| Papers [1-14] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 8] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 —> | Search results on "INTERLANGUAGE LANGUAGE ACQUISITION": |
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Interlanguage and Second Language Acquisition, 2008.
A case study analyzing interlanguage and how it affects second language acquisition among Chinese adolescents in China.
3,708 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to present a definition of interlanguage and then briefly discusses the components of interlanguage and how they affect second language acquisition (SLA). The paper provides some examples of how interlanguage possibly influences Chinese adolescent learners at Dalian Maple Leaf International High School (DMLIS) in China.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Interlanguage - What is it?
Hypothesis Testing
Beginnings of Interlanguage
Fossilization
Processes Involved in Interlanguage
Language Transfer
Over-generalization
Transfer of Training
Strategies of L2 Learning
Communication Strategies
Conclusion
From the Paper
"With regards to the learners at DMLIS, the aforementioned College English - Intensive Reading text reinforces errors being taught by some of the staff in the ESL Department. Learners are being given information (implicitly through the text and explicitly through instruction) that it is acceptable to begin sentences with the coordinating conjunctions, 'and', 'or', and 'but'. Within the College English - Intensive Reading text that is being used in the ESL department, there are 47 instances of coordinating conjunctions beginning a fragmentary dependent clause within 16 reading passages: an average of 3 per reading passage. Although there is the possibility of beginning a dependent clause with a coordinating conjunction to show emphasis of an idea, Swan (1980) specifies that conjunctions are "used to join clauses together..." (ibid: 152) and "...cannot be used with just one clause." (ibid: 154) In this instance, the instruction, supported by the text, is influencing the learners into accepting and acquiring incorrect grammar structures."
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The Acquisition of France Telecom S.A and Orange Plc, 2002.
The merger and acquisition between two European Telecommunication companies
3,260 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This report consist of six parts -
The first part briefly analyzes the market position of sample cross-border acquisition companies: France Telecom and Orange Plc and finds out their pre-acquisition industry aspect.
Second part determines the motives for merger and acquisition of these two companies. How synergy plays an important role in this stage.
Third part finds out the respective strategies each company adopted, how acquirer uses proper tactics to takeover other one and how the vulnerable company defenses its position. Within this, the report also presents the decision making that why the Board of Directors of the target company would accept the bid.
Fourth part reviews the possible methods that the companies could use to finance the merger or acquisition.
Fifth part analyzes the market share movement in terms of pre-merger, during merger, and post-merger. And also according to the chart to find out if the merger or acquisition benefits to shareholders.
Final part discusses the possible factors besides the market share movement that influence shareholder wealth. In some extent analyze if the merger or acquisition served to help the maximization of shareholder wealth.
Table of Contents
Executive summary
Introduction
An overview of the pre-merger market positions
Motives for the merger and acquisition
The defences and attack strategies
Financing methods of merger and acquisition
Share price analysis
Evaluation of merger and acquisition
Conclusion
Reference
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Market power exists when the firm can sell its products over the existing competitive market price or when its manufacturing, distribution, and service costs are lower than competitors?. Michael A. H. Jeffrey S. H. R. Duane I. (P151, 2001) argued that the effectiveness of decisions made and actions taken result in the firm developing market power in terms of both revenues and costs. Market power is a product of the firms? size, the degree of sustainability of its current competitive advantages, and its ability to make decisions today that will yield new competitive advantages for tomorrow."
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Culture and Language Acquisition, 2008.
This paper examines how language acquisition can be improved by incorporating cultural acquisition into the curriculum.
1,263 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper evaluates the literature on the subject of culture acquisition in the language classroom and its importance. The paper shows how a sociocultural perspective is crucial to the success of language acquisition efforts since learning styles have a cultural component. The paper concludes that encouraging cultural acquisition must stand as an important component in the language classroom.
From the Paper
"Culture plays an important part in any educational setting, though its effects are particularly noticeable in the language classroom. Traditionally language acquisition is simply considered to be a matter of memorizing vocabulary and learning new grammatical structures. But language is much more complex than this, and true proficiency in a language requires a more sophisticated understanding of the underpinnings of the language being taught. In particular, research has repeatedly confirmed that language and culture and intricately linked with one another (Giambo et al., 2006). In order to become proficient in a new language, instructors must take into account cultural considerations when teaching to students of various cultural backgrounds."
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Second Language Acquisition (SLA) Theories, 2003.
A comparison of theories pertaining to second language acquisition (SLA).
