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Hizbollah Terrorist Group, 2006.
This paper discusses the Hizbollah terrorist group and its strategies and attacks.
2,210 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the threat posed by Hizbollah and the methods in which it operates. The writer discusses the group's ideology and that of the region which allows it to operate with such impunity. It examines first the motivation and goals of Hizbollah. The writer then discusses the tactics and strategies of the organization, including previous terrorist attacks. Finally, the writer concludes by looking at governmental reaction and ways of addressing this threat to national as well as regional and world security.
Contents:
History and Motivation of the Organization
Tactics and Techniques of Terrorism
Response of the Government and Counteraction
From the Paper
"Hizbollah has traditionally selected victims based on their affiliation or association with Israel; the perceived imperialism of the west, specifically the United States, has been a major factor in this selection as well. Support for Israel or for western civilization has been interpreted by Hizbollah as a threat to its own government and existence; the group uses propaganda methods such as operating its own television station espousing its form of politics and the evils of Israel and the west. This propaganda includes "propaganda videos set to jihadist songs, which make up about 25 percent of Al-Manar's programming day," as well as programming whose primary purpose is to "venerate suicide bombers as martyrs; call for the obliteration of Israel and the death of the United States; exhort Palestinians to violently overthrow their racist "oppressors"; and portray Israelis as baby-slaughtering terrorists."
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Religion and Middle Eastern Terrorism, 2006.
This paper discusses terrorism in the Middle East and looks at different religious terrorist groups.
834 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the Middle East is plagued with terrorist organizations and that religious terrorist groups succumb to strong fanatical beliefs that Jews and Western allies are satanic and must be abolished at all costs. The writer points out that this has forced peaceful nations to prepare for terrorist attacks from such groups such as al-Qaeda, Hizbollah, Hamas and the Islamic Jihad. The writer maintains that when examining the religion of Islam there are numerous similarities with western Christian beliefs; however, these terrorist groups have twisted the religion from peace to hatred. It is important for Western nations to understand these viewpoints to help establish public policy and military strategies. There is no doubt that the West is at war with various terrorist groups. Therefore it is critical to understand these groups and how they function. This paper examines religious terrorist groups such as Hamas, Hizbollah, al-Qaeda, and the Islamic Jihad. It discusses the hatred these groups have towards Israel and the West.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Two views of Islam and terrorism
The Iranian Revolution and Hizbollah's metamorphosis
The Islamic Jihad
Hamas
The rise of Osama Bin Ladin
Declaring war on the United States
Summary
From the Paper
"Osama Bin Ladin was a popular soldier in Afghanistan when at war with the Soviet Union. The Soviet retreat was a sign of God's power over Satan, and if God could bring down the Soviet Union through the work of the mujahadeen, other evil nations were doomed to destruction. After war with the Soviets, both Israel and the United States became prime targets for Osama Bin Ladin who is very popular with numerous Sunnis. This is ironic considering the United States CIA probably provided a great deal of resources to the armies fighting the Soviets such as the mujahadeen under Osama Bin Ladin. When the United States posted military personnel in Saudi Arabia, Osama Bin Ladin decided to attack."
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Terrorists or Freedom Fighters - A Decision of Perception. Terrorists or Freedom Fighters?, 2002.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 8 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This is a question of perspective and of side. Depending upon the side you find yourself upon, your ideology, and your religion, determining who is fighting for the greater good and who is simply a terrorist is an impossibility of perception. Culturally, there is a great deal of support for freedom fighters. They are associated with the development of anti-oppression movements that we most closely associate with the American Revolution. To the British, the Boston Massacre was the suppression of terrorists, to the Americans, it was the massacre of innocents seeking nothing more than personal and communal freedom. This is how the world perceives Afghanis, members of Al Qaeda, and the combatants in Chechnya - as either terrorists or freedom fighters. It is the purpose of this paper to examine differences in perspectives on terrorism and how each group is perceived.
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Criminals Vs Terrorists, 2006.
A comparison between individual criminals and group terrorists.
