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HIV Risk Prevention, 2002.
This paper is a dissertation proposal to explore HIV risk prevention by educating minority adolescents.
3,200 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 49 sources, APA, £ 65.95
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Abstract
This study asks if an interactive school-based HIV/AIDS prevention/education program for multi-ethnic urban seventh and eighth graders can increase their knowledge about HIV/AIDS, promote positive attitudes towards people with AIDS and encourage the desire for changes in the high risk behavior. The paper states that this research is based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), introduced by Fishbein in 1967 and suggests that a person?s attitude toward any object is a function of his or her belief about the object and the evaluative aspects of those beliefs. The author proposes that an HIV educational program intervention will be used with a design consisting of a pre-test and post-test evaluation of an educational intervention on HIV/AIDS prevention to seventh and eighth grade students.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Conceptual Framework
Framework
Research Question/Hypothesis
Methodology
Research Design
Research Sample
Independent Variable
Research Results
Implications for Family/
Community Health Nurse Practitioners
Implications for Target Population/Community
Summary
Appendix
From the Paper
"In the United States, HIV/STD infections are prevalent among the African Americans, and the Latinas in urban and rural areas especially in districts where the unemployment rate is high and impoverished families cannot send their children to school. Out-of-school youth ages 12-19 are most stricken and while efforts are being heightened and the federal government and other funding organizations are helping, HIV/STD cases still exist and programs don?t seem to work out at all."
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HIV Prevention, 2005.
Presents background information on HIV and AIDS and preventative measures that can be taken to reduce the spread of HIV.
3,116 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper presents statistics on the number of people in the world with HIV, where most of those people reside, and who is susceptible to contracting the disease. The paper also explains the difference between HIV and AIDS, how HIV is contracted, and the best methods of preventing the transmission of HIV.
From the Paper
"It is a myth that only homosexual men and promiscuous women are susceptible to contracting HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This very serious disease does not discriminate. In fact, HIV can be contracted by anyone. Because it can happen to anyone, HIV should be understood by everyone. Everyone can do something to help stop the spread of HIV."
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Condom Use for HIV Prevention in Females, 2004.
Study on women's readiness to use condoms and the need to promote the use of condoms to help prevent HIV infection in females.
1,801 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This research study investigates single, urban women?s readiness to use condoms and the perceived pros and cons for condom use. The paper also stresses the importance of nursing interventions for HIV prevention and suggests that interventions should focus on women who are in denial or uninterested in condom use to help them accurately assess their risk and consider behavioral changes. The paper also describes interventions that can easily be integrated into routine patient visits. Furthermore, this study attempts to evaluate the effect of childbearing motivation and contraceptive attitudes on consistency of condom use among at-risk women enrolled in an HIV prevention intervention program.
From the Paper
"Single, heterosexual young adult women represent a group increasingly at risk for HIV infection. Condom use remains an important risk reduction behavior. Focusing HIV prevention interventions to only those women ready to use condoms (preparation or action stage) limits the number of women able to be reached. Morrison-Beely and Lewis (2001) suggested that for sexually active single women to use condoms, they need to be moved from precontemplation to contemplation before they will be ready to respond to HIV prevention messages and interventions about condom use. Further, they state that ?Strategies and interventions for condom use in HIV risk reduction should consider not only a woman?s readiness to change, but also the interpersonal and relationship issues linked to a couple?s sexual partnership? (p. 155)."
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HIV Prevention, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to test the effectiveness of two programs to prevent transmission of HIV to adolescent populations.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, £ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the purpose of this study is to assess interventions to decrease adolescent risky sexual behaviors and to increase HIV prevention practices.The author points out that HIV transmission among the adolescent population is much too high and adds to the incidence of AIDS among adults and to the costs of that disease to society. The paper relates that the two methods to be tested, which are part of different types of educational program on HIV and prevention, are abstinence and methods for safe sex.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this study is to assess interventions to decrease adolescent risky sexual behaviors and to increase HIV prevention practices. Two research questions are to be examined. The first is, how effective are these interventions (abstinence, safer sex) over time in reducing risk behaviors associated with HIV transmission for this population group. The second is, what are the effects on education on preventing risk behaviors associated with HIV transmission in the adolescent population. Several different programs have been developed as interventions to prevent teenagers from taking risky behavior. Such programs are often educational in nature, trying to impart information and so gain acceptance of safe sex or abstinence, which are also suggested by the lessons. Certainly, preventing HIV transmission among adolescents affects the educational experience by keeping these young people in school and by avoiding the sort of difficulties faced by them and their classmates when HIV becomes a more common disease."
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HIV Prevention, 2005.
An argument in favor of needle exchange programs to prevent the spread of HIV.
