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Human Cruelty, 2007.
This paper compares Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" and John Chioles' "Before the Firing Squad".
1,596 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper portrays how both short stories "The Lottery" and "Before the Firing Squad" differ with regard to their setting and context, but are both about the irrationality of human violence. The paper illustrates how the main characters in both stories share the emotional burden of having to take part in a violent action against members of their community. The paper highlights how both stories reveal the nature of human communities and the ties that exist between men, but that are easily broken when duty or tradition intervenes.
From the Paper
"Shirley Jackson and John Chioles are both short-story writers, treating of similar aspects of human life. The two authors belong to different epochs, and the two stories under comparison have been written at an interval of almost half a century, but nonetheless, have a lot in common through the themes they tackle, although they differ in almost everything else, from composition to setting and context."
"Jackson' s work stands out because of the deeply human, although sometimes contextually unrealistic, subjects that she approaches in her fiction. John Chioles is a writer and translator, and a professor at the New York University, an expert in Greek classical studies. His work of fiction is also humanistic, like Shirley Jackson's, and mostly inspired by the Greek culture and civilization."
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Cruelty and Kindness in "Halfbreed", 2002.
A study of the themes kindness and cruelty in the autobiographical novel, "Halfbreed" by Maria Campbell.
927 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the novel, "Halfbreed" by Maria Campbell, an autobiography where Campbell describes the struggles of her life centered around her being a halfbreed, a half-Indian and half-white person, rejected by both the Indian and the white people. The paper shows that cruelty and kindness are important themes of Campbell?s story. Firstly, there is the human cruelty of discrimination, represented by the acts of the people. Secondly, it describes the cruelty of society, where society oppresses people. Finally, the paper discusses a belief in human kindness that allows Campbell to overcome the struggles, with the writing of the autobiography an act of reaching out to the people who have discriminated against her and offering them the opportunity to understand the cruelty of their ways and choose to change these ways.
From the Paper
"Campbell shows that it is the basis of society that is responsible for the treatment of the halfbreeds. The halfbreeds are homeless because the government took their land from them, forcing them to live in poverty. Their culture was never accepted, instead they were expected to fit into the Canadian culture. This separated the halfbreeds from the rest of society, forcing them to be seen as outcasts. Campbell expresses this process when she says recalls her grandmother?s words, ?My Cheechum used to tell me that when the government gives you something, they take all that you have in return - your pride, your dignity, all the things that make you a living soul.?"
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Human Alienation, 2004.
An examination of the trauma of human alienation and isolation as described in in Franz Kafka's novella ,"The Metamorphosis".
1,020 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how Kafka?s novella deftly describes the nature of human isolation, its causes, and its ill effects. It discusses how the protagonist, Gregor Samsa?s, physical condition is one of the key causes of his being isolated from his family, even though it becomes clear that Gregor?s isolation was in large part self-imposed. It also discusses how the Samsa family isolates itself from the world, and only after Gregor?s death, do they break free of their self-imposed alienation. It concludes that alienation, however, is mainly a product of human cruelty, imposed on individuals who do not conform to societal norms and standards.
From the Paper
"Gregor?s isolation mirrors that which all human beings experience. Alienation is largely based on physical appearances: anyone who looks different from society?s norms will be treated with fear, aversion, even disgust and hatred. Therefore, human isolation is imposed on the individual by an unforgiving society. In the case of Gregor, even his family contributed to his alienation. However, isolation is often self-imposed. Just as Gregor locks himself away and the Samsas refuse to show their faces in public, so too do people shield themselves through self-imposed separation. All persons have felt like staying home instead of going out, of letting the phone ring instead of answering it. However, human isolation and alienation are fundamentally painful, even lethal experiences; as is illustrated by Kafka?s novella The Metamorphosis."
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Human Sexuality, 2005.
This paper discusses human sexuality throughout history.
