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The IRA and the Freemen of Montana, 2005.
A comparative analysis of the Irish Republican Army and the Freemen of Montana.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 9 sources, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses two terrorist organizations, one foreign and one domestic--the Irish Republican Army and the Freemen of Montana. It examines how they think, train and act, issues of membership and possible ways of countering their activities, as well as similarities and differences between the two, with the similarities including a religious component for each.
From the Paper
"Terrorism is not a new phenomenon, though it has become more prevalent in parts of the world where formerly it was rare. Terrorism has been used most frequently in recent years in Israel and other parts of the Middle East and in Africa, but terrorism is a widespread problem where any disaffected group that believes it can gain attention only through violence kills innocent civilians and destroys property to gain that attention. With the attacks on the World Trade Center, first in 1993 and then in 2001 on 9-11, concern about terrorism in the West increased greatly, especially in the United States. Americans still think of terrorism first in terms of foreign groups, though there are domestic terrorist groups as well. Americans should know this after the bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma, but still they tend to see terrorists as foreign-made. "
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The Irish Republican Army (IRA), 2005.
This paper discusses, in the context of the modern times, the cultural conflict in Northern Ireland between the IRA, the Unionists and the governments.
1,945 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, within its historical context, the IRA formed as a pro-Catholic organization in Northern Ireland to react against British rule, presents a religious issue: The guerrillas of the IRA count on sympathizers from the Catholic population on both sides of the border; whereas, Protestant fears of the Catholic threat became the stock in trade of the Unionist Party. The author points out that, in the modern era, the IRA is still using guerrilla and terrorist tactics and many of the efforts to restrain violence have failed; Even though recently there have been more meetings between the IRA and the British government, violence is a continuing problem with the peace agreements always breaking apart, and cease-fires appear presently to be very fragile. The paper stresses that coming up with a negotiating solution for the problem is difficult because both sides have objectives that are completely incompatible plus the continuing factors: The continuing tendency of the Tories to play for the Unionist MP's support; the inertia, which prevents any constituency arising in British politics to do and the deja-vu factor of hopelessness.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Current Problem
Possible Solutions
From the Paper
"In modern times of the IRA, which I consider in this report to be roughly the sixties to the present, political as well as religious issues must also be considered in terms of history. Ireland was partitioned into Northern and Southern Ireland in the 1920s, and the Irish Free State was formed after fighting and conflict. This involved political turmoil between Northern Ireland and the UK Parliament, as well as the Irish Republic and its government. The IRA was involved at this time at leading a war against the Irish Free State, which was designed to give Northern Ireland over to UK control."
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The U.S. Government Thrift Savings Plan vs. the Roth IRA, 2002.
A comparison of the U.S. government?s Thrift Savings Plan and The Roth IRA for military pension plans.
2,120 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines use of rate of return and annual cash flow analysis techniques to evaluate the relative benefits to the military member of investing in the U.S. government Thrift Savings Plan or the Roth IRA. This paper includes charts, graphs and calculations. The author of the paper states that the analyses are only an average of historical returns, future performance is not guaranteed.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Assumptions
Historical Trend Data
Rate of Return Analysis
Annual Cash Flow Analysis
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Enlisted members of the United States Armed Forces have, just within the last year, been given a new vehicle through which to invest their retirement money--the government Thrift Savings Plan, or TSP. Available to civilian federal employees for years past, the TSP works much like a 401(k) plan works in the private sector, offering "military members the potential to supplement military retirement significantly and also reduce current taxes by contributing from pre-tax dollars and watching tax-deferred earnings accumulate" (Air Force News Archive, 2002, n.p.). The current limit on annual contributions for service members is capped at seven percent of a member's base pay, but that limit is expected to increase to ten percent by the year 2005 (Air Force News Service, 2002)."
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Ira Berlin?s "Many Thousands Gone", 2005.
This paper discusses Ira Berlin's book "Many Thousands Gone", which traces the evolution of black society in the New World.
915 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Ira Berlin's book "Many Thousands Gone" demonstrates that the meaning of slavery and of race itself was constantly changing as the nation moved toward independence: (1) Beginning in the early seventeenth century, the Charter Generation of slavery was a society with "black" slaves, indentured servants and Atlantic creoles whose position was determined by social and economic status and not by color; (2) The Plantation Generation, whose wearing labor was the sole meaning of black society and, (3) finally, the Revolutionary Generation who represent a freed black society. The author points out that, even in the worst of circumstances, slaves always held a strong card, the threat of rebellion; and, through negotiation, slaves not only carved out an independent social sphere but also they created their own world. The paper relates that, in each generation, slaves' and masters' correlation and co-dependence as well as the political and economical influence of slavery were important influences in the history-making of America.