2,300 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper argues in favor of public policy to implement needle exchange programs in order to reduce the risk of transmission of HIV and AIDS. The paper also presents opposing views. The paper concludes with an examination of why the U.S. is one of few nations to oppose support for needle exchange programs.
From the Paper
"In the face of America's long held belief that prohibition is the only way to combat drug use in this country, there is an additional fear that is involved in being a junkie. This fear being the contraction of HIV...."
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HIV Preventive Behaviors, 2004.
Critiques a paper about measures women can take to protect themselves from HIV once they reenter the sexual arena after long-term monogamous relationships.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper critiques a 2001 report entitled "Negotiation of HIV Preventive Behaviors in Divorced and Separated Women Reentering the Sexual Arena." The paper examines the justification of the methodology used in the report and the method used for recruiting subjects for the study. The paper contends that the conclusions drawn in the report may not be reliable.
From the Paper
"The phenomenon being studied in the report "Negotiation of HIV Preventive Behaviors in Divorced and Separated Women Reentering the Sexual Arena" was clearly stated and delineated by the author. The author wanted to look at how women who had been in long-term monogamous relationships which had ended in separation or divorce, handled discussing preventive measures against HIV and STDs with men once they resumed sexual activity after the breakup of their monogamous relationship."
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HIV/AIDS, 2007.
A proposal for a project on HIV/AIDS prevention among adolescents, focusing on the Healthy People 2010 Act.
1,033 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper examines a project proposal which focuses on HIV/AIDS prevention among adolescents. The paper discusses how concern for this issue has been mounting because of the high number of HIV infection, particularly among individuals aged 25 years or younger. The paper examines how most of these HIV infections are transmitted through unsafe and irresponsible sexual behavior for this particular age group. The writer proposes that it is of utmost importance to prevent the escalation of HIV/AIDS infection among adolescents through an efficient information management program, achieved via an intensive and interactive sexual education program.
Outline:
I. Statement of the Problem
II. Review of Related Literature
III. Project Objectives
IV. Content Outline & Implementation
V. Significance of the Project
VI. Why This Project Is Innovative
VII.Evaluation Methods
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The establishment of specific demographics of the educational program plan is just the primary step towards its development. In order to make the program an effective one, project planning should also involve methods in which active participation will be elicited as the program progresses to its focal point--informing the participants about responsible sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS infection among adolescents. In addition to addressing HIV/AIDS infection, it is also worthwhile to note that inextricably linked with this health concern is the prevalence of substance abuse and "suicidal ideation" among adolescents who practice irresponsible sexual behavior (Kurtz, 2005:S44)."
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HIV/AIDS in America, 2002.
An investigative study on American HIV prevention in an era of false security.
9,314 words (approx. 37.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 136.95
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Abstract
AIDS awareness is best-funded and best-taught in the United States of America. This realization is especially apparent when HIV rates are examined in African countries and some Asian countries such as India. Education levels about sexually transmitted diseases in general ? and funding for prevention and treatment programs ? are very low in many foreign countries. However, recently, for the first time in several years, the incidence of HIV infections has grown in America. Many doctors and health promotion professionals attribute this recent growth to a lifestyle shift in which Americans have grown lax in their concern about AIDS. This paper examines the changes that need to be made, and their relative effects and side effects, from a health promotion perspective to increase awareness of AIDS and HIV in an era when people are once again lowering their guard against the disease. Also, this paper makes recommendations that will contribute to fundamental health promotion ideals in reducing the incidents of the AIDS virus in America. The recommendations are made in the Data Analysis Chapter, and then summarized and listed in the Summary Chapter as well.
Table Of Contents
Chapter 1, Introduction
State The Problem
Importance of the Study
Scope of the Study
Rationale of the Study
Definition of Terms
Overview of the Study
Chapter 2, Methodology
Identify the Data Gathering Method
Database of Study
Comment on Validity of Data
Comment on Originality and Limitation of Data
Summary of Methodology
Chapter 3, Review of Related Literature
Chapter 4, Data Analysis
Chapter 5, Summary, Conclusions And Recommendations
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Of equal concern to this paper?s research will be the fact that so many Americans have HIV but do not know it. These Americans are arguably the most dangerous for the spread of the disease, as they may continue to pursue certain lifestyles that will increase the numbers of HIV patients in America. For instance, as CNN reports, ?According to the CDC, some 900,000 Americans are infected with HIV, and one-third of them -- almost 300,000 -- don't even know it.? And truly, that is where HIV is most dangerous. The symptoms are often negligible (fatigue, fever, sore throat) and attributable to a common cold or other ailment, so HIV positive patients continue to lead there lives in such a manner that they spread the disease because they simply do not know they have it until they develop full-blown AIDS."
