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Historical View of Australia, 2006.
This paper discusses the history of Australia in order to understand the country's economic, strategic and political stance of the twentieth century.
2,363 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper elucidates on the history of Australia highlighting the challenges and how the country was able to curb them in a successful manner. Australia's relations with the United States during the twentieth century, the Australian monetary system, the Commonwealth Bank and the problem of Australian national debt are looked into for a better understanding of the economic, strategic and political stance in the twentieth century. The success of the Australian Commonwealth bank is analyzed as being the prime success of the Australian economy, while the problem of national debt is looked at as a major crisis occurring in the otherwise glorious century in Australian history. Following is a comprehensive analysis that acquaints the reader with the weaknesses and strengths of Australia.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Historical Background
Australia and United States Relationship in the Twentieth Century
The Commonwealth Bank and Australian Monetary System
Central Bank 1920-60
Downside of Australia: Constitutional Crisis of 1975 and Problem of National Debt:
Role of USA in Resolving the Crisis:
Issue of National Debt
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The new federation quickly moved towards the institutionalization of its economic and socio-political and industrial revampment for the perusal of prosperity. What followed was governance that gained popularity for its liberal legislation.
Australia immediately instituted high protective tariffs in order to restrain competition to Australian infant industry. This gave a major head start to the Australian industrial development, a form of supplementation for the infant industry to develop without facing any unhealthy competitions until its ready for the world market. In the next two decades many important enactments were ratified. Most notably, Pacific Island Laborer's Act 1901, Immigration restriction Act 1901, Commonwealth Franchise Act 1902, Judiciary Act 1903, Conciliation and Arbitration Act 1904, Supreme Court Ordinance no. 9 of 1911, Commonwealth Electoral Act 1924 and Belfour Declaration 1926. In fact, the two decades of legal formulation serve as a milestone of Australian development as an industry, society, government and economy. The Laborer's Act of 1901 was enacted to deport a vast majority of the Pacific Islanders by December 1907."
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Historical Preservation, 2008.
Examines historical preservation as a major land use program and development rights transfers as an historic preservation technique.
3,220 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that historic preservation, a major form of land use in some areas of the country, is a concerted and detailed effort of federal, state and local government. The paper then reviews the development of laws and various court decisions, which govern historic preservation. The paper relates that laws permitting the transferring of development rights are designed to clarify certain zoning laws and to ensure that certain lands and structures can be protected.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The National Historic Preservation Act
Historic Preservation" as a Major Land Use Program
Historic Landmark Protection
Constitutionality of Historic Preservation
Transfer of Development Rights
Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper
"In addition to the regulations that govern the preservation of historic sites, there also exist protections for historic landmarks. According to the National Park Service Historic landmarks are sites of historic significance that are designated by the Secretary of the Interior because they contain extraordinary worth in demonstrating the heritage of the United States. There are currently less than 2,500 historic sited that have the national distinction of Historic Landmark. In collaborations with citizens around America, the National Historic Landmarks Program utilizes the knowledge of National Park Service staff responsible for nominating new landmarks and assists established landmarks."
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Historical Particularism vs. Functionalism, 2008.
A comparative analysis of the schools of thought of historical particularism and functionalism
1,527 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts historical particularism and functionalism. The paper first discusses how historical particularism was a school of thought which concentrated on a holistic historical approach to the study of cultures and civilizations, from the development of their language to their physical appearance. Historical particularists believed in concentrated study of a people and their languages to gain a full understanding on their culture. The paper then discusses functionalism and explains that it sought to be a corrective to the excesses of the evolutionary and diffusionist theories of the nineteenth-century and the historicism of the early twentieth century. Functionalism concentrated all of its resources into describing the material, psychological, physical, and social structures of a civilization. The paper concludes with a brief summary of the differences and similarities of the two schools of thought and notes that they are not necessarily mutually exclusive.