From the Paper
"Ira Berlin described the political impact in all three generations. The primary reason for slaves, indentured servants and Atlantic Creoles to be imported into America was to work the hard fields and other tasks white colonials could not do. Although in the Charter Generation slaves could become masters and own slaves, whites did not allowed too long for this inferior society to compete with them. For example, Anthony Johnson, an Atlantic Creole who gained his freedom after many years of labor, struggled to negotiate and deal with white colonials. "Vulnerable black people paid premium prices for goods and services that white men and women bought cheaply," Berlin described."
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Larry Watson?s ?Montana 1948?, 2004.
This paper discusses the meaning of all the guns in Larry Watson?s ?Montana 1948?.
860 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 0 sources, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the meaning of each gun of the many guns as they come in and out of David Hayden?s life in Larry Watson?s ?Montana 1948?. The author points out that, although each of the guns has an individual meaning, the one constant theme is protection. The paper states that the one unvarying thing in David Hayden?s young life is that there always are guns all around him.
From the Paper
"It is one of the guns in Julian?s arsenal makes it?s presence during a family trip to Minneapolis. After returning from the bar, Wes tells Gail that ?Pop has pulled out that .32 revolver of his? to let ?the city boy? know he is not intimidated by what he was saying (74). Julian tries to protect the boots that he loves, his life as a rancher, being an outsider in this town and being a lawman during this confrontation. David interprets the meaning of Wes?s story to be that the ?.32 revolver? that Julian had served as protection for the Hayden?s way of life in Montana."
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?Montana 1948", 2004.
A literary analysis of Larry Watson?s novel "Montana 1948".
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper offers a review of the though provoking novel "Montana 1948" by Larry Watson. The writer shows how racism, as seen in the novel, can result in tragedy. The book is the retrospective tale of a childhood event told by the protagonist David Hayden forty years later. The story evolves around the alleged professionally unacceptable behavior of a physician towards his Indian patients.
From the Paper
"Among David?s primary recollections concerning the events of 1948 is the realization that Marie Little Soldier?s bedroom was ?a small room off the kitchen,? despite the fact that there was a ?third bedroom? vacant on the second floor ? the floor where the white people slept. ?Who decided that room should not be Marie?s?? Despite the Hayden?s tolerant and benevolent appearance, and their adequate treatment of Marie, they obviously are subtly influenced by the prejudice based on the belief in the superiority of a particular race. Wesley ?was not a hate filled bigot ? he probably thought he was free of prejudice.? Wes was able to ?treat Indians with generosity, kindness, and respect? nevertheless he believed Indians? were ignorant, lazy, superstitious and irresponsible."
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"Miles City, Montana", 2002.
An examination of the main theme in this short story by Alice Munro.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Alice Munro, in her short story "Miles City, Montana", links a series of incidents which at first seem connected only because they are recounted by the same woman, yet there are inner connections which help develop an idea about human relationships and the connection people make between life and death, especially the connections they make to each in their own lives.
From the Paper
"The story takes place in the past, and it is being told by a woman looking back on different times of her life. She thus selects certain incidents because they have particular meaning for her and because they connect in her mind. Even the story told in the "present" about the trip she and her family took is some distance in her past, for she mentions that she has not seen Andrew in some time: I haven't seen Andrew for years, don't know if he is still thin, has gone completely gray, insists on lettuce, tells the truth, or is heart and disappointed (380)."
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The IRA and Terrorism, 2002.
A paper that argues the pros and cons of terrorism in Ireland.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This ethical debate paper examines the two sides of terrorism as employed in Ireland. It takes the stand that there is little justification for continued violence and that what once may have been a very cohesive moral struggle seems now to have become nothing more than a battle for territory among influence peddlers and organized crime elements.
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"Slaves Without Masters" by Ira Berlin, 1993.
A critical review of the work on the lives of the freed slaves in pre-Civil War South.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 1 source, £ 50.95
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From the Paper
"This study will examine how the freed slaves in the antebellum (pre-Civil War) South lived, worked, and interacted with the white supremacist society around them. The source for this study will be Ira Berlin's Slaves Without Masters: The Free Negro in the Antebellum South.