2,189 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
Second Language Acquisition is a field of inquiry that abounds in theories, while at the same time no single approach has adequately explained how language acquisition takes place. One reason for this might be that linguists interested in SLA have been trained in different disciplines, such as linguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics and neurolinguistics. The paper explains that, naturally, they have approached SLA from very different perspectives and treat all the variables involved in the learning process differently. The situation appears to be very confusing and frustrating. All the present theories, hypotheses, and models are all preliminary work done toward the ultimate goal of a true theory. The paper shows that in this sense, the different approaches taken by linguists and researchers are never worthless. They have uncovered bits and pieces of the whole complexity of language acquisition. Hopefully, the continuing and combined efforts made by linguists and researchers will lead to the ultimate success of establishing the true theory in language acquisition as well as in SLA.
From the Paper
"Linguistics is one of the newest fields of scientific inquiry. It was developed into an independent discipline of social science in the United Sates first ?as an offshoot of anthropology? in the first half of the twentieth century in an attempt to investigate into the disappearing American indigenous languages (Lakoff, 2000, p. 2-3). Traditionally, it has been concerned with the analysis of language, namely its phonology, morphology and syntax. Following this tradition, Norm Chomsky in the 1950s put forward his milestone transformational generative grammar (TGG), which assumed ?an ideal speaker-listener, in a completely homogeneous speech-community? unaffected by any external factors in his exploration of the Universal Grammar (UG), the general rules of language (Chomsky, 1965, p.3). This is basically an asocial or theoretical view in linguistic studies as opposed to the social view which claims knowing a language also means ?knowing how to use that language?(Wardhaugh, 2002, p.3) in social contexts. Adopting either or both of the two views, linguistics and researchers alike have postulated a multitude of theories, approaches, and models in the inquiry into the nature of language and language acquisition, which appear to be conflicting ones fighting against one another."
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Theories of Second Language Acquisition, 2002.
Discusses theories second language acquisition from a North American point of view.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 13 sources, £ 75.95
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Abstract
The linguistics of second language acquisition is discussed from a North American point of view, i.e., the continual presence of newcomers who need to acquire a command of the English language. A research deficit is explained which relates to differing cultural origins and English L2 vocabulary acquisition.
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English Language Acquisition, 2007.
This paper discusses cooperative learning and language acquisition for English language learners.
2,844 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 59.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that research study has shown that cooperative learning environments are more conducive to English language learning than are other learning environments. The writer explains that, in other words, it is easier for students to learn the English language in a relaxed cooperative learning situation than in the formal classroom instructional environment. This work attempts to discover, through a qualitative review of literature and a qualitative method of applied case study through the instrument of the survey/questionnaire, to understand this phenomena in the acquisition of the English language by students in the school and classroom environment. The writer concludes that the cooperative classroom in English language learning has been shown to be effective in a student's acquisition of the English language.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of Problem
Literature Review
Research Objectives
Hypothesis/Research Questions
Research Design
Assumptions and Limitations
Data Analysis (Questionnaire - Primary Data)
Limitations/Research Ethics
Conclusions
From the Paper
"It is assumed that the teachers in the survey know what cooperative learning actually is and that the teacher has used it consistently for at least one semester of the school year prior to the conduction of this study. It is further assumed that the students interviewed in this survey are not schooled in what cooperative learning actually is in terms of theoretical framework and case study research or techniques or methods of delivering instruction and that their view will be unclouded by this aspect of the learning environment. Limitations exist in this study in that there may be other varying factors that influence the acquisition of the English language, however this research proposal has attempted to allow for that in the instrument used for gathering data or the survey/questionnaire through asking relevant questions as to the home environment and other factors in the life of the student that might be the factor for more success in language acquisition in the school environment."
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Nike's Acquisition of Converse, 2003.
Examines why Nike's recent acquisition of Converse strengthens their competition against the likes of Reebok, Adidas, and Puma.
1,680 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This essay shows that Nike's acquisition of Converse increases Nike's competitiveness as they increase their overall market share through entering the 'retro'-style sports fashion market segment with an established brand, Converse, without damaging the positioning of Nike as an ultramodern technology sports brand. The paper explains that compared to Adidas, Reebok and Puma which may weaken their core positioning by their brand extension strategy, Nike will keep leadership in sports without leaving the 'retro' shoe market to their competitors.
1. Introduction
2. Why Does Nike's Recent Acquisition of Converse Strengthens its Competition?
2.1 Market Segmentation
2.2 Brand Strategy
3. Risks
4. Conclusion
5. Reference List
From the Paper
"Nike is the largest sports goods manufacturer in the world. For reason of simplification this essay concentrates on the sports shoe market only. The word "Nike" is used for both, the "Nike company" as well as for the "Nike brand".