From the Paper
"Historical particularism and functionalism are related in the way that they both concentrate on details and pre-existing conditions. These methods were demonstrated in the various essays by Franz Boas and A. L. Kroeber for historical particularism, and Bronislaw Malinowski and A. R. Radcliffe-Brown for functionalism. Specifically, Boas, in The Methods of Ethnology, argued against the various traditional evolutionary theories proposed by Lewis Morgan, Karl Marx, Sir Edward Tylor, and Herbert Spencer. He criticized the theory of the nineteenth-century evolutionism as non-scientific and claimed historical particularism to be free from preconceived ideas. Stating simply that these theories had a particular resilience, but lacked any sort of empirical evidence, Boas argued that the evolutionary theory was based on the counterfactual assumption that our culture was the most advanced and all others were merely following us (Boas 1920). "
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Historical Detection, 2006.
An analysis of the application of historical detection to the Salem Witch Trials.
2,350 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper studies historical detection, the use of modern technology and advanced psychological techniques to shed additional light on historical occurrences. Based on the book "After the Fact: the Art of Historical Detection" by J.W. Davidson and M.H. Lytle, the paper applies modern psychology and medicine to the examination of the witchcraft scare in the late seventeenth century in New England.
From the Paper
"Later, social historians studied the everyday activities and commerce of the villagers in the area, using records indicating land ownership and places of residence. They found that at the time, some of the inhabitants of the original Old Town Salem had moved to outlying areas and were setting up another village, incurring the animosities of their neighbors. This explanation is dramatically confirmed when a map is used showing the location of the various persons known to have been involved in the cases: the accusers, the defenders and the accused. It was revealed that those accused of being witches and those who accused them lived on opposite ends of the town. Those who defended the accused lived closest to them, and can be presumed to be friends and neighbors. A study of the politics of the region confirms further that financial interests of the villagers were affected by the efforts of some to move out of the village and begin a settlement of their own. These historians believe that this could explain the intensity of the feelings of animosity that culminated in death for some of the accused witches. In the case of the activities of Salem, a contemporary study of historical documents viewed from a perspective of modern education in the fields of medicine, socio-political dynamics and religious studies has uncovered the answer to a question that has puzzled historians for more than two centuries."
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Historical Fiction in Film: Spartacus, 2002.
A look at how this movie provides many historical untruths and inaccuracies.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This essay examines historical fiction as seen in the famous Hollywood movie Spartacus. The successes and failures of the film in accurately portraying Roman history and the struggle between Spartacus and the Roman Republic are analyzed. Through a look at real historical sources, we can see that for the most part the film is an entertaining but inaccurate retelling of this historical event and the story of Spartacus? life.
From the Paper
"The famous and award-winning film Spartacus was produced by Universal Pictures in 1960 and based on a popular historical novel of the same name by Howard Fast At over one-hundred seventy five minutes, it is a lengthy bit compelling viewing experience. The main characters are played by legendary Hollywood stars Kirk Douglas and Laurence Olivier, although a host of other renowned talents such as Charles Laughton and Tony Curtis also appear."
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Historical Fiction in Film: Quo Vadis, 2001.
Examines the background and historical accuracy of the legendary Hollywood movie "Quo Vadis".
1,046 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This essay examines historical fiction as seen in the famous Hollywoood movie Quo Vadis. The successes and failures of the film in accurately portraying Roman history and the struggle between early Christianity and Roman society are analyzed. Through a look at real historical sources, we can see that for the most part the film is an entertaining but flawed example of the retelling of a historical event and the personalities of that time. For example, the film leads viewers to believe that this period of history was the climax of the conflict between imperial Rome and early Christianity, but in fact Nero was no worse for the Christians than many other emperors before and after his reign.
From the Paper
"The characters of Marcus Vinicius and Lygia in the film are symbolic of the rift between imperial Rome and the early Christians, however, they are fictional characters and did not exist in ancient Rome. Galba was in fact the real leader who replaced Nero (he does in the film as well), but he was a seventy-year old man who only ruled for about six months before he was executed by rivals in the forum and replaced by Otho."