3,000 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, having been used as a means of control, a form of art or science and as a means of demonstrating a statement of right, such as the Flappers of the 1920's,, sexuality has had a significant role in human history. The author points out that one of the oldest forms of religious worship may have been the Phallic Cult-Object; in many of the ancient cultures irrespective of their location, sex was very often a focal point in activities as presented in epic narratives. The paper relates that a careful study of medieval history shows that the feudal society, especially under the control of the Albigensian heretics during the eleventh to thirteenth centuries, was barbarian and quite chaotic, full of murder, rape, massacre and cruelty; knights in shining armor were simply thugs and rapists with the sexual aim of trying to sleep with a married woman by seducing her.
From the Paper
"The problem with this was that in the event of a rape it was also believed that a woman could not fall pregnant unless she had been a willing partner to the act. Till now, all that has been studied is still not conclusive evidence of any side of the consideration. The Church would have played a role in prevent sexual pleasures to women and the theory on conception would have provided the support to sexual pleasure. Looking ahead at what Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales" tells us may give us a better opportunity to confirm whether women did enjoy sex in the Middle Ages or not, though the literary source is that of a man as was the case in those days. The "Wife of Bath" turns out to be an earthy and sensual woman, who wanted that sexual pleasures be a part of her marriages. Many of the tales in the book do give a clear picture of sexual adventures and with both the men and women having a good time."
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The Social Implications of Striving to Be Human, 2008.
This paper discusses the book "Of Mice and Men" by John Steinbeck, focusing on the social implications of striving to be human.
1,552 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in "Of Mice and Men", Steinbeck wrote of George and Lennie, a pair of ranch hands that were attempting to at long last realize their dreams of owning a small parcel of land and be considered as important human beings in the social order. The writer points out that Steinbeck included Lennie's mental condition and poverty as obstacles to that dream, which assisted in destroying the pair's goals through an episode of unintentional murder. The writer discusses that Steinbeck was successful at making a statement in this scene which indicated that the common man would always know struggle as a means of survival and that in most cases struggle to overcome social expectations would end in failure. The writer concludes that this is because society as whole makes determination about the placement of people and their roles in the social order and when those people intentionally strive to cast the rules aside, society must react with cruelty to ensure that balance in the social order is maintained.
From the Paper
"Steinbeck wrote of two main characters, George and Lennie. It is apparent, from the opening pages of the book that George and Lennie have led difficult lives, but that between them there is an immense hope for change in the future. Their shared dream is to own their own place where they can be proud members of society, rather than laborers that never realize reward for their work. Yet, also in the opening pages of the book, it is evident that there are two factors that may affect their pursuit of their dream and these are the mental health of Lennie and the social position of the pair that likens them to animals, rather than human beings."
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Cruelty To Animals, 2002.
This paper examines the current state of animal cruelty laws in today's society.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 12 sources, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a brief history of animal cruelty laws and the interest groups that fight against animal cruelty. The author feels that the information provided is the most current data about animal cruelty and instances of recent animal cruelty cases.
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Cruelty in "The Lottery", 2005.
The theme of cruelty is examined in Shirley Jackson's story, "The Lottery".
867 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
Cruelty often comes in many forms. In Shirley Jackson's short story, "The Lottery," the writer points out that we see human cruelty in its worst form because there is no excuse for it. It explains how, in this story, cruelty manifests itself in the form of a ritual that makes no sense except for the fact that the ritual has been passed down for generations. It discusses how Jackson's example illustrates how mankind can become a victim to its own mindless traditions and that the theme of cruelty emerges through the words and behavior of the townspeople.
