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Intelligence and World War II, 2008.
This paper discuses intelligence during World War II, as presented in Barton Whaley's "Codeword Barbarossa" and Roberta Wohlstetter's "Pearl Harbor - Warning and Decision".
1,640 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Barton Whaley's "Codeword Barbarossa" has long been considered the definitive study of Hitler's ability to hoodwink Stalin, the Soviet Union's intelligence service and other Allied intelligence networks. The author relates that Roberta Wohlstetter's "Pearl Harbor" conveys that, although rarely has a government been so well informed as to what to expect, this government had "expected wrong". The paper suggests that these books indicate that histories of intelligence or espionage are only tentative as new evidence or new capability in assessing primary sources emerge. The paper concludes that these volumes underscore that, during wartime, uncertainty freezes planning: Stalin responded to the possibility of a German invasion of the Soviet Union; whereas, Pearl Harbor generals waited, puzzled by information from Washington.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Operation Barbarossa
Pearl Harbor
Reflection
Conclusion - 'Surprise' and History
From the Paper
"On June 21, 1991, a German soldier on the Russian border defected to the Soviet forces and stated that Germany was about to invade the Soviet Union. The warning arrived too late. The June 22 1941 invasion of the Soviet Union proceeded as one of history's worst instances of military surprise, the Soviet forces soon surrounded by the Germans as the Luftwaffe destroyed the Soviet air force, on the ground. At the end of World War II, Whaley had a fair amount of the forerunning intelligence story assessed, to which he added what was gained from various forms of evidence concerning European intelligence networks' activities ..."
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Hong Kong and World War II, 2007.
A comparative analysis of three different articles relating to the 1941 attack of the Japanese army on Hong Kong and Japanese occupation till the end of the War in 1945.
3,226 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses, from different perspectives, the 1941 attack of the Japanese Imperial Army on Hong Kong and the brutal Japanese occupation there till the end of the War in 1945. It examines three scholarly articles that are seen to relate to the same broad topic of how events during World War II in Asia continue to shape thinking on Japan, more than 50 years later, in matters of power and strategy involving China, Japan, the U.S. and other influences. June Teufel Dreyer is introduced as an American follower of East Asian affairs and the author of an article on Japan and China that seems more American in scope than Asian. Richard J. Aldrich's study of British secret intelligence in Asia during World War II is then discussed in relation to Hong Kong. The third paper is by Kent Fedorowich on a British diplomat's view of Hong Kong before the colony fell to the Japanese.
Outline:
Introduction
On Sino-Japanese Rivalry
Allied Intelligence in World War II - Hong Kong
Hong Kong on the Eve of its Occupation
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
" When Hong Kong fell to the Japanese, civilians were interned and thousands of Indian, British and Canadian soldiers that had tried to defend the colony became prisoners of war, many of them dying of disease, starvation and general abuse. (CBC 1972) Consulting Greenhous's summary of the 2,000 Canadians defeated at Hong Kong's struggle against the Japanese showed the takeover as something that people in Hong Kong would remember for many years. (1997) The soldiers fought from December 8 to 18, 1941, the Imperial Japanese Army often killing the wounded just as they viciously attacked civilians. When the Japanese took control of the colony the people lived on tiny rations, the actual takeover as brutal as anywhere in Asia the Japanese conquered. The people of Hong Kong till the lapse of 1997 were used to seeing Communist China as a place of oppression and perhaps unwanted designs on the future of Hong Kong, but Japan stayed in mind as the greater enemy, and a potential new threat. "
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Naval Doctrine and the Naval Impact in World War II, 1999.
A look at why Allied naval doctrine at the start of the war was outdated, and how the Allies quickly caught up.
3,030 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 21 sources, £ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains ll the major combatants of the war at sea in World War II entered the conflict with outdated naval doctrine and then points out that although the addition of modern weapons were vital to the outcome of the war at sea it was the Allies? ability to utilise these weapons through changing tactics and rapid adaptation that was decisive. The paper further suggests that although the Allies? initial responses to the new type of ocean warfare with which they were faced was slow this situation quickly changed and argues that the Axis powers were much slower to adapt and continually made crucial errors in estimating their opponents capabilities. Finally, it is argued that, in the end, it was the phenomenal American ability to produce, in combination with the efficient use of signals intelligence, that destroyed or nullified the Axis powers at sea.
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The Guadalcanal Campaign in the Pacific War of World War II, 1999.
Its place in World War II, and why it can be considered one of the most important events of the war.
1,590 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 8 sources, £ 36.95
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From the Paper
"In assessing the importance of the Guadalcanal campaign in the war in the Pacific I have attempted to place it in the context of that theatre relative to other important aspects. So rather than attempt to evaluate the Guadalcanal campaign as significant by itself I have examined its causal links with other events. It is common for works on World War II focusing on a particular battle or single campaign, to declare the focus of the work as a ?decisive battle? or ?turning point?. Yet when one examines these battles or campaigns as part of an overall story it becomes clear that they are pieces of a jigsaw. In actuality a chain of events that may have headed in a completely different direction given a slight change in the outcome of any other event within that context. Guadalcanal is such a campaign. "
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The History Of Jews In Canada: World War II War Criminals, 2002.
