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The Insanity Plea in American Law, 2008.
A case study analysis of the use of the insanity plea in the trial of Andrea Yates.
861 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the insanity defense in American law. The paper explains that, in order to be morally culpable, a person must have awareness of the moral value of their actions. The paper then focuses on the case of Andrea Yates who killed all five of her children. It discusses her plea of insanity and describes how it was viewed and put into play during her trial.
From the Paper
"The issue of responsibility was a key issue in the first trial with her husband blaming the psychiatrists, and the psychiatrists blaming the husband. This blame game seemed to play into the hands of the insanity defense. The husband, Russell Yates, was told that if Andrea Yates had more children it would cause her to have a psychotic episode, but this warning was not followed and Andrea had another child, her fifth (8). But the husband claimed that the psychiatrists should have been better able to keep her condition from going out of control, and that they should have kept her on the medication that he thought would work."
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The Insanity Plea, 2004.
An overview of the insanity plea and its purpose in the criminal justice system.
1,182 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
In the worlds of criminal justice and psychology, the insanity plea is a controversial subject, and some experts believe that it can be abused and allow criminals to get away with committing horrific crimes. Others contend that the insanity plea is necessary to protect the mentally unstable. This paper provides a discussion on the insanity plea, how it works in the criminal justice system, and how it relates to psychology.
From the Paper
"The book goes on to assert that the insanity plea is so controversial because of the very nature of insanity. The author explains that because mental stability is wide ranging it is difficult to determine what type of mental incapacity is defined as insanity. For this reason, when there is a plea of insanity jurors must decide the defendants fate based on whether they were ?'so irrational as to be nonresponsible?. (MacKay 1995) In other words ?the moral basis of the insanity defence, states that the crucial issue 'is whether in some cases extreme craziness (involved in the defendant's offensive conduct) so compromises the defendant's rationality or creates such compulsion that it would be unjust to hold the defendant responsible.? "
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The Insanity Plea, 2004.
A discussion on the insanity of the concept of the insanity plea.
1,304 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper debates how the insanity plea and its use to obtain verdicts of acquittal for murderers is insane insofar as it allows criminals to escape punishment, reenter society, and possibly kill again.
From the Paper
"While the chance for murderers to plea insanity if they really are mentally imbalanced appears fair, it is not. This appeal has been used to get many cold hearted murderers acquitted and go free. In being free they have the opportunity to kill again. In this way, the law is saying that the insane can murder without having to pay a price for their action. Allen Brownfield, an editor of the Human Events magazine and a well known author, makes this issue very clear in "Defense Attorneys Mad about Insanity Defense." As Brownfield says, "The growing use of the insanity defense is part of a larger trend in society to eliminate personal responsibility for one's actions." The case of the Menendez brothers proves this."
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The Insanity Plea, 2005.
A discussion on the danger of using the insanity plea.
1,957 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper contends that people should be held responsible for any crime of murder they commit, except in self-defense, regardless of whether or not they are insane. It also argues that those who are acquitted on the basis of insanity should still receive a the requisite prison sentence, which they would serve in a mental institution under treatment with no chance of release until they have served the full term and are determined to have been cured.
From the Paper
"Both the law and psychology recognize the mental condition of insanity and define it. According to its psychological definition, insanity refers to a condition in which people take action on the basis of "irresistible impulse" (Fass). In other words, insane people do not have the ability to control themselves and act an understanding of the consequences of their actions or their significance. Thus, a person guilty of murder but who makes an insanity plea is actually saying that he murdered either because he did not understand what he was doing, or could not control his desire to murder. The legal definition for insanity agrees with the psychological one."
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Zipf's Law and Benford's Law, 2007.
An analysis of the mathematical significance and applications of Zipf's Law and Benford's Law.
1,279 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses both Zipf's Law and Benford's Law. It describes the theories of each law in detail and discusses how they can be applied to various situations. It describes Zipf's Law as not a theoretical law, but rather an experimental law. The paper then discusses the significance of these two laws to the field of mathematics.