From the Paper
"The behavior of the townspeople is very telling. We know that the people gather in the same place every year to participate in this customary ritual. It is interesting to note that the history of this lottery is lost. For example, we read that the "original paraphernalia" (Jackson 619) from where this lottery survives was lost "long ago" (619). The people are like drones because they did not like "to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box" (619). This is fascinating considering what is happening. Rather than question their behavior, they would rather sit back and let the madness continue. Instead, they allow innocent people to be killed. This illustrates how they have become desensitized to what is happening. We can also see how they are desensitized when Mr. Adams tells Mr. Warner that a town nearby is considering giving up the lottery, to which Mr. Warner replies that they are a "pack of young fools" (622). Mr. Warner is old and he is as much a creature of habit as the rest of the town is. His reply to Mr. Adams indicates a truth about humanity in general, which is that if people do something long enough, they begin to believe that it is acceptable and perhaps even right. Here we see how tradition becomes essential to a community because it gives them a sense of belonging and strangely, a sense of purpose."
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Animal Cruelty, 2005.
A look at the direct correlation between domestic violence and animal cruelty.
852 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between domestic violence and animal cruelty by exploring the relationship between the two problems and by examining research that supports this thesis.
From the Paper
"Until recently there has been a lack of attention toward animal abuse and very little study made into the relationship between domestic violence and pet cruelty. Indeed it has been discovered, the bond between women and their companion animals makes it possible for batterers to coerce, intimidate, and control women by abusing their pets. The batterer finds great pleasure in knowing they have hurt the victim through hurting something they love. Elizabeth Strand writes, "the link between animal abuse and woman battering completes the circle of abuse, more commonly called the tangled web of abuse, which must be addressed by social workers in order to intervene effectively and prevent family violence" (par. 6). This link between the two behaviors is commonly referred to as "Link(R)" (American Humane, par. 1) by Animal Rescue professionals like the Humane Society. This emergence of animal cruelty has set into action changes in state law. Due to the number of cases recently with evidence so overwhelming, 41 states and the District of Columbia currently have felony-level convictions for serious acts of animal abuse."
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A Study in Cruelty, 2002.
An examination of the treatment of children and the human rights they possess.
1,815 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper takes the reader on an exploratory journey through the topic of rights and responsibilities as related to child developmental stages. The paper provides a child profile and examines the development from the standpoint of several theorists. In addition the concept of human rights is discussed as well as the rights of a child specifically.
From the Paper
"Often times children think they are much more grownup than they actually are. We see them trying to be adults when they are still only children. Our job as adults is to guide them through their childhood and try and get them to wait for certain developmental stages before embarking on the next set of goals and tasks. We try our best and are successful the majority of the time, but what happens when it fails and the child commits an adult act? Do we continue to treat her as a child or do we recognize the fact that she made an adult decisions and stand by her for the outcome?"
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Animal Cruelty, 2007.
An overview of the psychology behind cruelty to animals and what can be done to stop it.
1,064 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
Cruelty against animals has been a problem that has plagued human history since the earliest days of mankind. This paper discusses how animal abuse is linked to serious psychological problems and how protection of animals also serves to protect humans. The paper contends that in order to prevent further abuse in the future, a uniform system of stricter laws protecting the rights of animals should be passed and enforced across the country.
From the Paper
"There is a clear connection between cruelty toward animals as a child and violent crimes committed toward humans later in life. Researchers, as well as the FBI and other law enforcement agencies nationwide, have linked animal cruelty to not only serial killings but also domestic violence, child abuse, and the recent rash of killings by school-age children, according to Dr. Randall Lockwood, Vice President of Training Initiatives for The Humane Society of the United States. (Syufy) In order to protect human and animal victims, there needs to be an awareness of the relationship between violence to animals and subsequent or concurrent violence toward other people. "
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Cruelty to Animals, 2006.
An assessment of organizational and governmental efforts to protect animals.
1,825 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the organizations, governmental agencies and courtrooms acting to protect animals from cruelty. The paper begins with a review of the laws against cruelty to animals. Next, the paper explores the mission and success of some of the most well-known non-profit organizations working to protect animals. Included are the Humane Society and American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, as well as People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). The paper also briefly discusses smaller, grassroots organizations, like Animal Cruelty Actionline. The paper then turns to the laws against animal cruelty and their application in several rather disturbing courtroom cases.