966 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
The paper compares the characteristics of terrorists with individual criminals by examining various profiles of terrorists that have been introduced by scholars throughout the years. The paper studies group reinforcement in order to show how terrorists justify their acts. The paper concludes that although there is no clear way to profile a terrorist, terrorists crimes differ from conventional criminal behavior in that they are more goal specific with an ultimate cause to support.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Terrorists and Ordinary Criminals
Group Reinforcement and the Justification of Terrorism
Terrorist Profiles
Warrior Dreams
Summary
From the Paper
"Both criminals and terrorists commit crimes; however, there are differences between the two groups. Criminals are more impulsive, committing crimes for certain gains, whereas, terrorists feel they exist for a certain cause that justifies violence. Their crimes are planned out to attack the status quo, which does not fit their belief system. Groups of terrorists influence individuals to believe in a specific cause. These groups are separated from mainstream society. It is difficult to label individual terrorists and groups with certain characteristics because there are so many differences, as well, the concepts of terrorist behavior has changed."
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The Psychopathology of the Terrorist Mind, 2004.
An exploration of the mentality behind terrorists and acts of terrorism.
2,750 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper examines different theories of how terrorists and the terrorist mind set are made. It discusses Dr. Jerrold M. Post?s theory that terrorist behavior is a product of psychotic forces and Dr. Eric Shaw?s argument that terrorists follow a ?personal pathway model? on the road to becoming terrorists. The case of John Walker-Lindh is also discussed by analyzing his odyssey from mixed-up teenager to American Taliban.
Outline
The Psychopathology of the Terrorist Mind
Dr. Eric Shaw?s "The Personal Pathway Model"
Quickly Contrasting and Comparing the Two Theories
John Walker-Lindh the "American Taliban"
From the Paper
"Dr. Post notes that there is a striking consistency considering the diversity of causes that terrorists are attracted to. Whether it be the old Red Guard Faction in Germany during the 70?s, the communists terrorists in the Philippines or today?s incarnations of Islamic jihads in the Middle East they share the aforementioned worldview of an us versus them mindset. This worldview is without nuance, without shades of gray. For the terrorist ?they," the establishment, are the source of all evil and are thus the source of all of their problems. With this view then, people outside the cause, all potential targets, become less human, more easily dismissed as expendable in order to achieve their ends."
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Terrorist Organizations and the Media, 2004.
An overview of the terrorist organizations Revolutionary Organization 17 November, Abu Nidal, Hezbollah, and Al-Qaida, and their use of the media to further their causes.
5,823 words (approx. 23.3 pages), 21 sources, MLA, £ 98.95
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Abstract
This research paper about terrorist organizations and the media, discusses four separate terrorist organizations in relation to their causes and the way they make use of the services of the media. The four organizations are: Revolutionary Organization 17 November, Abu Nidal, Hezbollah, and Al-Qaida. It also examines how these terror groups are linked and how the world governments, in particular, the U.S. government, are actively fighting terrorists to achieve peace for the world.
Outline
Terrorism-Then and Now
Greek Terrorist Organization: Revolutionary Organization 17 November
Armed Propaganda
International Terrorist Organization: Abu Nidal Organization
Lebanese Terrorist Organization: Hezbollah
Hate Speech on the Internet
Multinational Terrorist Organization: Al-Qaida
The Media, Government and Terror Organizations
From the Paper
"Working in cooperation with November 17, the Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) a.k.a. Fatah Revolutionary Council, Arab Revolutionary Council, Arab Revolutionary Brigades, Black September, and Revolutionary Organization of Socialist Muslims, is an international terrorist organization founded by late Sabri al-Banna (a.k.a. Abu Nidal). Abu Nidal carried out terrorist attacks in twenty countries, killing or injuring approximately nine hundred persons (Abu Nidal, 2003). ANO is said to have committed ninety actions of violence, including a failed assassination attempt on Yaser Arafat (Abu Nidal, 2000). The targets of ANO include the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Israel, moderate Palestinians, the PLO, and various Arab countries. The group maintains its presence in Iraq currently. It has an operational presence in Lebanon too."
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Terrorist Regime, 2003.
A look at the history of terrorism, the rules and principals that can be found in any terrorist organization and the international organization of terrorist groups.
2,534 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the term terrorist regime dates from the Reign of Terror (1793-94) in the French Revolution and how it has taken on additional meaning in the 20th century. It looks at how terrorism involves activities such as assassinations, bombings, random killings, and hijackings. Used for political, not military, purposes, and most typically by groups too weak to mount open assaults, it is a modern tool of the alienated, and its psychological impact on the public has increased because of extensive coverage by the media. The paper also provides a philosophical look at the rules and principals that can be found in any terrorist organization with a focus on specific groups.
