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Inter-Cultural Harmony, 2008.
This paper discusses that no matter how enlightened the participants, inter-cultural harmony will always be hampered by differences in background and perspective.
1,253 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer argues that inter-cultural or cross-cultural harmony will always be hampered by differences in background and perspective simply because human beings' (and how they react to the gestures and communicative strategies of others) are the most volatile and unpredictable variable of all when it comes to assessing the possible problems and rewards of a communication exchange. With that in mind, the paper explores why cross-cultural communication is so difficult. The paper also looks at some arguments which insist that inter-cultural exchanges can be harmonious and "worry-free" if enough training and education is provided. Finally, the writer concludes by reiterating why there will always be certain difficulties in cross-cultural communication and the paper finishes by suggesting that such tensions are just a "part of life" and must be accommodated to the fullest extent possible.
From the Paper
""Following this premise to its logical conclusion, it is clear that biological determinism, ecological factors, and simple evolution really are insufficient to wholly explain the nuances of each society - or at least to the satisfaction of a trained social scientist. Going further, each and every human being is a remarkably complex creature that will respond differently to essentially the same stimuli; consequently, it is impossible to avoid cross-cultural miscommunication because comments or gestures that someone else from the same culture finds tolerable might spark a highly unpleasant response from someone else who is also from that culture. In the end, the variables which constrain smooth cross-cultural communication are at least as numerable as there are people in the world.
"Still, some experts believe that cross-cultural communication does not have to be hampered by differences in background or by differences in perspective."
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Cross-Cultural Communication, 2008.
This paper explains how individuals can overcome the obstacles presented by differing cultural perspectives and backgrounds.
1,205 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that inter-cultural dialogue leading to inter-cultural harmony is possible if people are willing to embrace the humility and open-mindedness essential for healthy dialogue between themselves and others whose backgrounds differ from their own. The paper shows how differences in perspective and in background do not have to lead to complications in cross-cultural communication. The paper stresses the importance of students adopting an open and enthusiastic mind-set, so they can overcome the challenges inherent in cross-cultural communication.
From the Paper
"It is tempting to argue that cross-cultural narratives are not the sort of things that can be overcome by education - no matter how well-intentioned. For example, even after years of trying, there is still much confusion and uncertainty complicating the relationship between Christians and Muslims, between blacks and whites, between former colonial subjects and former colonial masters, in western society and, indeed, in other societies, as well; simply put, human ignorance is more resilient than most of us might have thought possible at one time. With this in mind, the idea that it might be possible to overcome cross-cultural barriers through a more inclusive and responsive dialogue is one that understandably needs to be defended vigorously from its many critics."
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Fostering Cultural Diversity in Public School, 2006.
This paper analyzes the various methods and strategies for implementing and fostering a harmonious and multicultural curriculum in public school settings.
1,422 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the cause and effect of racial and ethnic divisions, among various minority groups in the U.S., which have manifested in a wide variety of contexts, many of them violent. This paper explores the various initiatives taken up by parents, teachers and administrators across America, designed to facilitate and support cultural diversity in the public school system, while at the same time decreasing the levels of ethnic conflicts. The writer contends and explains why the previous approaches, geared towards educating America's youth about other cultures, were inadequate to meet the needs of a multicultural society, competing in a globalized marketplace. The writer of this paper presents a five-stage lesson plan, designed to effectively enrich and encourage multicultural educational opportunities in America's public school system. This paper also presents and cites published research and data relevant to this specific topic.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background and Overview
Rationale
Alternatives to Resolution
Detailed Lesson Plan to Promote Cultural Harmony
Summary and Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"According to Ihator, the increasingly globalized nature of the business world has created the need to be able to identify, study and understand the worldviews, mindsets, and habits of global publics in order to effectively communicate. In this regard, "Communication styles and meaning, as well as realities, as perceived by individuals are culturally induced," he says. Students are going to require a sufficient amount of knowledge about the languages and cultures of other countries in order to effectively communicate with members of those societies; in fact, even in countries where English is spoken, the pattern and meaning of the English language may be different because of the cultural influence. As a result, fluency in language alone may be insufficient to community effectively with people in other countries; to accomplish effective communications, this expertise must be combined with the knowledge of the culture of the native speakers."
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Cultural Diversity in the Workplace, 2007.
A discussion on cultural diversity in the workplace, focusing on the works of Geert Hofstede.
1,918 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer proposes that it is a widely embraced certainty that harmony, civility and amicable cooperation in the workplace are highly desirable goals for any company in any industry. The paper examines how the most successful teams and leaders in management are those who have met multicultural challenges head on. The paper further examines the work of Geert Hofstede, focusing on his cultural consequences concepts.
Outline:
Introduction
Geert Hofstede's Cultural Consequences Concepts
Fons Trompenaars & Charles Hampden-Turner
Works Cited
From the Paper
"It is also relevant to touch on the work of Gregory Bateson; in researching possible solutions and definitions towards the management of "complex environmental problems" (Tognetti, 1999), Bateson believed, in the paraphrase of Sylvia S. Tognetti, that "one of the major fallacies of the scientific community is the premise that it is possible to have total control over an interactive system of which oneself is a part." "
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"For Harmony and Strength", 2002.
