| Papers [1-14] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 8] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 —> | Search results on "IRAN CONTRA SCANDAL": |
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The Iran Contra Scandal, 2006.
This paper discusses the Iran Contra scandal, one of the greatest scandals in recent US government history.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
The Iran Contra scandal is one of the greatest scandals in US government in recent memory. It was certainly the biggest foreign policy scandal during the 1980s. It involved at its heart two secret operations conducted by the executive branch of the United States government. The Reagan administration facilitated the sale of military equipment to Iran an enemy of the United States and considered a nation that sponsored terrorism. With the money from that sale a second operation was funded: Military aid was provided to the contra rebels in Nicaragua, aid that Congress had previously banned. This paper details the events surrounding the Iran-Contra scandal that took place during former President Reagan's term in office. The paper discusses why these actions were so scandalous and what it meant in terms of the US government's abuse of its power and its disregard for the Constitution. The paper contends that the scandal represents a major abuse of the constitutional authority afforded the executive branch of the US government, not to mention an affront to the checks and balances system that is supposed to keep each branch of government from amassing too much power.
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Iran-Contra Scandal, 1992.
An examination of the roots of the scandal in Vietnam including the U.S. attitude toward foreign policy decision-making, Reagan's management style, economic deception, the role of Israel, hostages, the war in Nicaragua and Congressional investigation.
4,275 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 8 sources, £ 95.95
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From the Paper
"The first week of November, 1986, was possibly the worst week of Ronald Reagan's Presidency. It began on an upbeat note, on Monday, with the release of an American hostage by radical Shiites in Lebanon. But this hostage release failed to provide any "November surprise" for Reagan's and the Republican cause the next day: On Tuesday, November 4, the midterm congressional elections returned control of the Senate to the Democrats. Practically all of the Republican candidates for whom Reagan had personally campaigned were defeated. And, on that same day, an obscure Lebanese weekly newspaper, Al Shiraa, published a report which made a bizarre allegation: that the Reagan Administration, which had vowed never to negotiate with terrorists, had in fact sold arms to Iran in turn for the release of hostages (Johnson, 1991, pp. 295-96)..."
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Iran-Contra Affair, 2004.
An analysis of the Iran-Contra Affair and the covert actions of the U.S. government and the CIA.
1,537 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce and analyze the topic of the Iran-Contra Affair. Specifically, the paper discusses what the Iran-Contra Affair was, how it developed, how it was discovered, the Congressional hearings, and the aftermath. The Iran-Contra Affair was really a series of covert operations initiated by the Reagan Administration and carried out, first, by the CIA and then the NSC. These affairs were investigated by Congressional committees after they became public and were as detrimental to the government as the Watergate affair because they subverted the Congress and the Constitution.
From the Paper
"The Iran-contra affair is certainly one of the most notorious acts in United States governmental history. Many critics have likened it to the Watergate Scandal of the 1970s Nixon administration in terms of importance and sheer ignorance. One writer noted, "The Iran-contra affair raised serious questions about the nature and scope of congressional oversight of foreign affairs and the limits of the executive branch" (Editors 23448). After the Congressional hearings ended, numerous reports and recounting of testimony were published, including a 690-page report from the Tower and other committees who investigated the affairs. Caspar Weinberger (Secretary of the Defense) and several other participants were pardoned by President George H.W. Bush in 1992, and North and Poindexter's criminal convictions were eventually overturned, so very little actually happened legally to the main participants in the affairs."
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The Iran-Contra Affair, 2008.
This paper describes in detail the Iran-Contra affair, a part of the legacy of the Reagan presidency.
4,985 words (approx. 19.9 pages), 18 sources, MLA, £ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, when Ronald Reagan became president, one of his most crucial goals was to stop the spread of leftist ideologies in Central America especially in Nicaragua. The author points out that, in Reagan's second term, this objective expanded into several separate entities concerning secret arms deals with the nation of Iran for the release of American hostages and the covert shipping of weapons and cash to the Contra rebels in Nicaragua. The paper relates that the amazing details of these allegedly illegal actions were revealed to the public and became part of the American cultural consciousness in the form of "Irangate". The author stresses that a long series of highly-publicized governmental hearings, special investigations and the prosecution of many upper echelon officials of the Reagan and Bush administrations revealed that some kind of clandestine operation had occurred, which would determine U.S. foreign policy for years to come.
