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The implications of Rodriguez and Latimer on the Status of Euthanasia, 2002.
An examination of how the cases of Rodriguez and Latimer impacted approaches to Euthanasia
3,250 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 3 sources, £ 66.95
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Abstract
An examination of the issues and reasons which formed the decision in the Canadian cases of Sue Rodriguez and Robert Latimer. This paper examines the decision of the court in relation to the law, as well as the effects of the decision on disabled persons in Canada.
From the paper:
"The cases of Rodriguez and Latimer were landmark decisions, which set precedents over the practice of euthanasia in Canada. It is likely that these two decisions will be the cornerstones of future challenges to the laws which are currently in place prohibiting this practice. While both of these cases dealt with instances of euthanasia, the circumstances behind the cases were very different. Both have given rise to debate within Canadian society about the freedom each individual has over when and how we will die. Do we have the right to choose? Do others have the right to choose for us if we are not capable ourselves? The moral and ethical dimensions within these questions, difficult as they are, are even more complicated when the same questions are raised in relation to the criminal law. Both Rodriguez and Latimer were highly divisive cases which inflamed the emotions of those who support euthanasia, and those who oppose."
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Euthanasia - Moral Rightness or Wrongness of Robert Latimer's Act, 2000.
This paper tries to answer the question regarding euthanasia cases: Can euthanasia in any form can be morally acceptable in our society?
1,830 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of euthanasia and attempts to define whether euthanasia should be considered morally wrong or right. In order to give an answer to this question and as part of con and pro arguments several cases of voluntary and involuntary euthanasia are discussed in this paper. The case of Robert Latimer occupies a central place in this discussion and ultimately brings into the debate several moral principles-- benefit, sanctity of human life and autonomy.
From the Paper
"Robert Latimer's trial was described in the press as "Trial by popularity" and as newspapers' headlines stated "despite his second murder conviction, Latimer retains legal and public support" regardless of the fact that he caused death of his 12 year old disabled daughter by carbon monoxide. Support and sympathy for Latimer has poured in from all parts of Canada bringing with it the question of the moral rightness of what Tracy's father did."
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Ascribed Status vs. Achieved Status, 2006.
This paper analyzes how one's initial impression and perception of fellow human beings impact and determine our expectations of these individuals.
2,428 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
This insightful and well-researched paper examines how one's impression of an individual's social class molds the way in which we interact with that particular individual. This paper focuses on how the initial impressions of our fellow human beings can impact and even determine our expectations of other individuals. From a small number of visual and audio clues, we can guess at whether an individual is successful or not. These same clues tell us whether that particular person is worthy of respect, or revulsion. The writer of this paper details how the status of people, organizations, places and ideas differs depending upon the context. One group may possess a generally negative status, while others may present a negative status only in relation to certain others. This paper also explores the impact of the media on our perception of others. Newspapers and television stations are always bombarding the viewer with images of crime and criminals. They like to show photographs of the alleged victim dressed neatly in a suit and tie, or wearing the robes of an altar boy. Much stronger than these examples of individual cases of a person's status or condition, are those in which the media stereotypes a whole group of people. This paper also discusses how ethnic and minority groups are lumped together in such an easily recognized fashion.
From the Paper
"Among the other discoveries of this look at "status," was the uncovering of a still-more insidious method of reporting events. In many of the pieces at which we looked, the "judgment" that the reader is invited to make is conceived of as something that happens almost automatically. For example, Mayor Daley's defense of vocational schools does not, in reality, contain anything positive or negative about such a school. Instead, it is the mere offering of the comment that is significant. People have a certain idea about "vocational schools," and the Mayor, as well the Tribune's readers are fully cognizant of the nature of that point-of-view. A more positive way of handling the story might have been for the article to have listed all that the vocational schools would do, rather than introducing at once the idea that "You'll live with it!" Too many times, even the most objective people let slip small comments or phrases that indicate a prejudice one way or the other. Particular words become "code words."
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Ethical Philosophy: the Tracy Latimer Case, 2006.
An ethical perspective on the Tracy Latimer case where the father, Robert Latimer, assisted in the suicide of his daughter, Tracy.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, £ 50.95
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Abstract
A number of years ago Robert Latimer became the center of an international debate when he assisted in the suicide of his daughter, Tracy. At its core the debate centered on the issue of whether or not euthanasia was acceptable. This paper once again examines this matter by looking at the particulars of the Latimer case.
