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Interest Groups vs. Social Movements, 2002.
A comparison of the goals and aims of interest groups versus social movements, with a focus on specific public policy distinctions.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 17.95
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Abstract
The following paper examines the distinction between interest groups and social movements which are sometimes hard to distinguish. This paper argues that interest groups are usually more narrowly focused and depend on organized supporters of otherwise loosely mobilized citizens within a larger social movement.
From the Paper
"Elections are formal procedures for choosing officers or making binding decisions concerning current and future policies. Elections are widely held in private organizations, such as corporations, church groups, or labor unions. Public institutions hold elections to select officers, to choose representatives, and to settle specific policy questions. Elections also may take place within specific governmental bodies or institutions as, in the United States, when members of a state legislature elect a speaker of the house. The discussion that follows, however, will focus on public elections for officers of governmental units or to decide public policy issues. Such elections commonly have a larger number of persons entitled to participate and are part of the total political process within the governmental system."
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Transnational Social Movements, 2008.
This paper examines what insight social movement theory provides for the study of transnational social movements.
2,687 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that what is fundamentally striking about transnational social movements (TSMs) is the extent to which they are able to reach beyond the restrictive confines of the nation state. The writer points out that, due to the ever-increasing opportunities that are afforded by international travel and communication, such as email and the Internet, TSMs have a way of reaching new audiences, organizing them in new collectives and voicing common grievances in new ways. The writer also notes that members of TNMs may not be working class, but they do share the common perception of themselves as small people who are being overlooked by an increasingly powerful group of leaders that are calling the shots from places and spaces in which individual national politics may not exert sufficient influence. The writer concludes that even though theories of social movements might be seen as outdated because of the global context in which movements now operate, this should not gloss over the common features that TNMs do have with social movements before them and with the insights that social movement theories can provide.
Outline:
Introduction
Objectives of Transnational Social Movements
Chief Characteristics of Transnational Social Movements
From Theories of Class to Post-Industrial Society
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Such protests were organized quite deliberately to coincide with and confront the agenda that was being put forward by intergovernmental conferences. Objecting to the global spread of the neo-liberal economic model, protestors were keen to take to task not only the governments of the leading industrialized nations, but also to criticize international organizations, such as the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, as well as multinational corporations, which, in the protestors' views, were setting out policies that could not be countered if objections remained local and national-specific.
"Even though the nature of this movement is contested, it would still be possible to note the chief concerns of protestors as being objection to the globalization of a neo-liberal, monetarist economic philosophy. The strength of the protests against this doctrine are related to what its critics in the anti-capitalist movement see as the extreme negativity of its effects."
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The Power and Influence of Social Movements, 2006.
A review of social movements with regard to the strength of power and influence of these movements.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses social movements with regards to Andrews, Whittier, and the documentaries providing convincing evidence that the powers of social movements are derived primarily from injustice in society. The paper further discusses how social, economic, or political conditions can no longer be tolerated by an oppressed group of people, social movements often arise, for such movements enable the participants to affect social change. These movements rarely achieve all of their goals because they always generate resistance, but they have often succeeded in attaining many of their goals.
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Political Parties and Interest Groups, 2007.
A comparison of the main political parties in the United States and interest groups.
1,437 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the history of the two main political groups in the United States and then compares them to interest groups. The paper examines the history and make-up of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. It then looks at the ways that interest groups help to support them. It concludes by analyzing the differences between interest groups and political parties.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Democratic Party
Republican Party
Interest Groups
Interest Groups versus Political Parties
From the Paper
"The Republican Party did not come into existence until 1850. It was formed by activists working against the institution of slavery. The first meeting of the Republican Party took place in Wisconsin and the members believed that the government should give land grants to those settling in the west (Republican Party http://www.mcgop.net/History.htm)."
"Once the party became official a formal meeting was help in 1854 in Michigan at which time the name Republican was adopted. The name was chosen because the members believed that it mean equality (Republican Party http://www.mcgop.net/History.htm)."
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Social Movements and Politics, 2004.
An analysis of the effects of social movements on politics.