From the Paper
"However, there is some lack of precision where this is concerned. Most items have to occur a number of times that is actually an integer (Li, n.d.). In other words, a word that is seen within a document cannot appear in that document 2.5 number of times. It either must appear, in this example, 2 times or three times, since there cannot be an area of the document where only 1/2 of the word appears. Despite the fact that there is some variation and lack of precision, however, when wide ranges are examined and one only desires to have a relatively close approximation, many of the natural phenomena that are seen in this world do obey Zipf's law (Li, n.d.). This is seen to hold true as long as the individual examining the issue is not looking for scientific precision and will accept the slight variation that is seen."
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American Law and Jewish Law, 2003.
Discusses the similarities and differences between American law and Jewish law (the Halakha).
2,300 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the similarities and differences between American law and Jewish law (the Halakha) in terms of change, obedience and morality. It discusses each legal systems' approach to obeying the law, law and change, and the nexus between law and morality.
From the Paper
"In discussing the idea of law legal scholar Dennis Lloyd stated that contemporary law in Western society is very much the product of influences emanating from the ancient Greeks and Hebrews who individually brought a ..."
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Case Law and Statute Law, 2005.
A theoretical comparison of these two sources of English law.
834 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to define the differences between England's common and statute laws. It looks at how the laws are formed as well as their fundamental purpose. It examines how statute is interpreted and acted upon by the courts and how it follows that precedents are formed as new cases arise. It also demonstrates how over time, statute will become part of common law as judges follow previous decisions in new cases where applicable.
From the Paper
"For political bills or proposals to become statute, that is to become Acts of Parliament, they must first be debated in the House of Commons (this is made up of elected representatives of the wider public, Members of Parliament or MPs). However, this is just the start if the process: the proposed legislation must then be accepted by MPs by way of a successful vote and further ratified by acceptance in the House of Lords. The House of Lords is the supreme court in Britain and may refuse to pass the law; but a bill can be forced through using the Parliament Act if such action is deemed necessary for Parliament to fulfil its obligation to make laws in the best interests of the nation. "
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Insane or Not Insane - That is the Question, 2002.
An examination into the question of whether Shakespeare's Hamlet was insane or not.
1,585 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
A thorough analysis of whether the character of Hamlet can be considered to be sane or insane. The paper looks at several examples and scenes of the play in order to examine this question and concludes that Hamlet was not insane, but it was simply a cover-up to confuse his enemies.
From the Paper
"In both theatrical and academic circles alike a common topic of conversation is whether or not the character of Hamlet in William Shakespeare?s masterpiece is insane or simply feigning insanity. Throughout the years since this play was first produced many theatre artists have made the strong choice to define Hamlet as insane. This choice is decidedly wrong. Hamlet is not insane. The Danish Prince is merely pretending such so that he might understand the deception revolving around him more clearly while developing a strategy of revenge."
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Competency to Stand Trial in American Law and New York Law, 2000.
A brief look at the notion of competency or fitness to stand trial, as the notion has been shaped and changed since the 1960s.
2,235 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 14 sources, £ 49.95
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From the Paper
"The history of the doctrine of competency to stand trial arose in English common law out of a concern for fairness in the trial of accused persons who, if found guilty of criminal charges, would suffer deprivations of liberty and other penalties. One of the earliest United States Supreme Court cases (Dusky v. United States,1960) determined that a defendant's competency to stand trial depended on "whether he has sufficient present ability to consult with his lawyer with a reasonable degree of rational understanding" and "whether he has a rational as well as factual understanding of the proceedings against him"."
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Social Law and Statutory Law, 2006.
An overview of the juvenile justice system in the U.S. and how it deals with juvenile delinquency.
932 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the juvenile justice system in the United States, explaining the reasons why it is separated from the regular crime system and how it is influenced by the political and social conditions of the state. Particular attention is paid to the juvenile justice system in California and how the system has increasingly focused on incarceration rather than rehabilitation. Finally, the paper discusses evidence indicating that mental health services at an early age are highly effective in treating potential juvenile offenders and turning them away from a life of crime.