From the Paper
"There are currently hundreds of organizations around to prevent and stop cruelty to animals. The most widely recognized organizations are the American Humane Society and the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The ASPCA since its inception has become a role model for other similar organizations to follow. The organization has a legislative action center in which volunteers are asked to write their legislatures in order to rally for stricter penalties against animal cruelty. Volunteers are kept abreast on current issues related to animal cruelty. The society also keeps a listing of animal humane law enforcement officials and animal control agencies throughout the United States."
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Animal Cruelty, 2008.
This paper presents a strong argument against animal abuse and discrimination.
725 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
The paper examines what causes humans to frequently rationalize behavior that underlies animal cruelty. The paper looks at Peter Singer's "Animal Liberation" where Singer emphasizes that the relationship between humans and animals is not equal, yet maintains that the intellectual ability of non human animals holds no relevance to their given rights as living species. The paper contends, therefore, that animal abuse is unethical and must come to an end. The paper also maintains that, as humans, it is essential to first recognize that animal discrimination takes place and then take immediate action to stop immoral acts against animals.
From the Paper
""The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated" (Mahatma Gandhi). Prior to human existence sat a time when pure nature grazed the earth, a time before pollution, hunting, or human civilization. The variety of animal species and lush vegetation surrounding their peaceful habitats comprised a beautiful circle of life. Unfortunately times have changed for nonhuman animals and for centuries they have been the victim of irrational discrimination. Indeed it be easy to write a entire novel on specific actions and examples that convey the harsh scrutiny animals face. However I feel it is more important to examine what causes humans to frequently rationalize behavior that underlies animal cruelty."
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"Evil: Inside Human Violence & Cruelty" ( Roy Baumeister ), 1999.
Critical review of work on four root causes of human evil.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, £ 28.95
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From the Paper
" Evil is in the eye of the beholder. Roy Baumeister makes a convincing case for this assertion in his book, "Evil: Inside Human Violence and Cruelty." Baumeister also debunks the popular myth of evil perpetuated by the media in its coverage of random acts of violence, i.e., violence is often committed by crazed, blood-thirsty individuals. Almost any person is capable of evil if sufficient self control is not exercised.
Baumeister defines evil in its broadest sense. He restricts his analysis to acts of evil perpetrated by human beings. Since the most common manifestation of evil is violence, the author makes this the focal point of his study, but also considers various other forms, such as oppression and petty cruelty.
One of the problems with studying evil is that a magnitude gap exists between the perpetrator of evil and the victim. As.."
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Sadism and Cruelty in War, 2007.
This paper explores what standards are in place to define and condemn sadism in wartime.
2,733 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper presents a detailed examination of sadistic behaviors during wars. The writer explores various examples in which people were subjected to behaviors that could be considered sadistic in nature, such as American soldiers beating Iraqis and the Germans' behavior during the Holocaust. The paper examines the possible causes of such behavior and the acceptance of the behavior by those who witnessed it occurring. The writer focuses on the term sadistic and the established definitions and standards of evidence that are related to the concept of sadism. The paper also looks at the Geneva Rules of Convention that lay out clear and concise acceptable behaviors when it comes to how people are expected to conduct themselves during war.
Outline:
Introduction
Examples
Getting to the Cause
Evidences Needed to Call it Wrong
Defining the Act
Specifics
Geneva Rules
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Part of the difficulty in defining what is and what is not sadistic behavior during war, is the very fact that the people involved are at war. There are very thin lines between defense and offense, sadistic behavior and protection. While many of the acts committed during a war may appear at first glance to be sadistic in nature, when one examines the circumstances more closely, one discovers that the acts are actually acts of self defense or of combat. In situations such as the one with the American soldiers torturing the Iraq prisoners, the evidence is clear and irrefutable. There have been other instances however, in which the lines are not as clear and the debate about the treatment of POW's has raged with no resolution."
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