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AIDS Prevention in Racial Minorities, 2002.
The rising infection of minorities within the United States, and preventive measures that must be implemented.
1,360 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
A discussion of the shift in HIV demographics from the gay population to the racial minorities, and an explanation of the factors influencing this shift, including poverty, racism, gender inequalities, inadequate health care and education and misperceptions about AIDS. Also, a discussion of the preventive measures and programs that are needed to curb this epidemic.
From the Paper
"Although the spread of HIV seems to be relentless worldwide, and the virus that causes AIDS now affects men, women and children of every age and ethnic group, concern has been expressed that in this country, certain groups may not be receiving adequate health care due to cultural barriers. Now, rapid increases in HIV infection are showing up among minorities, specifically in the African American and the Hispanic communities. Nearly 55 percent of people recently diagnosed with AIDS are African American, and 30 percent are Hispanic. The response to this shift in HIV demographics requires strong involvement and leadership from all segments of the communities infected, including churches, community organizations, schools, health departments, government and private organizations. Numerous agencies are actively trying to curb the spread of HIV among minorities, and given the lack of monetary resources among ethnic groups, their programs remain the most important methods of prevention among communities of color in the United States and must continue to promote prevention, research and, most importantly, education."
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Rise of AIDS in Africa, 2005.
A look at current HIV/AIDS prevention programs in South Africa and provides an analysis regarding why they are not working quickly enough.
3,684 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the effectiveness of current HIV/AIDS prevention programs currently implemented in Africa. It asks the questions about the type of prevention programs are being implemented, which types are the most effective, and what is lacking within these programs, since they are failing to stop the AIDS epidemic in Africa. In addition, this paper briefly describes economic effects of the AIDS epidemic. Causes of the rise of AIDS are provided in the introduction.
From the Paper
"Fifteen years ago, there were some regions of the world that remained untouched by AIDS. Now, however, there is not a single country around the world that has escaped the AIDS epidemic (Christensen, 2000). Some of the developed nations hit by the epidemic in the 1980's have slowed the rate of new infections and lowered mortality rates (Christensen, 2000). Although many countries are changing the devestation of AIDS, no region of the world has a higher AIDS-related burden than sub-Saharan Africa. The statistics are shocking. Sixty seven percent of the 33 million people living with AIDS in 1998 were residents of one of the 34 countries of sub-Saharan Africa (Hunter, 2003 p. 29). Of all AIDS deaths since the epidemic started, eighty three percent have occurred in sub-Saharan Africa (Hunter, 2003 p. 8). In sub-Saharan nations, 1 out of 4 adults is HIV positive (Hunter, 2003 p. 11). Among children under age 15 living with HIV/AIDS, 90% live in sub-Saharan Africa (Christensen, 2000). Africans infected with HIV die much sooner after diagnosis than HIV-infected people in other parts of the world (Hunter, 2003 p. 207). Survival time after diagnosis of AIDS ranged from nine to twenty-six months (Hunter, 2003 p. 62). In Africa, the survival time of patients with AIDS ranged from five to nine months (Hunter, 2003 p. 78). The reasons that people who are infected are dieing so quickly is because of the lack of effective prevention programs, lack of government involvement, and a lack of healthcare (Meyer-Weitz and Steyn, 1992, Lejeune, 1993, Christensen, 2000, Martz, 2001, and Sewpaul, 2001). This paper examines the reasons for the spread of AIDS. It also analyzes the effectiveness of current prevention programs implemented in Africa to stop the rise of AIDS. In addition, this paper briefly touches on the economic effects of AIDS. The AIDS problem has the ability to crush the nation's work force and economy."
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AIDS Prevention Measures, 2002.
This paper discusses methods by which to educate society about the threat of AIDS.
1,545 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 7 sources, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This essay analyzes possible solutions to the AIDS malady. The author stresses the importance of massive education programs, spreading information about the fatal virus and means of prevention.
From the paper:
"Imagine a disease that shreds apart the human immune system leaving the body susceptible to a multitude of deadly infections and certain types of cancer. What would normally be harmless viruses, fungi, and bacteria can cause severe illness. This malady, unfortunately, does exist, and it has affects nearly one million Americans each year. AIDS is a cruel and harsh sentence of a slow, gruesome, and inevitable death over the course of many years. The disease, scientifically known as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, originated in Africa and spread to the United States in 1981. Today, scientists have discovered that the AIDS disease originates from the HIV virus, which can be passed through sexual contact or blood exchange."
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HIV/AIDS Mitigation, 2008.
This paper examines good governance in the prevention and mitigation of HIV/AIDS, specifically as evidenced in the HIV/AIDS program of Zamboanga City, a highly-urbanized city in the Philippines.