From the Paper
"The main object of separating the juvenile justice system from the regular crime system had been on the assumption that minors were different from adults in their ability to make decisions and understand consequences, "The juvenile justice system has evolved over the years based on the premise that juveniles are different from adults and juveniles who commit criminal acts generally should be treated differently from adults" (Roberts, 2005). It was observed that the younger the offender, the more likely that a repeat offense would be stopped and a change in behavior would be observed. It was, therefore, thought that youngsters should be given the benefit of the doubt and should not be treated as adult offenders."
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Insanity Defense, 1997.
Argues for end to insanity plea. Looking at legal & psychological issues, including examples (John Hinkley Jr., David Berkowitz).
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, £ 33.95
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From the Paper
"The insanity defense has been a controversial legal tactic for centuries. The centuries-old idea that mentally ill criminals should not be held responsible for their actions has infuriated observers of American law. Those who seek a get-tough approach to crime see the insanity defense as legal fakery, one more tactic in a defender's bag of tricks.
Jeffrey Dahmer, John Hinkley, Jr., David Berkowitz, and Jack Ruby, among many others, will forever be linked in the public mind by their courtroom use of the insanity defense as much as by their infamous deeds. In his The Insanity Plea: The Uses and Abuses of the Insanity Defense, Winslade adds the following high-profile criminals to the roster of those who have attempted to use such a defense: Dan White, Prosenjit Poddar, Leonard Smith, Tex Watson, Robert Torsney, and James Grigson."
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The Defense of Insanity, 2002.
Determines whether or not the defense of insanity is indeed a valid one in a court of law.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, £ 34.95
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Abstract
The concept of mens rea will first be elaborated in this paper, followed by an analysis of when the defense of insanity can be applied and concluded by a brief discussion on the credibility of criminal insanity.
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Insanity in "Macbeth", 2004.
An analysis of the themes of insanity and madness in William Shakespeare's "Macbeth".
1,405 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how insanity is a predominant element in William Shakespeare's play, "Macbeth". It discusses how insanity, or madness, is represented on three different levels through Macbeth, Lady Macbeth, and Macduff, and how each character illustrates varying degrees of insanity and the possible solutions for dealing with it. It looks at how Shakespeare uses insanity in the play to heighten tension, as well as to convey a dark and sinister mood, and how, by gradually leading up to the insanity of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, we are able to witness its devastating effects. It examines how insanity develops in the play and serves as a dramatic function to reinforce the theme of "evil begets evil".
From the Paper
"Lady Macbeth begins to exhibit signs of madness with her strange trances. Her insanity is more significant than Macbeth?s insanity because of her state of mind in the beginning of the play. By making Lady Macbeth?s character despicable, her madness seems more fitting. In other words, she gets what she deserves. This is not to make light of Macbeth?s actions, for he certainly deserves what he has coming to him as well. However, with Lady Macbeth, Shakespeare is more able to reinforce the theme that evil begets evil. Shakespeare delivers this message with unforgettable irony."
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Business Law - Issues in Contact and Agency Law, 2008.
The paper discusses the legal issues arising from interpretations of Contract law and Agency law.
1,542 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer describes the case of an individual who entered into two separate legal situations, one contractual and the other relating to Agency law. The writer relates the difficulties that arose during the course of these transactions and of the legal action taken by the individual to gain compensation for alleged losses. The author examines the history of the two disputes and the legal differences between the two cases.
From the Paper
"In Jose's mind, he had accepted the Winnebago owner's final offer to sell the Winnebago for $25,000. According to the Winnebago owner, his original offer was to sell the vehicle for $30,000. When Jose offered $20,000 instead, that was a counteroffer which he rejected immediately. The Winnebago owner had then made a new offer to sell the vehicle to Jose for $25,000 which Jose never accepted, because when Jose responded "OK. If you change your mind, please call me," that was a rejection of his last offer. As of that rejection, the parties no longer had any outstanding offers or counteroffers on the table any longer except for the seller's original published offer of $30,000. Unfortunately for Jose, the lawyer he consulted confirmed the Winnebago owner's point of view and advised Jose to forget about any claim against him for breach of contract (Halbert, 24)."
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