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Historical Travel Literature, 2005.
An analysis of both Ludivico di Varthema's and Sir Henry Blount's historical travel literature.
1,935 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper presents a critical analysis of Blount's and Varthema's travel literature, questioning why, in light of their historically questionable content, they can be considered valid historical texts.
Outline
Background
Analysis of Ludovico di Varthema's "Itinerary"
Analysis of Sir Henry Blount's "A Voyage into the Levant"
Historical Significance of Both Texts and Their Purposes
From the Paper
"Blount seeks a more academic understanding of the "Ottoman lands." Although prejudiced in the sense that it is judged and understood from the perspective of the "other," it does provide a simple framework for understanding or defining Muslims. He begins by stating this established rule: "the most important parts of all States are four: arms, religion, justice and moral customs," and explains the presence and nature of each among Muslims and in Muslims lands (Blount 177). Certainly, di Varthema does include in his descriptions accounts of the morals, law, religion and defense but, they cannot be taken as serious representation of the truth because they are so exaggerated."
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The Roles of Chinese Women in a Historical Context in the Novel "Disappearing Moon Caf?., 2002.
This paper addresses the historical context of the book Disappearing Moon Caf by the author Sky Lee. In this book, the lives of several generations of Chinese women living in Canada are torn apart by a refusal to accept the customs of their new country.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 2 sources, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the historical context of the book Disappearing Moon Cat by the author Sky Lee. In this book, the lives of several generations of Chinese women living in Canada are torn apart by a refusal to accept the customs of their new country. While this book is Lee's demonstration of how separate cultures must blend together in order for those living within them to survive, this novel also demonstrates how this concept is not a clear- cut situation. The historical setting of Disappearing Moon Cat is found in the turmoil that was found among the peoples of Canada at the turn of the Twentieth Century.
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Historical Context of Writings, 2002.
A look at some writings in their historical contexts by Bernal Diaz, John Locke, Karl Marx/ Friedrich Engels, and Jules Verne.
1,540 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 0 sources, £ 35.95
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Abstract
Writers such as Bernal Diaz, John Locke, Karl Marx/ Friedrich Engels, and Jules Verne wrote about some of the most important themes in world history such as colonialism, absolutism and industrial capitalism. This paper examines how their particular historical context (the 16th century, 17th century, and 19th century) influenced their ideas and how the historical context has changed over time. While doing so, the writers focuses largely on a single work of each of the above-mentioned writers, i.e., "The Conquest of New Spain" by Bernal Diaz; "The Second Treatise of Government" by John Locke; "The Communist Manifesto" by Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels; and "Around the World in Eighty Days" by Jules Verne.
From the Paper
"Bernal Diaz del Castillo was a Spanish conquistador, chronicler and historian who sailed to the Americas and fought many battles under different Spanish adventurers including Hernan Cortes, the conqueror of Mexico. As a reward for his services Diaz was made the governor of a Guatemalan town where he took up residence until he died. In order to repudiate an over glorified account of Cortes? conquests written by his secretary Gomara (who had not even been to America), Diaz wrote The True History of the Conquest of New Spain when he was an old man of almost eighty. Although lacking a sophisticated literary style, the work is recognized as an important eyewitness account of the Spanish conquests in the Americas, and the subjugation of the native people by the Spanish colonists."
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Historical Materialism, 2004.
An analysis of Karl Marx's historical materialism.
779 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
This paper contends that, in discussing Karl Marx's basic tenets in the inherent presence of class conflict in a modern, capitalist society, it is inevitable that his method of historical materialism be included to explain how this concept of class conflict emerges. The paper explains that, prior to presenting his thesis of the emergence of class conflict and oppression in a capitalist society, Marx initially discusses how historical materialism made possible his analysis of human societies over time.
