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Hormonal Imbalances and Human Behavior, 2005.
A look at how hormones affect human behavior.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the effect of hormonal imbalances on human behavior. The paper looks at thyroid, adrenal, gonadal and placental hormones, PMS, PND, and the chemical basis for how hormones cause depression and other behavioral changes.
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Human Growth Hormone, 2004.
A comprehensive analysis of human growth hormone and its implications for health care providers and consumers.
5,900 words (approx. 23.6 pages), 25 sources, APA, £ 100.95
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Abstract
Described as the new 'fountain of youth' and as a potential health hazard that is being increasingly abused, human growth hormone seems to promise to provide a number of far-reaching benefits for the elderly and those who are suffering from various diseases related to the endocrine system. This paper introduces the topic, provides a review and discussion of the relevant literature to determine what the human growth hormone is, how it works, and what the experts are saying about its benefits and drawbacks. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"The editors emphasize that the abuse of performance-enhancing drugs is not limited to professional athletes. They cite research by the National Institute on Drug Abuse which indicates that more than 500,000 teenagers (175,000 girls and 325,000 boys used steroids, in the past year alone). According to the Healthy Competition Foundation, one in four teens knows someone who has abused performance-enhancing drugs but only 50 percent of the teens who were surveyed were even aware of one potential side effect of the drugs involved (Bad sports, October 2000, p. 1). Of the various compounds available, Emma Davy says that probably the most popular performance-enhancing drug today is human growth hormone which is banned in most sports."
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Adolescent Television Behavior and Actual Behavior, 2002.
Examination of adolescent behavior as depicted on television; compared with actual adolescent behavioral patterns.
4,838 words (approx. 19.4 pages), 20 sources, APA, £ 88.95
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Abstract
This study uses content analysis to examine adolescent television drama program behavior as compared to actual adolescent behavioral statistics from the National Center for Health Statistics. Issues of sexual behavior, alcohol usage and drug usage were analyzed. This work contributes to cultivation theory; the culmination of similar messages on fictional adolescent television drama programs re-enforces impressions that are not based on reality.
From the Paper
"Media can be described in many ways and forms. It is the dissemination of news, events, and information as well as a portrayal of America. It contains movies, sitcoms, dramas, comedies, news, and world events that all shape our reality of what the world is. Television more specifically is so popular because its function is to be a mirrored image of what America is, its beliefs, and ideas. Because it performs this function, it is considered entertainment. This industry is a multi-billion dollar industry that centers around two words: money and people. It does not necessarily have to be accurate for people to believe it. People will believe what they find to be interesting whether it is true or not, based upon no actual proof. This is why the media can get away with straying from the truth, because people do not care whether what they absorb is true. Truth is a very powerful concept that most people take too lightly. Most people will not admit that what they watch on television, hear on the radio, or read in the newspaper affects them. However, it has been proven through the cultivation theory that this effect is present, it does occur, and it subsequently affects the way a country perceives itself. This is how the media ultimately controls the power of thought."
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Hormones and Heredity, 2007.
This paper examines the effects of hormones on human behavior.
781 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how, although environment and heredity are important sources of determining human behavior, hormones also have a marked influence on our physical and mental state and thus can alter our behavior, at least for some time. The paper explains that while someone may be genetically predisposed to certain behavior, he is not likely to act until there are other influences fueling that action. The paper shows how heredity is a weak source in isolation, but together with environmental factors, hormones may influence a person's behavior.
From the Paper
"Human behavior has been an interesting subject of discussion and research. It is commonly believed that genes and environment determine human behavior. We need to not forget that genes are precisely what we call hereditary in ordinary language. When we are that someone is hereditarily prone to doing a certain thing, what we mean is that his genetic makeup makes his susceptible to such an action. There are certain characteristics or personality traits that human beings inherit and thus we blame these on genes."
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Human Sexuality, 2007.
This paper discusses the philosophy of human sexuality.