1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how social movements throughout history represented a new kind of politics. The paper contends that social movements have always helped bring about political change or a new type of politics, naming social philosophers kindred to politicians. The paper explains that one cannot study or offer a new type of social philosophy or movement without effecting political change. By examining the history of several social movements, the paper discovers political changes caused by the effects of these movements. The paper focuses on Jean Jacques Rousseau and John Stuart Mills who both initiated social movements that brought about a new type of politics.
From the Paper
"Jean-Jacques Rousseau makes it explicitly clear in his writings found "The Social Contract and Discourses" that he believes strongly in personal freedom and autonomy. Rousseau believed that a truly free government is one where everyone votes, every citizen. Rousseau argues that by everyone surrendering his or her rights to the sovereign equally they maintain freedom. He believes man has the most freedom in the state of nature, but because man has the ability to rationalize and the desire to be social, he must enter a social contract with others in order to have a free and equal society. Rousseau adamantly defends his belief in autonomy in his Discourses on the State of Nature, the Social Contract, and Sovereignty."
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Social Movements, 2007.
This paper examines the impacts of social movements and protests on American democracy.
1,139 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper explores what social movements are and describes some of America's most important movements. The paper summarizes and explains the roles and impacts of these social movements and the significance of protest as a key aspect. The paper discusses how social movements and protests impact American democracy to the extent that they succeed in their aims of changing existing laws and public policies. Finally, the paper relates that social movements have the best chance of succeeding because they practice participatory democracy in which everyone has a voice.
From the Paper
"Still, some social movements succeed in their goals for social change (e.g., those like the Women's Suffrage Movement and the Civil Rights Movement, both of which made their marks on history and changed public policy). Other social movements fizzle out and eventually disappear, having created no change. Roles and impacts of social movements and the significance of protest (e.g., marches, demonstrations, rallies, letter-writing campaigns, and other forms of public protest) as a key aspect of social movements, on American democracy, therefore depend upon the individual social movements themselves; their leadership and organization; and their success (or the lack thereof)."
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Social Movements, 2005.
This paper examines social movements and their consequences.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
In this paper the writer answers a series of five questions regarding social movements. The writer discusses how social movements are formed. The functioning of social movements is examined. In this article, the writer also discusses how social movements and their actions impact society.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this brief essay is to answer a series of questions regarding social movements and their consequences. Collective action, the difficulty of establishing effective social movements, the role played by organizations in social and political movements, methods used to facilitate social change and the focus or revolutionary content of social movements are at issue herein. People act collectively in democratic and non-democratic regimes to garner strength and to promote mutual issues. Rena Palloff has noted that social change efforts attempt to impact ... "
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Interest Groups, 2005.
A political discussion on the influence of interest groups.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the factors that determine the relative strength of interest groups. It contends that analyzing what they do requires examining the modern American political system, for it has degenerated into government by special interest groups. It explains that for decades, interest groups have sought to influence government policies by advocating legislation favorable to them, but these efforts, the author claims, have escalated to such an extent that interest groups now control the government.
From the Paper
"Explaining the factors that determine the relative strength of interest groups and analyzing what they do requires examining the modern American political system, for it has degenerated into government by special interest groups. For decades, interest groups have sought to influence government policies by advocating legislation favorable to them, but these efforts have escalated to such an extent that interest groups now control the government. Unfortunately, despite the fact that the Founding Fathers established a Constitutional system of government based upon popular sovereignty and the rule of law, the emergence and development of powerful interest groups in the late twentieth century has undermined American democracy. Because of the power and influence of special interests such ..."
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Evolution of Social Movements, 2007.
An analysis of how social movements affected social change in the 1960s.
1,584 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how the powers of social movements are derived primarily from injustice in society. The paper looks at the civil rights, feminist and anti-war movements in the nineteen-sixties that demonstrated how once a social movement gains momentum it can produce wider public dissatisfaction with the status quo and compel elected officials to take action against injustice. The paper points out, however, that the power to affect social change in society tends to be fluid, for once a social movement achieves a certain degree of social change, it meets increasing resistance, which reduces its power.