From the Paper
"The ultimate findings of the Tower Commission were not good for Oliver North who continued his covert operations with Iran for at least another year, all the while transferring arms and cash to his beleaguered Contra amigos in Nicaragua and shredding thousands of documents with the able assistance of his beautiful and loyal secretary Fawn Hall. When Oliver North was given complete immunity by the joint congressional hearings, he made it crystal clear to everyone involved that he was only carrying out his orders so as to defend his self-proclaimed "Operation Democracy"."
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The Iran Contra Affair, 2002.
A look at the political consequences of this event that took place during the Reagan Administration.
2,340 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the reason why President Ronald Reagen may have considered getting involved in toppling the Sandinista government of Nicaragua. It looks at the domestic and foreign policies of the administration and questions the possible motives for such a potential scandal. It looks at what the government thought it could benefit from involvement in this matter.
From the Paper
"High-ranking members of the administration of President Ronald Reagan and President Ronald Reagan himself were amongst the people who violated United States laws during the Iran Contra Affair. The reasons for doing this may be speculative, it is certain that these people arranged the secret sales weapons to the terrorists of Iran. Why did Reagan do this? How did the government allow such actions by members of Reagan?s Administration? Who was the Nicaraguan ?contra? rebels? Was Reagan?s hatred of communism so great that he placed America in danger?"
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U.S. Policy Toward Iran and Iran, 1999.
Examines the evolution from the 1960s-90s. Discusses leadership, Cold War and the Balance of Power ideologies, the Iran-Iraq War, terrorism, the Persian Gulf War, dual containment and economic issues.
4,500 words (approx. 18.0 pages), 26 sources, £ 95.95
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Abstract
This research discusses the evolution of American foreign policy toward Iraq and Iran in recent decades. In the 1970s, the United States relied chiefly on Iran, which it supported with economic and military aid to maintain its interests in the region.
From the Paper
"AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY TOWARD IRAQ AND IRAN
Introduction
This research discusses the evolution of American foreign policy toward Iraq and Iran in recent decades. In the 1970s, the United States relied chiefly on Iran, which it supported with economic and military aid to maintain its interests in the region. After the Khomeini Revolution of 1979 and during the Iran-Iraq War of 1980-1988, it played Iraq and Iran against each other but, as time went by, shifted most of its support to Iraq. During the Persian Gulf War, the United States marshalled a powerful coalition war effort against the Iraqis but stopped short of marching on Baghdad and toppling Saddam Hussein for fear of shifting the power balance in the central Middle East to Iran. Since 1993, the Clinton administration has pursued a policy of ..."
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Presidential Wrongdoing, 1991.
The role of the U.S. Department of Justice in cases of alleged crimes by presidents, emphasizing Watergate and the Iran-Contra scandal.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, £ 33.95
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From the Paper
"This study will examine the role of the United States Department of Justice in cases of alleged Presidential wrongdoing. The study will deal with the law in general regarding such investigations, but will concentrate primarily on the Watergate and Iran-Contra scandals which rocked the administrations of President Richard Nixon and President Ronald Reagan. We shall discover in this study that because the Department of Justice is legally under the auspices of the executive branch, and, therefore the President of the United States himself, the Attorney General (head of the Department of Justice) and the Justice Department as a whole are thrown into major conflicts of interest when they are involved with investigating the President. The President, after all, has appointed the Attorney General, who is often one of his most..."
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Priming Effect of Media on Political Perceptions, 2000.
Analysis of an article on the theory that media coverage affects perceptions of President's performance, focusing on the Iran-Contra scandal.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 1 source, £ 50.95
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From the Paper
" Krosnick and Kinder (1990) conducted a test of their theory of "priming" in a study based on data gathered by the 1986 National Election Study (NES). The data was compiled in the period preceding and following the 25 November 1986 announcement by the Reagan White House that funds secured from the sale of arms to Iran had been diverted by members of the President's National Security Council (NSC) to the Contra forces fighting to overthrow the Sandinista government of Nicaragua. Priming deals with the effect of news media attention to certain stories on individuals' assessments of the President's performance and had, according to the literature reviewed here, been supported by experimental tests. The authors felt that the fortunate chance of a major scandal occurring in the midst of a major information gathering initiative provided them with a rare opportunity to..."
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Political Scandals, 2004.