Outline:
History
Rules and Principles
International Organization
From the Paper
"The first treaty signed and ratified by states that had to do with terrorism was in 1963 at the Convention on Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft. This treaty applies to "acts affecting in-flight safety; authorizes the aircraft commander to impose reasonable measures, including restraint, on any person he or she has reason to believe has committed or is about to commit such an act, when necessary to protect the safety of the aircraft; [and] requires contracting states to take custody of offenders and to return control of the aircraft to the lawful commander." Other conventions that combated terrorism in some way or another followed, which included: the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, signed at the Hague on 16 December 1970. "
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The Psychological Aspect of Terrorism and Terrorists, 2002.
This paper discusses why people become terrorists and use terrorism.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
A discussion of what drives a person to become a terrorist. This paper examines why certain people become terrorists and why they perform the actions they do. It seeks to see if certain types of people are more susceptible to becoming terrorists and whether there is a fixed profile of a terrorist. The author concludes saying that different terrorist organizations act in different ways, and a generalization would not only be inaccurate but it could be detrimental to counter terrorism agencies. Further research into the study of terrorists and terrorism is called for.
From the Paper
"Throughout time, different factions have relied on the use of terror to help impart their views and bring about a change in the status quo that suits their needs. Terrorists use different forms of terrorism that range from the kidnapping of dignitaries, to the mass murders of thousands of civilians. The terrorists who plan out these acts due so in a variety of ways, by having a few people go into an embassy and kidnap the dignitaries there, from hijacking an airplane and flying it on a suicide mission into a building. The psychological aspect of terrorism needs to be examined to see what psychological things they share in common, if any, and what motivates and drives them in these terrorist pursuits."
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?Ultimate Terrorists?, 2004.
A review of the book, ?The Ultimate Terrorists?, by Jessica Stern
1,023 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 0 sources, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the book, "The Ultimate Terrorists", by Jessica Stern, former National Security Council staffer, which explains with chilling lucidity why it is becoming more likely that terrorist threats will materialize into a major terrorist incident featuring a weapon of mass destruction (WMD). It looks at how, after September 11, 2001, the book has taken on a deeper meaning since it was written in 1999, when America held onto the idea that terrorist activity was something that took place on foreign shores. It discusses how Stern?s book details in advance many of the factors in play which created the 9/11 tragedy and how terrorists have shifted their perspective from activity that gains power for their political or religious party to choosing targets just for the purpose of making a statement.
From the Paper
"The book's strongest chapter concerns the threat of loose Russian materials (the area that was Stern's specialty at the NSC). Stern's knowledge of security in Russia gives these sections a punch that many who report on this issue have lacked up until now. Stern was portrayed by Nichol Kidman in the movie Peacemakers which was built on this theme. The turning point of the movie is a discussion between a military Russian specialist, who knew the military character who would steal a dozen nuclear warheads and Kidman?s character who is a specialist on fringe terrorist groups. Kidman?s character, after getting a lecture on how predictable a military terrorist would be, says ?I?m not afraid of a man who wants 10 nuclear weapons; I am terrified of the man who wants only one."
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Terrorist Threats Facing Israel, 2003.
A profile of Israel's counter-terrorist strategy.
7,596 words (approx. 30.4 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 117.95
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Abstract
This paper considers the terrorist threats faced by Israel, mostly in the period since the Six Day War, and assesses Israeli counter-terrorist efforts. It covers Israel's evolving counter-terrorist strategy and considers its effectiveness given the changing terrorist landscape in the area. It concludes with recommendations for future Israeli counter-terrorist policies.
From the Paper
"Throughout its short, 55-year history, the State of Israel has existed in a constant state of emergency stemming from the unwavering military and terrorist threats posed by opposition groups inside and outside the nation?s borders. Nearly a century of political violence ? propagated in the region by neighboring states, foreign terrorist organizations, and internal dissidents since even before Israel?s founding in 1948 ? has profoundly shaped the history, politics, and culture of Israel and, to a large extent, the world?s Jewish population. Israel was formed in the midst of a decades-old conflict in the Middle East, and despite several large strides towards a peaceful existence in the time since, she still finds herself enmeshed in a bloody battle for survival and tranquility with many of her familiar foes."
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International Terrorist Groups, 2006.