2,253 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the study of human sexuality and gender roles is a discipline complicated by a vast range of biases and prejudices. The writer notes that it may be arguable, with some justification, that it is impossible to approach this study from an unbiased perspective given our common humanity that the degree to which each of us is implicated in social relationships and influenced by our hormonal and physiological conditions. Within this context, this essay explores the questions of how sexuality and gender roles are constructed and the issues associated with medical interventions with regard to determining sexuality and gender roles. This essay argues the thesis that while sex is generally biologically determined, sexual orientation and gender roles are often - though not necessarily exclusively - socially constructed. Given this perspective, it is argued that medical interventions in these areas become highly problematic given the likelihood that they will be based upon not necessarily the patient's best interests, but the social preoccupations and biases of the medical intervenor.
From the Paper
"Thus, the numbers of truly inter-sexed infants may be assumed to be so small as to be statistically insignificant. While Kessler argues convincingly that physicians' socially constructed biases with respect to sexual orientation influence their interventions in inter-sexed infants, the fact remains that the numbers of such cases are so small as to not affect the overall conclusion that humanity is - in the vast majority - determined biologically by sex into male and female."
"Beyond this, however, evidence suggests that sexual orientation and gender roles may be significantly influenced by social construction to the point that the latter may often be the dominant factor in determining these roles."
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Human Pair Bonding, 2008.
An analysis of human pair bonding in terms of physical and psychological attraction.
2,368 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 41 sources, APA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the biological perceptive of male to female pair bonding. It particularly discusses human pair bonding in relationship to hormone production, as well as olfactory and visual information. The paper looks at a few of the many subjects and variables that affect attraction between the sexes, both physically and psychologically.
From the Paper
"Moreover, large eyes, small nose, small chin, prominent cheekbones, narrow cheeks high eyebrows, large pupils and large smile were correlated with attractiveness in females (Cunningham, 1986). Females with greater eye height, smaller nose area, greater cheekbone, and a wider smile were positively correlated with intelligence. Greater eye height and width, smaller nose area, wider cheekbones, higher eyebrows, wider pupils and wider smiles were seen to be more sociable. Assertiveness was correlated with only greater eye height, smaller nose area, and a wider smile (Cunningham, 1986)."
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Hormonal Changes in Middle-Adulthood, 2005.
A discussion of biological and hormonal changes in human middle-aged adults.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the various aspects of biological and hormonal changes in the human body that play a part in the Middle Adulthood stage of life-span development. However, the paper had a problem defining adequate psychological gender norms as they seemed over simplified and problematic, since the issues of passive/aggressive behavioral attributes are so widely spread between older males and females.
From the Paper
"Psychology: Understanding and Evaluating Middle Adulthood in Relation to Gender Crossover, Psychology and Hormonal Changes in Lifespan Development This sociological study will evaluate and understand the various changes that occur when a human being reaches the Middle Adulthood stage of their lifespan development. By realizing the behavioral and biological changes associated with gender crossover and hormonal changes in personality. In this manner, one can realize how the body and the personality patterns change in relation to a gender pattern of external societal influences. In essence, through hormones, gender issues, and converging gender parallels, Middle Adulthood presents a stage of development that is congruous with lifespan development. This issue of hormonal changes that occur within the personality of a human being going through Middle Adulthood is important in life-span biology. The problem of evaluating gender roles in middle Adulthood is discovering the causal nature of human behaviors."
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Fundamental Imbalances of Developing Economies, 2007.
An examination of the major consequences of the imbalances between a nation's urban and rural populations and industries.
1,917 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper clarifies the numerous effects that result from the imbalances between a nation's urban and rural populations and industries. It examines the major consequences of this imbalance, such as overpopulation of urban areas through mass migration, increasing income inequality, the creation of a dual economic structure, the mounting poverty of the rural sector and a lack of social welfare amid many other shortcomings.
From the Paper
"Starting from the early fifties, when a large number of Third World countries got their independence, most of them failed to start an indigenous process of development. Almost all of them equated modernization with rapid industrialization, and ignored the historical experience and cultural differences, doing their best to emulate the model that the Western world had created. Consequently, they got the sequence of their development process wrong. To realize the problems facilitated by the advancement of the industrial sector and a stagnant agricultural improvement, it is important to clarify exactly what these two different sectors are. Put simply, the modern industrial and informal sectors make up the urban population of an economy while the traditional and modern agricultural sectors constitute the rural population. The overall occurring theme between these two groups of the economy and the further advancement of one over the other is overpopulation due to the immense and rapid flight of the rural population to the cities. That is, overpopulation of the urban sector giving way to income inequality, thus leading to a poorer rural area. This then leads to a further migration to the urban sector, causing the poverty in the cities to increase. You then have the emergence of an urban informal sector (including street vendors, city transportation, prostitutes, etc.) where people are trying to earn income in a non-capitalist way."
