral and listening to both sides of the argument in relation to the contract.
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Labor Relations In China, 2002.
Discusses changing labor management and relations in China.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, £ 27.95
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Abstract
Discusses changing labor management and relations in China. Impact of membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Availability of large pool of labor. Employee-employer relations. Unions. Worker's Councils. Profit sharing. Working conditions. Fringe benefits. Hours worked; holidays and vacations. Termination of employees. Foreign personnel; work permits.
From the Paper
"Labor Relations in China
Labor Relations
The concepts of labor management and labor relations as they are understood in the Western World are basically unrealized in China today, although that situation is changing rapidly, and, most experts agree, will probably change more as China become fully vested as a World Trade Organization member.
Availability of Labor
According to a special report on labor in China, as of June 1, 2000, there were more than 200 million people earning work wages, and half of them are affiliated with labor unions. However, those wages typically average $20 to $30 U.S. a week. Likewise, most of the available labor is moving to the cities along the coasts, where the wages are higher, sometimes reaching $400 a month. There is, the ..."
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Australian Labor Relations, 2002.
An examination of the relationships between management and labor forces in corporate Australia.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the industrial relations and labor negotiations within the corporate structure of Australian companies. It examines the history of union density amongst the Australian laboring population, focusing on its decline in recent years. The writer shows how this decline and a corresponding increase in individual responsibility for negotiation has been reinforced by a retreated role of state involvement and resulted in a more independent, innovative, and less adversarial Australian work force.
From the Paper
"According to a recent article on ?Future Directions for Industrial Relations,? the political thinker Richard Marles criticized what he saw as a shift in Australian labor relations from one which had taken into consideration the unique needs of the worker in contrast to corporate interests, to a more privatized approach to industry where worker?s needs and corporate needs were assumed to be the same. (Marles Online Opinion) He states this is contrary to the overall positive trend in Australian labor policies. Marles traces the history of conflicts between labor and the emerging capital all the way back to the 1890?s. This conflict, he states, in the industrial markets was only resolved in 1904, through the introduction of the Conciliation and Arbitration Court. This ultimately became the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. The Commission?s stated aim was to allow the inherent differing interests of capital and labor in the Australian economy to be resolved through a debate rather than letting the vagaries of the workplace determine how the cost of human toil was bought and sold. (Marles Online Opinion; ?Trade Unionism? The World Book Encyclopedia Online)"
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Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining, 2007.
This paper looks at the issue of collective bargaining and at labor organizations.
1,356 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that collective bargaining is a process by which wages, hours, rules and working conditions are negotiated and agreed upon by a labor union with an employer for all the employees collectively, which it represents. The writer discusses the matter of labor relations and collective bargaining. The writer notes that starting out as benevolent associations, which were ineffective in negotiating their work conditions with employers, labor organizations were empowered only after the passage of the Wagner Act in 1935. The writer concludes that, today, human relations officers and other experts know that unions are basic in certain industries and they must do their part in the negotiation table. Additionally, the writer concludes that company negotiating teams realize the value of developing a sincere, open and trusting relationship with the union representative, of keeping its word or commitment, of listening to the other side's concerns with sincerity and showing respect towards union representatives and employees in their dealings.
From the Paper
"During unstable times in the 1800s, there was a clamor for the benevolent function of labor organizations as services and as a mechanism to keep the unions strong and stable. Benevolent associations evolved into effective bargaining agents, which mostly formed around a craft, like cigar making and carpentry. These associations generally administered or organized their own funds. Their services were important in gathering membership in labor organizations, which later became unions. Before the Wagner Act of 1935, organized labor was not too successful in bargaining for higher wages and fewer hours of work, as employers then had the upper hand in dealing with unions. Employers were not obliged to recognize unions or to bargain with them. Labor organizations of the 19th and 20th centuries confront membership problems precisely because of their lack of effectiveness as bargaining agents. Workers did not see it worthwhile to become members and pay union dues. Some even feared losing their jobs when jobs were scarce. It was the mutual-type of benefits, which kept members in a union. The death and pension benefits it offered strongly enticed membership despite its ineffectiveness in negotiating higher wages and fewer hours. Many of these associations became unions, which began to discuss wages, hours and the workplace within their structure."
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Labor Management Relations, 2008.
A discussion on the methods of improving productivity and relationships between labor unions, employer and employee.
2,038 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper presents an in-depth narrative on the importance of efficient labor cost management and highlights the effects that labor unions have on a business organization. In particular, the paper discusses the fact that unions and lean production programs are there to ensure correct planning of the methods employed to increase efficiency and productivity. The paper also relates that, if these factors are implemented, employers can introduce ideal levels of communication and receive co-operation and assistance from employees.
Outline:
Introduction
Common goals
Common challenges
Common realities
Strategic options and approaches
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Sound directives from management lead to responsiveness to company culture and inspire loyalty to the company. When workers feel secure, properly represented and involved in the company, the desire for collective action is not as significant (Dong-One and Voos, 1997). Sound leadership and motivation is able to guide the members of the organization towards the accomplishment of the major goal which is profits, efficiency and effectivity of the company.
"To achieve these, one has to be able to manage labor relations well. So, if workers turn to union organization as a means of communication and solving their concerns, considering the decline in unionization by workers, it may very well mean indeed that leadership and motivation strategies that are being implemented is not effective or enough to develop optimum labor relations."
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The Management of Labor, 2004.
This paper surveys scientific labor management theories, which became more defined and structured with the onset of the Industrial Revolution.
2,090 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the scientific management theory proposed by Taylor, the first to introduce the concepts of specialization of labor and the breaking down of tasks into discrete and independent functions, was instrumental in launching the mass production era in the U.S. The author points out that Frank and Lillian Gilbreth introduced motion study; not the time taken for the job, but rather the motion involved in completion of the task was considered more important. The paper relates that all the contemporary management theories place high emphasis on employee training and skill development. Since the 1990s, there has been an emerging approach to manage organizations using an ?engaged learning system? coupled with a continuous learning environment through all ranks of the organization.
From the Paper
"Elton Mayo was the first to bring the human element into the equation of management. While Maslow and McGregor would later identify and postulate the motivational theories for individuals, Mayo believed that worker satisfaction and performance were interdependent. The working conditions, the management attitudes and the quality of life within the organization were all important factors. Where ?Taylorism? appeared to be beneficial for the business owner, Mayo?s theories looked into the welfare and well-being of the workers as well. Negative effects of coercion and power control were easy to identify. It was observed that management could achieve a lot more if they were sympathetic to the worker needs and the work environment. The influence of peer pressure and group conformity was also identified as important in managing people and situations."
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