A literary review of "For Harmony and Strength" by Thomas P. Rohlen.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 49.95
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Abstract
A book review of "For Harmony and Strength" by Thomas P. Rohlen, which suggests that the Japanese mode of business organizations can be used to create harmony amidst the organizational conflict of today.
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'Opaque Harmony'., 2002.
A look at an abstract painting.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the abstract painting 'Opaque Harmony' by Richard Pousette-Dart. Pousette-Dart's work suffered from obscurity because it could not compete successfully with paintings of other abstract expressionist artists of his time. But his work has recently received some attention from art critics who feel that his paintings are good examples of abstract art with a touch spirituality and mysticism.
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Harmony as Depicted in "A Midsummer Night's Dream", 2000.
A look at the healing power of the woods in the play.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 1 source, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the effect of nature and the healing power of the woods in "A Midsummer Night's Dream." It shows how forest has the ability to repair social evils and restore the natural order of man, and how the universal themes of jealousy and true love depict how quarreling lovers can be brought to peace with each other by the healing properties of nature.
From the Paper
"Shakespeare uses the universal themes of jealousy and true love to depict how quarreling lovers can be brought to peace with each other by the healing properties of nature. Originally, Demetrius and Lysander are in love with the fair Hermia. Hermia, however, only has eyes for Lysander, but her father insists that she marries Demetrius. To make matters more complicated, Helena, a friend to Hermia and Lysander, is deeply in love with Demetrius. Hermia and Lysander, planning to elope, leave the city and meet secretly in the woods. Following closely behind is Demetrius, pursued by Helena. They are met by the raw power of nature, embodied in a magical being called Puck. A servant to Oberon, King of the Fairies, Puck is the essence of the woods. Using magical flowers and confused about the identities of the nobles, he acts as Cupid and enchants the lovers, making Demetrius and Lysander fall in love with Helena. Puck, acting as symbol of nature, works, knowingly or not, to heal the troubled lovers. Oberon wants Demetrius to love Helena. When Puck mistakes Lysander for Demetrius, the couples are temporarily misaligned, and when he enchants Demetrius, Hermia is left without a love. But in the woods, all error can be remedied."
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Chinese Culture, 2008.
This paper explores Chinese values, beliefs and culture as manifested in their health, food and medicine.
1,123 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Chinese ideas about health, food, and medicine and explains that Chinese ideas about health, food and medicine are not distinct aspects but rather interrelated ones that serve to promote harmony and temper the senses. The paper explains five influences that the Chinese idea of health care is based on, describes Chinese cooking and refers to the practice of acupuncture. The paper relates that healing, health care and health management with the Chinese should be a holistic approach that serves to understand the culture as well as promote well-being without being biased against the beliefs and values.
From the Paper
"When people hear the word "China" the first thing that comes to mind is a vast country in the Orient filled with wonder and exotic attributes - that was until globalization set put as a major player in the everyday lives of countries and peoples. Now China is known for cheap manufacturing and labor, Dao Ming, Jet Li or Jackie Chan. China is also known as a communist nation with heavy capitalist leaning and this is more apparent as a result of various American companies outsourcing its manufacturing and production facilities there. Despite the supposedly modernized economy of China, they still have their strong values, beliefs and culture. This is also evident when in comes to their beliefs in birth, death, diseases and health in general."
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Apple Computers and Popular Culture, 2004.
Examines the influence of Apple Computers (Macintosh) on popular culture.
1,058 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
Apple Computer, Inc., is recognized worldwide for creating powerful solutions that are based on user-friendly personal computers, servers, peripherals, software, personal digital assistants, and Internet content. This paper shows how Apple has had a profound influence on popular culture as well. It explains how Macintosh users are not just users, they are devotees who use the computer to express their beliefs on the relationship between technology and society; they believe the Mac is not simply an object by which to think, it is a spiritual path to a future where technology and humans co-exist in harmony.
From the Paper
"As one computer commentator asserts, ?Apple never pretended to be just another Silicon Valley start-up?it sold itself as the great hope of the counterculture? (Lam Pp). When Apple introduced the iMac, it captivated consumers, in fact, approximately one-third of those who bought iMacs had never owned a computer before (Fishman Pp). These first-timers were motivated to purchase their first computer because of the image that the iMac conveyed ? its colors, approachability, and simplicity (Fishman Pp). Apple was the first manufacturer to produce a computer in a rainbow of colors and the iMac instantly won a spot in popular culture and came to represent all turn-of-the-century computers (Fishman Pp)."
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Inter-Racial Marriages, 2002.
An insight into the history of society's acceptance of inter-racial marriages in the U.S..
1,310 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history of inter-racial marriages from the first recorded inter-racial marriage in what was to become the United States of Captain John Smith of Jamestown, Virginia to the Indian princess Pocahontas in 1607, to its almost acceptance today. It examines how inter-marrying began as marrying out of the religion to eventually marriage within different ethnic minorities. It evaluates the different laws over time regarding inter-racial marriages such as a 1922 anti-miscegenation law stated that, if blacks and whites intermarried, punishment was one to five years in prison. Although a raceless society is probably fairly distant, America has been trending towards greater racial integration since the end of the Second World War. 100 years ago, German and Irish immigrants were considered a separate people by people born in America. Whereas people express preferences in appearance in a mate, perhaps a society with fuzzy racial barriers isn?t very far away.