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Peer Reinforcement and Punishment of Sex-typed Behaviors in Children, 2003.
An analysis of research on sex-typed behavior in children from a behavior analytic perspective. Reviews a number of studies done on this subject and interprets them using behavior analytic concepts.
2,857 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 60.95
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Abstract
A number of studies on sex-typed behaviors in children are summarized and analyzed using concepts from the psychological perspective of behavior analysis. Specifically, peer reinforcement and punishment of sex-typed behaviors is examined. It is argued that peers are an important factor in the socialization of children into gender-specific roles and that most gender differences are not innate, but rather are formed through the mechanisms of reinforcement and punishment.
From the Paper
"The question of how children learn to behave in gender-specific ways is one for which many different explanations have been offered. There are evolutionary psychological, social-cognitive, and numerous other approaches. In this paper, I will address this issue from a behavior analytic perspective. By applying the principals of behaviorism, the processes by which children learn gender-appropriate behavior can be better understood. Specifically, I will investigate how peers reinforce and punish sex-typed behaviors in children, and how different behavior analytic concepts can help explain the results of some of the studies done in this field."
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Behavioral Management for Early Childhood - Pre-K, 2008.
This essay discusses the issue of maladaptive behavior in the early educational setting. Specifically, it looks to identify maladaptive behaviors, apply current theories and correct these behaviors.
5,203 words (approx. 20.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, £ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper looks into the issue of increasing violent behavior among young school age children, while asserting that there is growing evidence that early intervention by schools to correct maladaptive behavior may result in decreased violent behavior as these children grow older. Furthermore, this paper looks at the issue from the view of early childhood professionals, stating the importance of recognizing these aggressive behaviors and managing them properly. The paper discusses the differences between normal maladaptive behavior from pathological behavioral disorders as well as the theories that govern a child's development of behavior and how these are applied to the current knowledge of managing behavior. Lastly, the paper discusses methods or models that are used to correct these behaviors.
Outline:
Introduction
Normal Misbehavior and Disruptive Behavior in Preschool Children
Theories in Child Behavior Development
Management for Normative misbehavior among Preschoolers
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the two cases presented by Goodwin et al (2003), these preschoolers were seen to manifest with behavioral problems due to reasons that could and were remedied by the Childreach program. Three-year old Kelsey had been acted out aggressively because of feeling of isolation. She appeared to have problems with excessive nasal discharge secondary to allergies. Breathing through her mouth made her drool as well. She also had a problem with controlling her urinary impulses as she suffered from toilet training delays as well. Because of this, Kelsey was isolated by her peers and she was often ignored. Kelsey began to seek attention by physically hurting her peers. This kind of reaction did not make her popular but it did get people's attention. The Childreach program helped her improve her hygiene and social skills. Addressing these two issues had allowed Kelsey to have friends. In another case, Richard was referred to the Childreach program due to defiance, opposition, and aggression. It had been found that Richard's language skills was delayed by 18 months and his aggression was rooted from his frustration from not being able to follow, or appropriately respond to his environment. Therefore, his inability to communicate properly was addressed, and both parents and teachers were taught better ways to communicate with him."
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Autism and Behavioral Assessment, 1999.
Describes the disorder and assumptions, process, scales and the effectiveness of behavioral analysis (not behavior modification).
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, £ 56.95
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Abstract
After providing a brief definition of the developmental disorder of autism, this paper examines the ways in which behavioral analysis or behavioral assessment has been used as a treatment strategy for this syndrome in children.
From the Paper
"Abstract
After providing a brief definition of the developmental disorder of autism, this paper examines the ways in which behavioral analysis or behavioral assessment has been used as a treatment strategy for this syndrome in children. Behavioral analysis sets aside questions of the complex and opaque etiology of this syndrome to attempt to provide effective treatment by altering the environment of autistic individuals so that they can in turn control their systems. This is a substantial shift in emphasis from earlier methods of treatment that attempted to directly affect or to control the autistic individual without altering environment stimuli in necessary ways. The literature on this form of treatment is reviewed to demonstrate that researchers believe such behavioral analyses are by far the most effective ways known current ..."