Nike, as market leader, is especially known for its ultramodern, technology driven sports shoes serving under its corporate brand "Nike" the various sports categories: e.g. "Nike Basketball, Nike Running, Nike Tennis, Nike Golf" (Nike.com, 2003) with the 'best for athletes' image. This strategy is underlined by Nike's top sport star endorsements such as Tiger Woods, Andre Agassi, James LeBron etc.
The main competitors in sports shoes as well as in the other sports goods categories of Nike are Adidas, Reebok and Puma.
Converse, a relatively small sports shoe manufacturer, however with a long, 90 years' tradition is particularly famous for its 'Chuck Taylor Allstar', the first basketball shoe ever."
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Peer Assisted Second Language Acquisition, 2005.
A review of five studies dealing with peer assisted language acquisition and how student attitudes affect performance.
3,321 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on peer assisted learning strategies and how student attitudes affect performance in SLA. It critically evaluates five studies with a focus on how the research methodology might have been improved, what potential bias' researcher might have brought to the study, as well as the implications of the studies themselves. The articles are; "Negotiation for Meaning and Peer Assistance in Second Language Classrooms" by Pauline Foster and Amy Snyder-Ohta, "Impact of Classroom Dynamics on the Effectiveness of Recasts in Second Language Acquisition" by Frank Morris and Elaine Tarone, "Collaborative E-mail Exchange for Teaching Secondary ESL: A Case Study in Hong Kong" by Roseanne Greenfield, "Cooperation and Competition in a Korean Middle School English Class: A Case Study" by Lee Sung-Lim and "The Effects of Reciprocal Peer Tutoring on Graduate Student's Achievement, Test Anxiety, and Academic Self-Efficacy" by Bryan and Marlynn Griffin.
Outline
"Negotiation for Meaning and Peer Assistance in Second Language Classrooms"
"Impact of Classroom Dynamics on the Effectiveness of Recasts in Second Language Acquisition"
"Collaborative E-mail Exchange for Teaching Secondary ESL: A Case Study in Hong Kong"
"Cooperation and Competition in a Korean Middle School English Class: A Case Study"
"The Effects of Reciprocal Peer Tutoring on Graduate Student's Achievement, Test Anxiety, and Academic Self-Efficacy"
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Peer-assisted learning is an educational concept that has long been used to actively engage students in the knowledge acquisition process, and is known by a variety of names, such as collaborative learning, cooperative learning, collective learning, learning communities, peer teaching, peer learning, peer coaching, reciprocal learning, team learning, study circles, study groups, and work groups (adapted from Gross-Davis, 1993:http://teaching.berkeley.edu/bgd/collaborative.html), which, though these terms are not interchangeable, share its most salient feature, peer-assisted knowledge acquisition, in contrast to individualistic study."
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Computer Assisted Language Acquisition, 2004.
A review of three articles concerned with CALL (Computer Assisted Language Acquisition).
3,267 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how computers are now part of the foreign language classroom, how they assist instructors in the development of lessons and classroom materials and provide students with a supplementary form of instruction. It critically evaluates the efficacy of CALL (Computer Assisted Language Acquisition) through an examination of four research articles with a focus on the implications of the studies on SLA (Second Language Acquisition). The articles are "Evaluating the Integration of Technology and Second Language Learning" by Bonnie Adair-Hauck et al. , "Comparing Face-to-Face and Electronic Discussion in the Second Language Classroom" by Mark Warschauer and "Computer Generated Error Feedback and Writing Process: A Link" by Judy F. Chan.
Outline
"Evaluating the Integration of Technology and Second Language Learning"
"Comparing Face-to-Face and Electronic Discussion in the Second Language Classroom"
"Computer Generated Error Feedback and Writing Process: A Link"
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The primary purpose behind the Adair-Hauck et al' (1999) study was to test the hypothesis that students engaged in 'TELL components, in lieu of one class period a week would perform French tasks in all the skills as well as students meeting four times a week (p. 279).' Also under investigation was the potential effects TELL could have on foreign language motivation, how TELL influenced students perceptions of meeting their learning goals, how TELL modified the roles of teacher and learner, and, more generally, if TELL is an effective curricular design for achieving L2 development. The rationale behind the study came from the authors' assertion that few empirical CALL studies address the question, 'What kind of software, integrated how and into what kind of syllabus, at what level of language learning, for what kind of language learners, is likely to be effective for what specific purposes? "
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Childhood Language Acquisition, 2005.