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Lewis Howard Latimer, 2002.
A discussion of the contribution of Lewis Howard Latimer to the field of science.
1,182 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the life and work of Lewis Howard Latimer, the son of a runaway slave born in Boston in 1848 from his beginnings as a draftsman to his first invention?water closets for railroad cars, to his expertise in inventing, installations, drafting and patenting. It also looks at how his invention of a better method of producing carbon filaments ultimately transformed the future of incandescent lamps.
Outline
Dates of Life and Work
Education Experience in Social Context
Area of Expertise
Contribution to the Field of Science and Society
Historical Significance of his Work
From the Paper
"While working at Crosby and Gould, Latimer began his career as an inventor. In 1873, he was granted a patent for his first invention?water closets for railroad cars (Klein, 1971, pp. 99-100). His belief that electricity would play a significant role in the future led him to join Hiram Maxim?s United States Electric Lighting Company (Klein, 1971, p. 100). At U.S. Electric, Latimer succeeded in increasing the life of the carbon filament of the early light bulbs. In 1881, Latimer and J.V. Nichols, another Maxim employee, claimed the patent for making improvements in incandescent electric lamps (Klein, 1971, p. 101). In the following year, Latimer invented a globe support for the electric arc lamps (Klein, 1971, p. 101)."
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Euthanasia: Whose Choice Should it Be?, 1999.
This paper analyzes ideas for and against euthanasia and then argues why euthanasia should be a choice for everyone.
2,031 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses and explains the different forms of euthanasia. The writer looks at both sides of the euthanasia argument. The writer notes that those in favor of euthanasia bring up the comparison of passive euthanasia to active euthanasia and then discusses the differences. The writer covers issues such as doctor-assisted suicide and voluntary or involuntary euthanasia. In conclusion, the writer argues that euthanasia is ethically, morally and, should be, legally right for people whose medical condition is terminal, and whose suffering and hardship outweigh the benefit of trying to prolong their life.
From the Paper
"Euthanasia has three sub-categories that can go along with either the passive or active definition. These include voluntary, involuntary, and non-voluntary. The firs sub-category is voluntary. This simply enough means that the patient willingly and capably made the choice. The second sub-category is involuntary. Involuntary, on the other hand, means that the choice was made without the patient's approval, who is otherwise capable of making the decision. Non-voluntary refers to the choice being made for an incompetent patient who is not believed to be capable of making the choice for himself. These three sub-categories play a major factor in how euthanasia is viewed and determined legally."
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Euthanasia-Who Decides?, 2002.
Explores the practice of euthanasia, using the case of Robert Latimer and the death of his severley disabled daughter as an example.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
Euthanasia is the practice of inducing death, generally in the context of incurable and painful disease. Robert Latimer practiced euthanasia when he placed his12-year-old daughter in the cab of his pick-up truck and turned on the ignition. This discussion uses this case as a stepping-stone to the wider issue of human rights and autonomy that is raised when decisions of life and death are made for the severely disabled.
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Voluntary Euthanasia in the United Kingdom, 2004.
This paper is an extensive discussion of voluntary euthanasia in the United Kingdom based on secondary research.
13,785 words (approx. 55.1 pages), 36 sources, APA, £ 176.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on voluntary euthanasia, euthanasia in which a clearly competent person makes a voluntary request for assistance in dying, which is different from non-voluntary euthanasia because, in this case, a person is either not competent or unable to express a wish about euthanasia. The author points out that many critics believe permitting voluntary euthanasia, which is supported by many people, will lead to permitting non-voluntary euthanasia. The paper states that, in the United Kingdom, physician-assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia is illegal, but euthanasia was legalized in certain circumstances in the Netherlands in 1994, in the Northern Territory of Australia in 1997, and, in November 1997, Oregon voters approved the Death with Dignity Act (DWDA); the United Kingdom also should legalize a humane death.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Hypothesis
Literature Review
Legalized Euthanasia
About Euthanasia
United Kingdom Law
A Look at the Issue
Conditions for Candidacy for Voluntary Euthanasia
A Case for Voluntary Euthanasia
Objections to Voluntary Euthanasia
A Closer Look at U.K. Legislation
The Importance of Autonomy and Consent
Methodology
Results and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Many religious groups oppose euthanasia because it goes against their faiths. Thomas Aquinas documented traditional Christian beliefs on the issue of suicide (Gula, 1997). Suicide was condemned because it harms other people, and because life is the gift of God and can only taken away by God. Muslims, and Jewish are amongst other faiths that believe life is given by God, and can only be taken away by God. One of the other major points made by religious groups is that "God does not send any experience that we cannot handle (p. 145)". For some faith groups, such as the Roman Catholics, "human suffering can have a positive value for the terminally ill and the caregivers"."