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Alcohol and Women, 2002.
This paper is a proposal for a research study to examine how menstrual function may affect recovering alcohol females.
9,630 words (approx. 38.5 pages), 45 sources, APA, £ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper is a proposal for a research study consisting of an examination for systematic association between three menstrual conditions (premenstrual syndrome, peri-menopause and menopause) and relapse, in a convenience sample of recovering alcoholics. The paper includes an extensive review of the literature. The author states that the basic research approach is descriptive involving hypothesis formulation and testing using several correlational hypotheses tests.
Table of Contents
Background
The Problem
Purpose of the Study
Assumptions
Review of the Literature
Introduction
Premenstrual Symptoms, Perimenopause, Menopause and Hormonal
Imbalances
Premenstrual Symptoms, Hormonal Imbalances and Treatment
Perimenopause Symptoms, Hormonal Imbalances and Treatment
Menopause Symptoms, Hormonal Imbalances and Treatment
Relation of Alcohol To Female Hormonal Imbalances Associated With
PMS, Perimenopause, and Menopause
Relapse in Recovering Alcoholic Females: Associations With PMS, Perimenopause and Menopause
Conclusions
Methodology
Research Approach and Design
Population and Sample
Instrumentation
Procedures
Data Analysis Plan
References
From the Paper
"A number of conceptual assumptions serve as the foundation for this research. One of the key assumptions of the study is that PMS, perimenopause and/or menopause can operate, through the various symptoms associated with each of these conditions, contribute increased psychoemotional and physical stress to the lives of women in general and recovering alcoholic women in particular. A second assumption of the study is that the degree of stress associated with the symptoms of PMS, perimenopause and menopause can be significantly reduced and/or eliminated by certain interventions such as changes in lifestyle, improvement in eating habits and nutrition, exercise, and hormone replacement therapy."
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Theories of Social Behavior, 2002.
Contrasts the primary theories of social behavior: behaviorism, functionalism and sociobiology.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
The theories discussed in this paper represent most of the spectrum of materialist (i.e. non-mentalist) thought about human society. The paper contrasts the work of BF Skinner, Marvin Harris, and Edward Wilson in behaviorism, functionalism, and sociobiology, respectively.
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Ethical Behavior in Organizations, 2002.
An in-depth discussion of the importance of ethical behavior in the business world and how this should be the responsibility of every organization.
7,521 words (approx. 30.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 118.95
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Abstract
This analytical research report discusses the debatable issue of the much-needed ethical behavior in working milieu. The research paper highlights the fundamental characteristics, a well-drafted research design, a separate section of suggestions; a works cited page and an appendix featuring important data and relevant diagrams pertaining to the organizational behavior theory and the underlying ethical issues.
Ethics And Organizations
Ethics and Ethical Behavior: A Challenge for Organizations
Unethical Behavior in Organizations
Reasons for Unethical Behavior in Organizations
Prevalent Justifications of Unethical Behavior
Results from Baucus and Near?s Research Model
Social Systems and Behavior
Need for Organizational Behavioral Theory
What is Organizational Behavior?
Purpose of Organizational Behavior
An Overview of Organizational Behavior and its Cardinal Components
Basic Models of Organizational Behaviors
Pragmatic Suggestions for Amelioration
Future Direction
Works Cited Page
Appendix
Figures
From the Paper
"Individuals working towards a common goal for personal as well as combined benefits form institutions popularly called ?organizations? or ?associations?. These firms or companies formulating and providing a challenging and a learning working environment, also consist of moral, social as well as professional values, rules and regulations that all the employees at all levels have to abide by. This is essential for an efficient organization to remain profitable on long-term basis. For the same matter, an individual working for an organization must have the ethical and social values similar to that of the organizations in order to generate the desired result. Because if their values are incompatible, neither the organization nor the individuals working for it can benefit, paving way for the ethical issues to emerge and providing leeway for affected productivity to dominate the working set-up (Drucker: 65)."
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