6,910 words (approx. 27.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 110.95
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Abstract
This paper stresses that stopping the spread of HIV/AIDS has to be made integral to any development endeavor aimed at improving the lives and well-being of citizens of the world. The author points out that the United Nations acknowledges that good governance has to be integrated into the creation and management of institutions, processes and programs aimed at beating the targets set forth in the "Millennium Declaration of 2000". The paper reviews and analyzes the present and future scenario of HIV/AIDS prevention and mitigation in the Philippines and identifies some elements of intervention needed to operationalize a strategy for good governance. The author underscores that the HIV/AIDS program of Zamboanga city is built around improved capacities for public administration and civil service, decentralization in delivery of services, transparency and accountability, expanded role of civil-society, and the centrality of participation grounded on the rule of law and human rights.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Conceptual Framework
Related Literature
Pro-Poor Policy Framework
Public Administration and Civil Services
Decentralization and Delivery of Services
Accountability and Transparency Situations and Context of HIV/AIDS in the Philippines
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
Socio-Economic Impact of HIV Aids
Participatory Approach
Cultural and Moral Dimensions
Grounding Development
Mobilizing the Cultural Resources
Key Lessons in Good Governance from the United Nations
Case in Point: Zamboanga City HIV/AIDS Program
Public-Civil Society Partnership
Organization and Management
Community-Oriented/ Community Based
Innovative Optimized Use of Infrastructure Support
Livelihood Assistance
Financial Resources
Lessons from HIV/Program Implementation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to the United Nations, a critical requisite for achieving the MDG's is a conducive and coherent policy framework. This involves first, the contextualization of the goals by each country, and down to identifying sectoral concerns and on to effective local responses. Responses and interventions to HIVAIDS entails a national policy framework that provides for effective decentralization of action and one that effectively coordinate implementation and resource mobilization as well as achieve a critical mass of support from the public in a much cost effective way. The policy framework to be pro-poor means, that it recognizes the social and economic implications of HIV/AIDS and seeks to integrate social and economic interventions to mitigate the spread of the infection and disease."
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HIV, 2006.
A comprehensive overview of the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prevention methods for HIV.
1,968 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
HIV disease is viewed as a continuing progressive damage to the immune system from the period of infection to that of the manifestation of severe immunologic damages by means of neoplasms, opportunistic infections, wasting, or further by means of low CD4 lymphocyte count that indicate AIDS. This paper provides various facts and statistics concerning the disease as well as its definition, diagnosis and treatment.
Outline
Description of the Disease
Facts/Statistics on the Number of HIV Cases Based On Race -- Whites, Black, Hispanic/Latino, & Other
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Prevention Methods and Related Facts
From the Paper
"The prognosis of HIV/AIDS normally indicates the possible consequences of HIV/AIDS. The prognosis of HIV/AIDS may involve the facts with regard to the duration of HIV/AIDS, possibilities of complications of HIV/AIDS, possible results, and potentialities for recovery, recovery duration for HIV/AIDS, survival rates, death rates, and other resulting probabilities in the total prognosis of HIV/AIDS. The prognosis for individuals with AIDS in the present years has improved considerably during the last few years with the development of new drugs and treatments, and educational and preventive activities. The average life years lost from HIV/AIDS have been estimated to be about 35.7 years and this is about 37.9 in North Carolina. There are about 15245 deaths in the year 2000 and the deaths reported in USA during 1999 are about 14802. (Prognosis of HIV/AIDS)"
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HIV-AIDS and Africa, 2005.
An analysis of HIV/AIDS in Africa and treatment and prevention strategies that are under development.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, £ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses HIV/AIDS both in general terms and in relation to the dynamic HIV/AIDS has created across the African continent. The paper examines, in depth, the cause, symptoms, treatment, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. It gives emphasis to testing, treatment, and prevention strategies currently employed and under development; primarily adjusting antiretroviral treatment strategies. Finally, it briefly examines how HIV/AIDS has changed and is changing the demographic structure across Africa and some reasons why HIV/AIDS is so prevalent in that region.
From the Paper
"AIDS/HIV and Africa HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS Overview HIV or human immunodeficiency virus is a virus in a group of viruses called retroviruses and destroys cells in the body called CD4 T-cells. CD4 T-cells are a type of a white blood cell or a lymphocyte which are part of the body's immune system. These cells are vital to protect the body against various bacteria, viruses and other forms of infecting agents (Freiberg). AIDS or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a term which covers the range of infections and illnesses resulting from a weakened auto immune system caused by HIV. This distinction is important; one can be HIV positive and not to be suffering from AIDS (Freiberg). Most often there exists a lengthy period of time, usually several years, from first being infected with HIV, and the development of infections and other AIDS related issues."
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