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Euthanasia, 2004.
This paper discusses the euthanasia case of Woodrow Collums in terms of the morality of his actions and demonstrates that, while active euthanasia may be illegal, both passive and active euthanasia are not morally wrong.
1,550 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the case of Woodrow, his action of shooting his brother out of compassion for his condition qualifies as active euthanasia, the action of conscious and determined taking of specific steps to cause a patient?s death. The author points out that there are three types of euthanasia: voluntary euthanasia, the explicit and voluntary consent of the patient in either verbal form or written consent such as in a living will; non-voluntary euthanasia, the killing of a patient who is unable to make his or her intentions known because of their unconscious, comatose, or other disabled state; and involuntary euthanasia, the killing of an individual whose consent is either explicitly or not explicitly given because they do not wish to die. The third type is obviously morally wrong and will not be discussed in this paper. The paper relates that, if by allowing doctors to eliminate the unnecessary suffering of patients based on either the vocal expression of permission or based on the obvious facts in the case, then situations such as Woodrow?s would not occur.
From the Paper
"The case of Woodrow Collums is an example of euthanasia. Woodrow Collums went to the Oak Hills Care Home in Poteet, Texas on November 16, 1981, and saw his brother J.K. Collums. J.K. was a victim of severe Alzheimer?s disease, and was unable to care for his bodily needs, could not speak, and could not respond to others. He was fed through a tube. Woodrow made the conscious decision, on that day, to shoot and kill J.K. His defense for his actions was that is brother was suffering greatly, and he could not, in good conscience, allow that suffering to continue. This is euthanasia: the decision to take a life out of compassion."
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Euthanasia, 2005.
This paper argues that doctor assisted suicide in the form of passive euthanasia and sometimes active euthanasia should be legalized.
995 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that doctor assisted suicide in the form of passive euthanasia should be legalized on the primary basis that human suffering should not be prolonged by medical science simply to extend physical life. The author stresses that terminally ill human beings have the inherent right to refuse medical treatment because they are the moral guardians of their own lives and the ultimate authority to be considered---not doctors, lawyers, insurance companies nor the government. The paper suggests that priorities have to be established in circumstances involving contending rights; in right-to-die issues, the highest priority should be the emotional, psychological and physical well-being of the person faced with inevitable death.
From the Paper
"This moral argument offered by opponents of doctor assisted suicide is of particular interest, for many of these groups explicitly assert that morality includes physical causality and moral culpability. It holds that active euthanasia establishes the physical causality of the physician, while passive euthanasia establishes the physical causality of the disease itself. In other words, in active and passive euthanasia the moral culpability remains the same, that is, it is in the hands of the physician. This is the due to the fact that the physician has the duty and the moral obligation to keep the patient alive. While these two separate worlds within the moral realm may cross in some places, it does not mean that they are one and the same, and this is one of the many reasons that the distinction should not be abolished."
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Euthanasia, 2002.
An explanation of the current debate on euthanasia and the arguments for and against it.
2,709 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the medical, legal, and ethical aspects of the euthanasia debate. The writer offers a number of scenarios and analyzes the best possible outcome for the patient, offering alternatives to euthanasia, as well.
Contents
Introduction
Euthanasia and the Different types
Passive and Active Euthanasia
Voluntary and Involuntary Euthanasia
Euthanasia (the appropriate Solution)
Dependency Vs Autonomy
Euthanasia (Not a Right Solution)
Palliative Care
Euthanasia (Medical perspective)
Euthanasia a Legal perspective
The Danger in Legalizing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Euthanasia is a combination of two Greek words Eu (easy, painless or happy) and ?thanatos? meaning death. So the essential meaning of the term Euthanasia is painfree and happy end to life. So Euthanasia is the term for the act of delivering the suffering patient from his troubles by putting him to death. In other words it is nothing but physician assisted suicide (PAS). [Michigan Technological University]. There are basically two different forms of Euthanasia namely Active or Passive Euthanasia and Voluntary or involuntary Euthanasia."