This paper studies international terrorist groups focusing on the rise and fall of the left and right.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that social and political frustrations brought left-wing terrorists to the forefront of Europe after World War II. However, the writer notes that the political landscape basically made it more feasible for left-wing groups to join the democratic process rather than fight it. However, various right-wing groups evolved with their own agendas such as ethnic purification mirroring Hitler's philosophies. The writer discusses that unlike most of the left-wing groups, these radical right-wing terrorist groups still exist today throughout the world. The writer notes that there are many similarities between left-wing and right-wing terrorist organizations. This paper examines left-wing terrorism in Europe, the Japanese Red Army and neo-fascism groups that have existed to various degrees. Various trends and typologies are discussed noting the demise of most of these terrorist groups.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Left-Wing Terrorism in Europe
The Red Army Faction
The Demise of Other West European Terrorist Movements
The Japanese Red Army
Neo-Fascism Rejuvenates
Summary
From the Paper
" Hundreds of terrorist groups have been noted in Europe and throughout the world. There are common tactics that are adopted by these groups who mirror previous terrorist groups through various international training regimes. There is however, no terrorist conspiracy operating globally. Instead, these pockets of terrorist groups eventually dissolve as local authorities crack down as these groups lose public support. A trend of left-wing groups disappearing more than right-wing groups appears to be the norm as political pluralism removes the causes of the left-wing groups."
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Terrorist Assassinations, 2002.
An exploration of the advantages of assassinating terrorists rather than the use of military force in seeking justice.
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper is an examination of the topic of terrorist assassinations and the advantages of assassinating terrorists rather than using military force to seek them out and bring them to justice. The writer presents the need to use assassinations as a measure for counter terrorism only and not as a preventative method. It gives a history of the use of terrorist assassinations, offering an exploration of state sanctioned assassinations. The paper analyzes support in the US for this policy and concludes that there is a place in US policy for counter terrorist assassinations in light of the new era of terrorism.
From the Paper
"The world watched in hopeless horror when the WTC came down on 9-11-2001. When it was over thousands of innocent civilians were dead, billions of dollars in property damage was done, the Pentagon had been hit, and the nation?s confidence had been shaken to the core. The terrorist attack on America triggered a worldwide hunt for the perpetrators and other terrorists who may threaten the nation in the future."
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"Terrorist Threats to America's Medicine Supply", 2003.
A review of the article, "An Analysis of Terrorist Threats to America's Medicine Supply", by GlobalOptions Inc.
1,314 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, although terrorist attacks that employ chemical or biological weapons have long been a concern of government authorities and terrorism experts, the threat of an attack on the nation?s medicine supply system has only recently received attention. It looks at how, according to GlobalOptions, a terrorist attack against America's medicine supply is an increasing threat to the United States and demands immediate attention. It examines how "An Analysis of Terrorist Threats to America's Medicine Supply", points out that, while the United States currently has the safest supply of medicines in the world, terrorists present a threat that cannot be ignored.
From the Paper
"The two key entry points for entry of drugs into the United States are Canada and Mexico, with each country having its specific vulnerabilities. According to the authors, a terrorist attack could originate in Canada because of the large number of terrorist groups already operating in the country, inadequate borer security along the world?s longest border, as well as a history of pharmaceutical smuggling by terrorists. ?Canada?s refugee and immigration laws are among the most generous in the world, providing an open door to terrorists to operate in the country? (2003:6). As noted above, terrorists have already smuggled pharmaceuticals from Canada into the U.S. and they could mount an attack using similar distribution methods."
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Negotiating with Terrorists, 2007.
The paper discusses whether it is possible to negotiate or reason with terrorists.
1,331 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the issue of negotiation with terrorists and how this can affect America's policy regarding the war on terror. The paper examines the issue and shows how diplomacy can do little to protect the nation from future attacks on the scale of September 11th. The paper discusses how this realization dictates that America must communicate with terrorists in the only language they understand; violence. The paper points out that terrorist negotiation can only happen when the terrorists themselves have transformed to a more stable and rational state of mind.
From the Paper
"President Bush's position on negotiating with terrorism is quite clear. "No nation can negotiate with terrorists. For there is no way to make peace with those whose only goal is death" (qtd. "Negotiating with Terrorists"). Despite the stumbling blocks that have been encountered in America's war on terror, this sentiment is still true. Negotiation must be based on rational conversation. All parties involved must be committed to finding a solution that provides a best-case scenario, not just for themselves, but for all involved. Radical zealots about a cause that refuse to even consider the other sides of an issue cannot be a participatory part of rational negotiations. They have based their entire campaign for the promotion of their cause on inflicting violence and terror on innocent citizens, most often it is only through force that they understand the consequences of their actions."
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