The reality of life and work for the free Negro in the South before the Civil War and the Emancipation Proclamation was a mixed one: "Freedom allowed blacks to reap the rewards of their own labor, to develop a far richer social life, and to enjoy the many intangible benefits of liberty . . . Some free Negroes . . . acquired wealth and social standing. A few masterless slaves themselves became slave masters . . . Yet neither were they free. Instead, Southern free Negroes balanced precariously between abject slavery, which they rejected, and full freedom, which was..."
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Employee Compensation and Pension Plans, 2002.
A study of Individual Retirement Arrangement (IRA) and Roth-IRA personal retirement savings plans.
1,060 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the viable options for personal retirement saving: Individual Retirement Arrangement (IRA) and the Roth-IRA. The paper describes the tax benefits of the funds and the annual contribution limits. It provides complex information on stock option plans and stock ownership plans. The paper is packed with statistics and charts on the financial benefits for these plans.
Table of Contents
1. Individual Retirement Arrangement (IRA) and Roth-IRA
2. Traditional and Roth IRA
3. Annual Contribution Limits
4. Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) and 401(k) Plan
5. Incentive Stock Option Plan
6. References
From the Paper
"Generally called an Individual Retirement Account is a personal retirement savings plan that is available to anyone during the year who receives taxable compensation. For contribution purposes of IRA, compensation includes salaries, alimony, fees, wages, bonuses, commissions, tips, taxable and separate maintenance payments (Quinn. 1998)."
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Retirement Plans, 2002.
An in-depth look at three types of retirement plans to see which provides a person with better coverage in later years.
12,194 words (approx. 48.8 pages), 14 sources, APA, £ 166.95
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Abstract
Almost one-third of American workers are failing to prepare themselves for a comfortable retirement, according to a new survey conducted by American Express. Lack of knowledge and expertise causes many Americans to make poor choices regarding their retirement options.
The paper shows that saving for retirement is a major challenge for millions of Americans today. With an abundance of retirement options, including tax-deferred retirement plans, 401(k)s and IRAs, investors are often confused about which option will make the most of their savings dollars. This paper provides a review of the fundamental of these powerful retirement options in an effort to provide future retirees with the information needed to start investing in their futures. The study examines three major retirement options?Social Security, 401 (k) plans and IRA Accounts?in an effort to determine whether one type of option is superior over another. This research is based on existing literature, collected from a variety of sources, as well as empirical research derived from the opinions of financial professionals. Basically, this paper reveals whether or not there is a single best retirement option or if different people require different types of investment.
The paper includes tables, graphs and illustrations.
Table of Contents
Chapter One?Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Scope of the Study
Rationale of the Study
Definition of Terms
Overview of the Study
Chapter Two?Literature Review
Introduction
All About Social Security
About 401 (k) Plans
How a 401(k) Plan Works
About 401(k) Plans
Advantages of 401 (k) Plans
Maximizing the Potential of a 401 (k) Plan
About IRAs
The Benefits of an IRA
IRAs in a Nutshell
The Traditional IRA
The Roth IRA
Chapter Three?Methodology
Approach to Study
Data Gathering Method
Database of Study
Validity of Data
Originality and Limitations of Study
Chapter Four?Data Analysis
Chapter Five?Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Because Social Security provides benefits to millions of Americans, it is often perceived as a like a simple retirement savings account (National Center for Policy Analysis, 2003). Many believe that if they simply contribute through payroll deductions, they will get that money back at retirement. However, Social Security is a complex social program rather than a retirement plan. By design, Social Security involves massive subsidies from retirees, from single workers to married couples, from two-earner couples to one-earner couples, from high-income earners to low, and from those who die early to those who die late."
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Tax Incentives, 2002.
An assessment of tax benefit and wealth maximizing models associated with export earnings and IRA-derived benefits.
3,276 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how a Federal Tax Court decision in 1996 opened the door for Subchapter S Corporations to export goods produced in the United States to selected countries through a foreign sales corporation (FSC). It looks at how the court ruling also permitted an individual retirement account (IRA) of a Subchapter S Corporation owner to be the owner of the FSC and how this structure made it possible for individuals to benefit both from export incentive tax reductions through an FSC and tax benefits available through an IRA. It researches various models designed to maximize federal income tax-related benefits and wealth deriving from these developments.