Examines the current state of research in childhood language acquisition.
1,655 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the psychological, linguistic and scientific elements involved in language acquisition. It explores the building blocks of language and the complex processes involved in learning a first language. The paper examines Celia Genishi's article "Young Children's Oral Language Development," Steven Parker's empirical study, "Language Acquisition" and Michael Gurian's book, "Boys and Girls Learn Differently". Each of these works addresses the issue of language and learning development in children and ultimately suggests different teaching methods, individualized approaches and the basic breakdown of learning language for the first time.
From the Paper
"Steven Pinker, from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology conducted an empirical study, titled "Language Acquisition" that closely examines different theories of learning that revolve around the acquisition of language. Pinker combines biology and psychology with teaching methods at home and in the classroom. Like Genishi, Pinker acknowledges that the English language is composed of simple structures and that these structures are one of the main components that help children learn their first language. However, Pinker is different than Genishi because he examines the question of success in the learning process. He explores what it takes for a child to succeed in the language acquisition process and why others cannot succeed (Pinker 2002)."
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HP Acquisition of Compaq, 2003.
This report analyses the Hewlett-Packard acquisition of Compaq.
4,140 words (approx. 16.6 pages), 21 sources, APA, £ 101.95
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Abstract
This report analyzes the Hewlett-Packard acquisition of Compaq. The focus is on the strategic planning process associated with the acquisition. The perspective of the analysis is Hewlett-Packard's and the conclusion is that Hewlett-Packard's strategy was effective and appropriate and benefited the company.
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Language Acquisition, 2002.
A discussion of two competing approaches on the theory of language acquisition.
2,816 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the fierce debate between the rationalist and the empiricist theorists on the issue of language acquisition which has captured the imagination of the linguistic world for decades. It looks at how although the rationalists? concept of specific language mechanisms in the brain has prevailed for many years, new research by connectionist theorists has tilted the balance towards the empiricists? approach. It provides a detailed comparative analysis of these two competing approaches and explores their application in children?s discourse to assess their validity. It also discusses the work by the connectionist theorists and the implications on the future of linguistic research in the area of first language acquisition.
From the Paper
"In Chomsky?s (1972) original conception, the mind of children is analogized to a black box called the ?Language Acquisition Device? (LAD). This box contains all linguistic principles that do not derive from the interaction with the environment. In Chomsky?s (1981) ?Principles-and-Parameters Theory? and his subsequent work, his version of how children utilize their linguistic knowledge to acquire language in their specific environments is presented. Before their interaction with the environment, children possess an ?universal grammar.? With exposure to specific linguistic environments, all children need to do is to set the switches on certain parameters that correspond to their language (in Hirsh-Pasek & Golinkoff, 1996, pp. 31-2)."
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HSBC Holdings Acquisition of Credit Commercial de France (CCF), 2002.
An analysis of the proposed HSBC Holdings acquisition of Credit Commercial de France (CCF).
1,820 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
In early-April 2000, HSBC Holdings PLC agreed to acquire a majority holding in Credit Commercial de France (CCF). The proposed merger of the two banking firms is analyzed in this paper. The analysis focuses on strategic choices made by HSBC in developing its acquisition strategy, motivations by both firms for the merger, a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis of the proposed merger, analysis of the proposed merger within the context of Porter?s Five-Forces Model of Competitiveness and challenges that will be faced by HSBC in relation to differences in corporate cultures should the merger be completed.
From the Paper
"A major motivation for HSBC to acquire CCF was to dilute the company?s risk exposure in the Asian market (considered by HSBC management to be highly volatile) by increasing the company?s presence in the European banking industry ("S&P Affirms HSBC Holdings Plc," 2000).
CCF, a successful but medium-sized company, has been a takeover target for larger financial institutions in Europe for more than a year. The suitors and their proposals, however, were not attractive to CCF management. Realizing that acquisition was probable sooner rather than later, CCF management was amenable to an acquisition proposal that addressed their own needs and those of CCF shareholders. The HSBC offer, which came as a surprise, met each of these requirements and has been recommended to CCF shareholders by the CCF board ("HSBC ?a Major Player in Europe,?" 2000). Job losses at CCF, as an example, are expected to be minimal in an HSBC-CCF merger."
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Knowledge Acquisition, 2002.
Examines the objectivist approach to knowledge acquisition.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the progress of theories concerning how the individual acquires knowledge, with a focus on the objectivist approach to knowledge acquisition.
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