From the Paper
"The Civil Rights Movement of the nineteen-sixties began because of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott in 1955, which inspired African-Americans to increase their efforts to win equality. Parks (1999) notes that a few years later, when Attorney General Robert Kennedy sent the FBI into the South in 1962 to enforce laws, prevent violence, and protect civil rights activists, it sent a strong message that the time for racial justice had arrived and that racial segregation must be ended."
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Interest Groups, 2005.
A discussion on whether interest groups contribute to or detract from local democracy.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the question of whether interest groups contribute to or detract from local democracy may appear puzzling at first given the widespread acknowledgment of the prominent role such groups have long held in our society. It looks at how the underlying implication of this question is that some interest groups by effectively representing their members interests in local political forums may in the process actually be undermining local democracy. The paper argue with reference to a variety of sources that in general interest groups contribute to local democracy.
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Globalization and Social Movements, 2004.
This paper studies globalization, collective action and social movements.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
In this discussion of globalization and world economy, the writer examines how historically, social movements have arisen, when groups of people have come together to change a larger structural force that controlled their lives. The writer mentions that they are sometimes defined as networks of interaction between actors. The writer argues that while globalization has both aided and hindered collective actions and the formations of social movements, the net effect is favorable.
From the Paper
"Globalization has come to be a shorthand term for the process by which the world's economy and thus its economic power structure has been knit together into an increasingly interlinked and integrated network. This process has given rise to a controversy that is itself global in scope. As meetings of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and similar bodies representative of global economic elite interests shift from one continent or another, anti-globalization protesters follow them. A few may do ..."
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Money and Special Interest Groups, 2004.
A discussion on whether money and special interest groups can buy votes and influence.
1,561 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
Money and special interest groups play an important role in the U.S. Congress. Due to the high cost of running a campaign two assumptions are regularly made, namely that money can buy votes and that those groups or businesses that have contributed funds, will be favourably treated by their candidate when forming legislation. This paper critically analyses those assumptions by examining key examples such as the influence of the tobacco industry and by examining esteemed political analyst views. The paper is divided and analysed on two distinct lines. Firstly, whether or not money and special interests can get a candidate elected and secondly whether money and special interest groups can have influence and to what degree, over the way in which elected candidates vote on legislation.
From the Paper
"The influence of money in the US Congress therefore begins with the election of members to the Congress. In order to increase their chances of election, candidates run extensive campaigns which include: television and newspaper advertisements, public appearances, pamphlets, door knocking and many other methods to gain voter support. In recent decades these election expenses have grown more than 300% faster than the cost of living . The average cost of a Lower House campaign has risen to more than US$500,000 and a Senate campaign to US$4.5 million . Due to these exorbitant campaign cost very few people in lower socio-economic groups run for Congress as they neither have the funds themselves nor are they likely to have contacts with big businesses to financially support their campaign. "
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Special Interest Groups, 2008.
This paper focuses on Common Cause, a group determined to eradicate the influence of special interest groups in the U.S. Congress and across the nation.
727 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 17.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how different social and political factors help explain the proliferation of interest groups during certain specifically volatile periods of a nation's political life. The paper looks at the beginnings of Common Cause, a nonpartisan nonprofit advocacy organization founded in 1970. The paper relates that Common Cause is dedicated to fighting against the influence of special interest lobbying groups that use money to influence politicians to vote in ways that are antithetical to the needs of ordinary Americans.
From the Paper
"An interest group is defined as any organization that seeks to influence public policy. Interest groups are rife within American politics because of the diversity of America, the democratic heritage of America, and the decline of a multiparty system within the United States political system. Interest groups do not, therefore, arise spontaneously or automatically out of natural social processes. Rather, different social and political factors help explain the proliferation of interest groups during certain specifically volatile periods of a nation's political life. "
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Models of Social Movements, 2000.
The following essay looks at the questions of how and why social movements begin, what keeps them going, and whether they follow understandable patterns or not.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses several models of social movements. The writer comments on Neil Smelser's view of social movements from the perspective of economic sociology, James Coleman's view of the evolution of conflict at the community level and the psychological model among others.
From the Paper
"The social psychological model sees social movements as starting when a group of people perceives themselves as deprived compared to the rest of the society. As expectations and desires grow, the disparity between where this group of person actually is and where they want to be become wider and wider. They see the difference between their expectations and their reality."
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