Outline
Introduction
The Subchapter S Corporation IRA/FSC Model
The Subchapter S Corporation Direct Export Model
The Subchapter C Corporation Direct Export Model
The Subchapter C Corporation FSC Subsidiary Model
Postulated Theory and Hypotheses
Analysis of the Two Postulated Hypotheses
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Subchapter S Corporations always have had the authority to engage in the export of goods to foreign countries. No special benefits accruing directly from profits on exports, however, were available to the owners of Subchapter S Corporations. Rather, the benefit to the owners of such corporations was the ability of a Subchapter S Corporation to elect to be taxed as individual owners, as opposed to being taxed as a corporation. Thus, the owners of a Subchapter S Corporation making such an election would benefit to the extent that individual tax rates were lower that the applicable corporate tax rate, as well as to the extent that other incentives initiated by government to spur exports led to increased profits on export sales."
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A Nation of Narrow Vision, 2001.
An analysis of the evolution of the African-American culture according to Ira Berlin's article, "Time, Space, and the Evolution of African-American Society".
1,165 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
The essay demonstrates how Ira Berlin?s article presents the evolution of African-American culture in a new light. Before WWII, most texts about American slavery portray the African-American as the happy and contented slave at ease in his plantation surroundings. While studies done in the past three decades realize this as a misconception, many studies cite the institution of slavery itself as the common developmental denominator shared by members of African-American society. The essay explains that, unlike other studies which group all members of African-American society together, Ira Berlin divides the black society of colonial America into three separate and distinct cultures, and presents the theory that the class distinction that evolved within the black society stemmed as much from the factors of economy, cultural diversity and geography as they did from the confinements of slavery.
From the Paper
"Given the wild winds of economic, political and societal change that swept across the nation during the last half of the twentieth century, the year 1977 appears to have passed through the annals of American history somewhat uneventfully. The roar of the sixties' riots and the violence of the Vietnam Era had taken their toll, and with the Watergate Scandal barely three years past, a still shell-shocked America of '77 quietly mourned the passing of Presley and placed their political faith in a farmer from Georgia. In retrospect, 1977 appears to have been quite an unmemorable year in American society and culture, an unremarkable moment in time that passed passively into the past along with Pong, PacMan and platform shoes. In reality, however, the year 1977 marked a milestone in the nation's culture, for it was during this year that both modern American and modern African-American society turned on its collective television set and found itself face to face with its collective past. For six consecutive nights in 1977, an enamored nation watched as Africa gave birth to Kunta Kinte, America gave birth to slavery, and Alex Haley's Roots exposed the harsh beginnings of the African-American culture. It touched nerves, but it also touched hearts, opened eyes and widened perspectives."
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Realism and Romanticism, 2002.
A discussion of the theme of realism and romanticism in the works of Paul Laurence Dunbar, Alice Dunbar-Nelson and Mary E. Wilkins Freeman.
1,128 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 0 sources, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how elements of realism and romanticism can be found in any work of literature, although usually one or the other will predominate and how the subject matter or theme of a piece of writing can be realistic, while the delivery in tone, style and diction may be romantic. It shows how such is the case with the works of Paul Laurence Dunbar, Alice Dunbar-Nelson and Mary E. Wilkins Freeman by reviewing their works ?A New England Nun,? ?Sister Josepha,? ?Sympathy,? and ?We Wear the Mask?. It looks at how each of these authors approaches the mundane world of social class and conformity, emphasizing the role of structure and order in daily life. Strength of character and personal integrity are valued over flights of fancy, even though the protagonist in each example exhibits a desire for transcendence. It discusses how Dunbar, Dunbar-Nelson and Freeman all employ a flowery, romantic writing style that belies their chosen subject matter and how each of these American writers skillfully combines elements of both romanticism and realism to form an authentic tapestry of the human condition.
From the Paper
"Paul Dunbar?s ?We Wear the Mask? is a succinct summation of the tension between romanticism and realism. Choosing poetry as his vehicle for expression, Dunbar could be dismissed offhand as a romance writer. A deeper examination of ?We Wear the Mask? shows his predilection for the bleak social realities that lie within the realm of realism. ?We wear the mask that grins and lies,? the poem begins. We must all lie in order to conform to social graces and be part of society. Whereas a romantic would assert his or her individuality and flaunt unconventional behavior, Dunbar concedes the necessity to ?let the world dream otherwise.? His choice of words is ironic, as the ?dream? is a decidedly romantic subject. Likewise, his ?tortured souls? is a melodramatic phrase that proves the poet?s ability to combine a realistic theme with a romantic sentiment. Dunbar bemoans the mask that hides our true emotions, but he knows it is the ?debt we pay to human guile.?"
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