An analysis of the history of Jews in Canada with an emphasis on how the pursuit of war criminals directly affected them.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 14 sources, £ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper will examine several issues in the hope of understanding how the pursuit of war criminals directly affected (and continues to affect), Canadians and Canadian Jews as Canadians, as well as Canadian Jews as Jews. In addressing these concerns, the historical relationship between government and Jewish groups in the period under discussion, will be referenced as well.
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World War II: "A People?s War", 2005.
An examination of the impact of various social aspects of World War II in Britain on traditional class and gender barriers.
1,721 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 13 sources, APA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper considers the widely held view that World War II was a 'people's war' and involved everybody in some way. It examines phenomena of the period such as evacuation, rationing, employment of women (considering the views of Arthur Marwick, Penny Summerfield and Harold Smith) and the popularity of leisure activities such as the cinema. It also looks at whether these areas helped to break down the class and gender barriers that were a feature of British life in the 1930s and 40s. It concludes that the war was a people's war only in the sense that everybody's life was touched by it and that it did not overcome the traditional boundaries of class and gender to the extent that has been portrayed over the years.
From the Paper
"Another aspect of wartime Britain that is said to have had a levelling effect on society is the rationing of food and other items. In early 1940, ration books were introduced, allowing people a quota of basic foodstuffs, according to their individual status, for example, adult, pregnant woman, child, or manual worker, and this scheme was later supplemented by a points system for certain non-perishable goods too. Sue Bruley claims that this scheme was '...extremely popular with women as it was manifestly fairer then the free market...' However, there were still problems in its operation. Women had to contend with long queues for everything, and this caused problems for the full-time workers among them. "
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Black Men during World War II, 2008.
Examines what it meant to be an adult black male in Alabama in World War II
3,340 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 19 sources, APA, £ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that existing as a black man in Alabama during World War II, or in fact existing as a black man anywhere in the United States, was to be a man viewed as having little intellectual capacity. The paper then goes on to describe the involvement of black men in the WWII military, noting that, while the black man appeared to make great progress during World War II, these same men were to understand quickly that in reality, nothing had changed. However, for these black men, returning home from the war, it no longer seemed right or natural to 'stay in their place' because they had gained a new and larger perspective of their place. The author concludes that, while the Civil Rights movement did not arise immediately from this WWII experience, it did influence the future.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Terms and Definitions
Introduction
World War II
The Tuskegee Airmen
The Alabama Experience
Jim Crow Laws
Returning from the War
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"As already stated it was believed that the black man did not have the intellectual capacity to do things the white man could do and specifically, during the Second World War, it was not believed that the black man could pilot a plane. The struggle of African Americans to gain entry to the Army Air Corps had been ongoing since the use of planes was introduced into warfare during the First World War. In April of 1939, Public Law 18 which called for an expansion of the Air Corps was passed with part of the law containing an authorization to create black training programs in colleges."
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California During World War II, 2008.
An analysis of how the Japanese were treated and how California prospered during World War II.
1,115 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how California was affected by World War II. It discusses the concentration camps that were set up for the Japanese living in America and how their businesses were taken from them. It describes the fear of the Japanese that was felt by the American public. The paper also looks at how the production of war products increased and how the production of different industries prospered in California.
Table of Contents:
Fear and the American People during World War II
Removal of Japanese to Concentration Camps
Businesses during World War II Prospered
From the Paper
"Before discussing why the American people wanted the Japanese removed from California, it is important to grasp the fear they had during this time. "Fear gripped the country and a wave of hysterical antipathy against the Japanese engulfed the Pacific Coast" (Weber). Not only did California and people on the West Coast develop hatred toward the Japanese after the bombing on Pearl Harbor, but people throughout the country were afraid the Japanese might be spies or they might turn against them. John Rankin, a Mississippi Congressman, stated, "I'm for catching every Japanese in America, Alaska and Hawaii now and putting them in concentration camps and shipping them back to Asia as soon as possible ... This is a race war, as far as the Pacific side of the conflict is concerned" (Weber). Quite clearly, they wanted the Japanese removed from their homes and put into concentration camps even if they were American citizens."
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World Wars I and II, 2002.
A discussion of the cause and effects of both World Wars I and II.
1,305 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the causes of World War I and World War II were not one cataclysmic event but were a multitude of causes that basically derived from Nationalism and Imperialism. It shows how these two factors led to the turmoil in Europe and growing tensions and how the outbreak of World War II is an indirect link to the ending of World War I, which led to many years of chaos in Europe. It analyzes how the resulting economic depressions were a cascade of many more economic issues that Europe and America still face today and how the most radical affect was the Cold War, a war that plagued fear upon the American population for forty five years.
From the Paper
"The first cause of World War II was the intense anger over the Versailles Treaty. This Treaty was signed on June 28, 1919 and basically held Germany responsible for creating this world war. The Versailles Treaty ordered that Germany pay for all the damages that the Allies and their governments endured as a result of this war. Germany was then ordered to cut their army down to 100,000 soldiers, as well as their navy, and do away with their air-force. Germany was also angry that their territory had to be reduced as well. The territory of Alsace and Lorraine was ceded by France and certain sections of Prussia went to present day Poland. Germany felt that this treaty was ?dictated peace? and they proceeded to refuse this treaty. In doing so, the future affects would be another war. "
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European Economics after World War II, 2008.