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Euthanasia, 2003.
An insight into euthanasia with an emphasis on the difference between passive and active euthanasia and the concept of Physician Assisted Suicide.
1,465 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on euthanasia or assisted suicide and in particular the differences between its active and passive forms. It examines how passive euthanasia refers to hastening the death of a person by not treating a life threatening condition or by not taking any extraordinary measures to save a patients life who may either be in severe pain or terminally ill. Active euthanasia means causing death of a person through an action which directly contributes to that person?s death.
Outline
Passive and Active Euthanasia
The Conflict Between Active and Passive Euthanasia
When is Physician Assisted Suicide Permissible?
What is an Incompetent or Vegetable-Like State?
Personal Opinion
From the Paper
"The American Medical Association and the American judicial system clearly state that ?active euthanasia? and ?passive euthanasia? are different and that in simple terms the difference between the two is killing (active) and allowing to die (passive). Active Euthanasia is punishable by the strictest penalties to be found in our legal system, while Passive Euthanasia is not even a misdemeanor. The question does arise though, whether, in terms of outcome and how that outcome is achieved, do these two terms really differ?"
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Euthanasia, 2007.
This paper discusses the controversial issue of euthanasia, or mercy killing.
1,510 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that euthanasia or mercy killing is a Greek word actually meaning 'good or happy death'. The writer notes that in today's terminology, euthanasia means to "allow" someone to die, either at the hands of someone else, or at his or her own hands. The writer then discusses whether it is possible to envisage a level of pain or suffering where suicide is the best way out. The writer also asks whether one could imagine a point in someone's life where life could be considered as unworthy of living. The writer continues that even if the answer to this question is yes, does anyone have the right to end life? The writer concludes that a person's desire to be permitted to seek euthanasia, when a terminal illness becomes prolonged or unbearable, is a result of concern for quality of life and living with dignity without pain and suffering. Further, the writer claims that, while most people acknowledge that in cases of years of vegetative state with no chance of recovery or terminal illness with extreme pain and suffering, people should have a right to ask for euthanasia, permitting 'euthanasia on demand' has to be discouraged.
Outline:
Introduction
Philosophical Views
Types of Euthanasia
Right to Live with Dignity
Euthanasia-An Ethical Dilemma
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Euthanasia is certainly an intensely controversial topic and like pro- and anti - abortion advocates of abortion debate, pro euthanasia and pro-life argument excite high emotions. In this case the debates are opening a topic that certainly requires compassionate consideration. Should the doctors prolong life of a vegetative patient who has been on life support for years without any sign of recovery?
This debate very recently played on television all over the world in the Terri Schiavo Case. In this case, husband of Terri Schiavo, a vegetative patient, fought in courts to implement a promise he made to his wife for euthanasia in such an event. The woman's parents and supporters for anti euthanasia movement opposed withdrawal of the feeding tube and took the case right up to the Supreme Court. Terry Schiavo was eventually allowed to die as she wished, but the debate regarding euthanasia lives on."
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Euthanasia, 2002.
A discussion of the morality of euthanasia.
902 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces and analyzes the topic of euthanasia. Specifically, it discusses the morality of euthanasia and its outlook for the future in the United States. Euthanasia is a hotly debated topic, and one that still must be addressed by the people and the courts of the United States, for the good of all concerned.
Outline
Introduction and Thesis
Definition of Euthanasia
Passive Euthanasia
Removing Life Support
Active Euthanasia
Moral Issues
Moral and Religious Beliefs
Die With Dignity
Personal Experience
Ethical Issues
Death With Dignity Act in Oregon
Conclusion
Similarity to Netherlands Laws
From the Paper
"The moral issues surrounding euthanasia are great, and show no signs of disappearing due to legislation or law anytime soon. There are too many vocal opponents to euthanasia, who believe it is morally wrong to end a life before it is ended naturally, no matter what the reasoning behind the euthanasia. In other words, it is morally wrong to end the suffering of another human being. The Catholic Church, as well as many other pro-life and religious groups condones this moral outlook. Usually, when euthanasia has been tested in the courts, it is because of these moral and religious beliefs. The proponents of euthanasia feel everyone has a right to die, just as they have a right to live, and everyone has the right to die with their dignity intact."
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