From the Paper
"From the 60?s until today, inter-racial marriage has gained wider and wider acceptance. According to the US Census Bureau, in 2000 over 1,461,000 people were married to someone not of their own race, and 6.8 million people claimed to be multi-racial. In 1960, only 149 thousand people claim to be married to someone of a different race, and by 1970, 310 thousand such people lived in the United States. Statistically, whites find it easier to marry Asians than blacks. This is probably because Asians share many of the same demographic characteristics with white people. Similarly, Hispanics and blacks find it easier to marry."
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Inter-Racial Sexuality, 2002.
Examines the reasons behind the increase in interracial, or inter-ethnic, relationships in the United Kingdom.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 5 sources, £ 42.95
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Abstract
With some justification, it could be argued that racism, at least institutional or structural racism, has been reduced. However, racism and prejudice persist and emerge often in the context of inter-ethnic sexuality. This paper questions the use of the term "interracial" and adopts the term "inter-ethnic". It explores the apparent increase in inter-ethnic relationships in the United Kingdom. Finally, it considers these relationships in the context of reason rather than racism.
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Agricultural Produce in Inter-war Russia, India and Japan, 2007.
This paper looks at trends and changes relating to agricultural produce in Russia, India and Japan during the inter-war period.
1,452 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer outlines the main trends in agricultural produce in the three economies of Russia, India and Japan in the inter-war period. The writer discusses how far changes in output and prices affected the standard of living of the agricultural population and notes that, during the inter-war period (1914-39), Russia, Japan and India experienced similar but at times varied fluctuations in how much produce they cultivated agriculturally. Generally-speaking, Japan and India maintained outwardly stable, but far from spectacular levels of production, while Russia and later the Soviet Union witnessed greater disparities in what she produced for the commercial market. The writer concludes that what is clear from all three cases is the extent to which change in agricultural output and prices invariably failed to benefit the rural population - and, in the case of the Soviet Union, change in fact proved to be catastrophic.
From the Paper
"When one takes the example of rice production - the main staple - as the chief indicator of agricultural output, with reference to Japan and India, and that of wheat production for Russia, one can observe the following. By 1914, Japan quickly reached production levels of 8.5 millions tonnes, levels that remained pretty much constant during subsequent years. Some twenty years later, in 1933, she reached a peak of 10.6 million tonnes, ending with a modest 10.3 million tonnes of rice in 1939. During the post-war era, India similarly witnessed marked increases in production. By 1914 she saw 42 million tonnes of rice harvested nationwide. But production proved erratic thereafter. During six of the following fifteen years output did exceed the 50 million tonne threshold; but the trend nevertheless was downwards, so that, by 1932, production dipped below the 40 million mark, only struggling to transcend this figure in two of the remaining seven years. What heavily contrasts with the case of India and Japan is that of Russia which witnessed not a levelling-off but a massive reduction in her wheat production following the First World War. By contrast to 28 million tonnes, which was recorded in 1913, the amount for 1921 plummeted to a mere 5.6 million tonnes. By 1925, however, production kicked back quickly to normal levels, with the Soviet Union reporting that 20.8 million tonnes of wheat had been harvested."
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Role of Inter-Governmental Relations and Federalism in America, 2002.
The inter-governmental relationship between the various levels of government and the Federal system in America and its need for improvement.
1,815 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper discuss the role of inter-governmental relations between the Federal, State and Local governments and various issues that impact this working relationship. Among the areas that are discussed are: How inter-governmental programs should be implemented and the economics of scale and shared services. It further analyzes different theories and models of federalism, how these structures can be established and the role that each level of government should play during this process. While the goal is to give each level of government its own power, the objective here is to develop a system so that services can be best delivered to the citizens.
From the Paper
"The state of intergovernmental relations can be identified in many ways. Historically, dual federalism is the theory that best defines the American system of government. The writers of the Constitution wanted a system of government with shared powers between the states and the federal government. Each level has their own independent authority. While this theory best identifies our system of government, overtime other theories have developed, responding to the economic and social problems that have developed (Knudson, 2003).
Today the federal, state and local levels find themselves in dispute as to who should be paying for and implementing certain programs. The states and local levels believe that they can do a better job of implementing domestic programs because they are closer to the problem then the federal government. A standard national program may not be able to meet the needs of every state. This model called the State- Centered Federalism whereby the states make the decisions, with the federal government there on a minimal basis, to provide the resources. The state government is more responsive, because they can best understand their own needs (Mc Guire, 2001).
This model can be seen in the new Welfare Reform Plan. Whereas under the old welfare system the national government established the welfare policy and the states had little discretion to tailor it towards their individual needs. These objectives and rules sent to the states from Washington DC may not have helped because money was being spent in areas that did not need it. At the same time other, urgent aspects of a states welfare needs were being overlooked by Washington (New, 2002)."
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