An analysis of the devastating effect of World War II on the European economy.
3,238 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the economic impact that World War II had on Europe. It provides a brief history of the lead-up to the war and the cost of the war in terms of human casualty and then analyzes why World War II had such a devastating effect on the European economy. Finally, the paper discusses the rapid growth of the post-War golden age in Europe and the factors that contributed to it.
From the Paper
"The economy of Europe lagged far behind the United States after World War II and into the 50s (Eichengreen 2007). Its gross domestic product level was barely half American levels per person. The mass production methods in the US, which were introduced in the first half of the 20th century were just arriving in Europe at this time. Typical automobiles and modern household appliances in the US were still few and exceptional in Europe. Even 50 years later, Western Europe was still far from the US in terms of per capita GDP. But institutions of European integration wiped this difference in the quality of life so marked 50 years ago. They locked peaceful Germany into Europe so as to unleash its huge industrial might. It was something, which France and other European countries would not have allowed. These institutions created the Common Market, which in turn induced the huge expansion of trade and increased efficiency. Through the Single Market Program set up in 1986, these European institutions created a continental economy, which can now support global champion firms at a scale and a scope that could compete internationally. And with the introduction of the Euro, the inflation problem, which plagued Europe in most of the 20th century, disappeared (Eichengreen)."
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Effects of World Wars I & II, 2003.
An examination on the effects of world war I & II on America.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 18 sources, MLA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the effects of World Wars I & II on America's economy and human/social movements. It discusses the critical issues involved. The author expands on how the wars, especially World War II transformed the American economy, expanding the role of government. It highlights the blunting of social reform during both wars.
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World War II, 2006.
A discussion regarding the US participation in World War II.
1,872 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the role that the US played in World War II. The paper reports how, during the dedication ceremonies of the National World War II Memorial, US President George W. Bush remarked on how American unity and resolve, and the leadership of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, steered the course and outcome of the war in those days of hardship and uncertainty.
From the Paper
"Insights that can be drawn from the effectiveness of this framework on the economy of America also pointed to the extent of its influence in the outcome of World War II. First, it meant that the success of modern, large-scale warfare highly depended on the ability to plan, build and convert capacity, reallocate resources, to mass-produce standardized high-quality output, and coordinate material and product flows through an efficient supply chain. Second, the key to efficiency was not centralized coordination but the revitalization and reallocation of resources. Third, special interest groups would vie for influence in large-scale political-economic institutions. Moreover, the elites in the contemporary United States wielded power in commercial, political and military institutions in the last 70 or more years. There were similar and robust struggle among elites and interest groups in Eastern Europe, Russia and China at the time. Mobilization for World War II happened when the US economy was quite self-sufficient in the 1930s when global gross domestic product went to its lowest levels in the past 150 years."
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World War II, 2006.
A discussion regarding America's involvement in World War II.
831 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at America's reluctance to participate in World War II. The paper goes on to review the issues that led to the US finally getting involved. According to the paper, by the time the US entered the war, Hitler's Nazis had invaded much of Europe. The paper concludes with the idea that the American involvement in World War II transformed the role of the United States on the world's stage. What was formerly an isolationist nation found itself on the forefront of international politics.
From the Paper
"Germany would later retract on its neutrality agreement with the Soviets, by attempting to invade Russia. The unsuccessful invasion of Moscow would become one of the reasons for the eventual Nazi defeat. An emboldened Soviet Union made inroads into Eastern Europe and eventually Germany and under pressure from several fronts at once, the Nazis were forced to surrender unconditionally. Germany surrendered less than a month after President Roosevelt died."
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World War II, 2002.
A review of the book "The Reluctant Belligerent: American Entry into World War II" by Robert A. Divine.
1,303 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how "The Reluctant Belligerent: American Entry into World War II" by Robert A. Divine chronicles the history of American isolationist diplomatic policy and quasi-isolationist diplomatic policy up to and slightly after the onset of America?s entry into World War II. It examines how Divine?s book argues that American policy actually exacerbated the international tensions that existed before America?s entry into the war. It also discusses how the book suggests that American policy prolonged the subsequent world conflict, rather than stemming or containing the conflict?s eventual spread to the far corners globe.
From the Paper
"Divine, despite his stress upon a conceptual framework of isolationism versus interventionism in international affairs, still used the methods of an historian to structure his text. Thus, he took a chronological approach to the evolving conflict between America and Europe over the preceding decade to intervention and mobilization. What was so interesting about this approach, first and foremost, for a student of American history, was that Divine showed the evolving conflict from an American perspective, even though America was not formerly involved in the war at the time. Usually, American history books focus merely upon the Great Depression during the period, prior to America?s entry into World War II but after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Divine did examine how the economic impact of the depression affected America?s perceptions as an international diplomatic actor and reactor."
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