From the Paper
"Historical materialism can also be understood for what it is not-that is, by comparing it with other methods adopted by philosophers and social scientists to explain significant phenomena that occur in the modern capitalist society. Historical materialism is very much different from the idealist perspective of analyzing culture, history, and society. In the idealist perspective, all that humans feel and experience are not products of sensory experience, but of the mind itself, where all human experiences are generated from the mind. Thus, in the idealist perspective, consciousness about one's status in life and perceived expression of oppression exist and develops only in the mind of the individual. Thus, one only feels oppressed if s/he thinks that s/he is indeed oppressed."
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Historical Accuracy of Films, 2004.
An analysis of what makes a quality historical movie.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes what makes a quality historical movie. The analysis focuses on authenticity and accuracy, and the paper includes why it is difficult to render historical authenticity and accuracy in the case of particular personages and/or events.
From the Paper
"The production of historical film requires a number of considerations in order to be considered a great historical film with respect to accuracy. From authenticity to avoiding inventions added for their own sake, producing a great historical film requires more than producing a merely successful narrative film. Films like "The Birth of a Nation" and "Gone with the Wind" may be considered great films about the Civil War but they are prevented from being considered great historical films because they are not historically accurate."
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Historical Facts and Social facts, 2004.
Summary and review of E. H. Carr's book about the accuracy of historical facts, entitled "The Historian and His Facts".
986 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the E. H. Carr's theory in his book, "The Historian and His Facts", which argues that that a historical fact can never be a hard fact that can be taken at face value because it is really just a reflection of the historian?s thought process. The paper summarizes Carr's arguments, which support his theory, and cites the examples used by Carr, which add credibility to his views. The paper also reviews Carr's belief that hard historical facts can not exist independently and objectively of the historian because the view of the past is always colored by the present. Finally, the paper looks at how Durkheim's definition of social facts can both relate to and refute Carr's theory.
From the Paper
"Carr presents several logical and highly persuasive arguments in support of his argument. For instance, he submits that our picture of Greece in the fifth century B.C. is largely based by the documentation and picture left behind by a select group of people in Athens and to that extent is not truly representative since very little was recorded of the history of the Spartan or Corinthian civilizations. Similarly, he questions the current day picture of the medieval man as deeply concerned with religion since the facts of medieval history have almost all been selected by people who were professionally occupied in the theory and practice of religion and who, therefore, may have focused on recording all facts relating to it."
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Gender and Historical Analysis, 2005.
This paper discusses the use of gender as a tool for historical analysis.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that gender as a category of historical analysis has traditionally been ignored by historians, anthropologists and sociologists. The author analyzes male and female gender roles in historical Japan. The paper concludes that gender was very flexible for males and very rigid for females.
From the Paper
"Gender as a category of historical analysis has traditionally been ignored by historians, anthropologists and sociologists. When discussing gender in "Gender in a Companion to American Thought", R.W. Fox and J.T. Kloppenburg explain, "Its contemporary scholarly use dates largely from the 1970s, when path-breaking feminist scholars began to distinguish between the biological characteristics they labeled 'sex' and the attitudes, behaviors, and social structures they labeled 'gender' "(Fox and Kloppenburg 272-273). This proves that gender is a much more complicated concept then originally thought."
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The Agents of Historical Change, 2003.
An analysis of the schools of thought regarding who or what are the agents of historical change.
2,532 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how historical change comes about. It specifically looks at who or what are the agents of historical change and how we apportion responsibility for such change. The paper examines the different approaches and schools of thought on this issue. It concludes that all of the schools of thought contain valid and worthwhile assertions.
From the Paper
"In 'The Mediterranean' Braudel divided historical time into three layers, each moving at a different rate of speed. The first layer, which Braudel termed 'histoire evenementielle' was the fastest of all the layers and concentrated on traditional history such as events, politics and people. At the middle layer or 'middle duree' were the conjunctures, such as economies, social structures and population, which developed at a gradual rate of change taking decades. Finally, the 'longue duree' or structures moved at an almost stationary pace and thus in order to observe the effects of climate etc, study of change over many centuries would be necessary."
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