A discussion on the effects of Watergate and the Iran Contra Affair.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses two major political scandals namely, Watergate and the Iran/Contra Affair. It contends that both served to expose corruption at the highest levels of government and undermined public trust in politics.
From the Paper
"The two most significant political scandals of substance since have been Watergate and the Iran Contra Affair under the Nixon and Reagan administrations respectively. In the former scandal critics of President Nixon maintain that he undermined the electoral process and tried to expand the powers of the Executive Branch beyond their constitutional scope the result of his knowledge and participation in the cover-up of an attempted break in into the Democratic National Headquarters at the Watergate ..."
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The Contras, 2002.
Intelligence processing and exploitation In the Iran-Contra involvement.
3,650 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 11 sources, £ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes intelligence cycle focusing on processing and exploitation in the involvement of the Contras.
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Oliver North, 2005.
This paper discusses Oliver North, specifically his involvement in the Iran-Contra Crisis of the 1980s.
1,365 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Oliver North, notorious participant in the Iran-Contra Crisis of the 1980s, represents a low time in American history and a shows how even the strongest and most secure governments can fall to scandal, mistrust and misuse of their power and influence. The author points out that North's years as a Marine in the 1970s helped form his conservative outlook and dedication to duty that served him so well in his governmental career. The paper relates that, even through the Iran-Contra affairs were scandalous, North did not seem to see his part in them as wrong, called the contras "freedom fighters" and thought funding them was a "neat idea".
From the Paper
"Oliver North was born on October 7, 1943 in San Antonio, Texas. He was raised in Philmont, New York, and after he graduated from high school he attended the State University of New York at Brockport, and then the U.S. Naval Academy, where he graduated in 1968. After he graduated from the Naval Academy, he served as a U.S. Marine for twenty-two years. During this time he fought in the Vietnam War, and was awarded the Silver Star, the Bronze Star for valor, and two Purple Hearts for wounds in combat. He rose to the rank of Lieutenant Cornel during his time with the Marines. He actually only spent a short time in Vietnam during his career. Later, he was an instructor in basic training at Quantico Marine Base from 1969 to 1973. Then in the late 1970s he was posted at the Naval War College in Newport, R.I.."
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Religion, Sex Scandals and Corruption, 2002.
A look at the role of organized religion in the creation of sex scandals with a focus on the scandal surrounding Bill Clinton.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 8 sources, £ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the impressions that politics are given by religious organizations in respect to sex scandals. This paper demonstrates that the sex scandal itself is actually perceived as a remarkably minor event in the political spectrum, but rather it is the influence of religious organizations that promotes the sex scandal to epic proportions. In order to better explore this topic, the example of former American President Bill Clinton is used. Clinton should be considered the ideal candidate for such an investigation, as his entire presidency was affected by sexual scandals and the outcome of such scandals.
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The Watergate Scandal, 2006.
This paper argues that the Watergate scandal and other political scandals provided a means for reinforcing American moral values.
2,490 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Watergate scandal represented a crisis situation in which the public, the elites and the media, driven by solidarity, collaborated to eliminate an evil so that the social body could continue its normal existence. The author points out that the Watergate scandal proves that society is a moral phenomenon organically driven by the desire to defend the principles of morality because of its awareness of the fundamental importance played by these principles. The paper suggests that political scandal serves as an interruption of the profane everyday living and inserts a sacred dimension. This dimension renews the forces of the society by identifying and eliminating an evil while simultaneously remembering and reinforcing society's basic principles.
From the Paper
"The American society gives a lot of importance to the moral legitimating of the political regime. It is not only the Watergate scandal that proves it, but also other scandals involving presidents, such as the one involving Bill Clinton. In the case of President Clinton, the most serious mistake that he made was not that he had an affair (even if this too represents an action against the moral principles and reflects an unhealthy attitude towards family). The most serious mistake that both Nixon and Clinton did was to lie to the American people, denying their guilt."
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International Conflict between Iran and the U.S, 2005.
An analysis of the international conflict between Iran and the U.S., focussing on Iran's nuclear proliferation and the ideological differences between the two nations.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the conflict that has been brewing between the United States and Iran, which has revolved ostensibly around Iran's possible violations of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). The paper shows that the conflict between Iran and the U.S. has been evident in the international policies of both nations. Iran has engaged in a series of political and economic actions that are directed squarely at undermining the U.S.'s international authority. The U.S., in turn, has tried to rally international support, largely through the United Nations Security Council, to control Iran's actions.
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