| Papers [1-14] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 8] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 —> | Search results on "GRASSROOTS POVERTY REDUCTION": |
|
|
Grassroots Poverty Reduction, 2006.
A discussion of policies for reducing global poverty and their shortcomings.
2,052 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 45.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses options for eradicating poverty. It describes the problems associated with poverty and how it is prevalent on a global scale. It then looks at general policy strategies with regards to poverty reduction and discusses some immediate responses to world poverty. The paper concludes by looking at specific policies towards global poverty and their shortcomings.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
The Reality of Poverty: Threats from Everywhere
The General Policy Strategy: Some Immediate Responses to World Poverty
To Rescue Neo-liberalism: Embedding of Social Inclusion
The PRSP: Framework for Developing Countries? -Some Pitfalls and Weaknesses
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Indeed, poverty anywhere is a threat to security everywhere. This just affirms the fact that poverty is severely widespread. So it is just right to think that the solution should not be a top-down approach. The project of 'inclusive' liberalism is still a top-down approach and therefore, it is not entirely 'inclusive.' But in spite of these failures, one must still value the attempts (though often failures) that is being made to avert further world poverty. Warts and all--even though there are questions about the real 'intentions' or motive of the neo-liberal framework, the important thing is that we have something to start with. We cannot undermine the value of this attempt of the neo-liberal framework to include. The only thing that is needed is a critical re-thinking of the whole discourse that would eventually 'include' everyone. The approach must be tilted--this time the poorest of the poor must be at the forefront. Anyway, it is them who are severely afflicted by this menace."
| |
|
Poverty Reduction in China, 2008.
This paper discuses proposed policies for poverty reduction in China.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 38.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper stresses that, although many economists point to China's rapidly growing economy and decreasing poverty rate, the figures on poverty in the country are still alarming, especially in the rural areas. The author points out that policy measures focusing on local poor regions should include promoting growth of resource improvement, rural education, labor issues and health, especially as sickness issues are one of the primary factors driving China's rural poverty. The paper relates that the bulk of poverty reduction techniques for China should involve taxation, international aid and the abolishment of the vast rural-urban segmentation characteristic of China, a situation that is being exacerbated by China's growing industrialization. The paper includes several quotations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Poverty in China: Background
Poverty in China: Important Issues for Address
Policy Measures for Improving China's Poverty
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is an unarguable fact that China's poverty problem is primarily rural. China is generally being effective in reducing its absolute poverty; however, relative poverty appears to be increasing. China's spread of poverty is highly regional. ... China's widening economic disparity is generally thought to exist owing to reform and structural changes within the nation that shifted "central planning to markets and from agriculture to manufacturing and services, and opening up to international trade and knowledge transfer." The nation showcases a distinctive lack of rural job opportunities under a climate of increasing industrialization."
| |
|
Poverty Reduction in Pakistan.
This paper discusses the role of financial institutions in poverty reduction in Pakistan.
12,205 words (approx. 48.8 pages), 42 sources, APA, £ 168.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that the challenges faced by institutions pursuing the expansion of micro-finance in Pakistan are as complex and varied as the causes of poverty, which are lack of access of the poor to public services, poor governance, gender discrimination against women, and the absence of risk mitigation measures. The author points out that micro-finance provides very poor families with very small loans, also known as micro-credit, initial savings of $35, and a first-time loan of about $295, with an interest rate of 18-20% per annum, to help them engage in productive activities or grow their tiny businesses. Micro-finance also can include a broader range of services such as credit, savings, and insurance because the poor lack access to traditional, formal, financial institutions. The paper relates that commercial banks are well suited to providing micro-credit to the poor because they can handle large numbers of transactions and have the capacity to track a large number of loans; highly localized, non-government organizations (NGOs) also can play a vital role in the provision of micro-finance services, but they are riddled with institutional inefficiencies.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Poverty's Dimensions and Causes
Micro-Finance and Poverty Reduction
Role of Financial Institutions in Providing Micro-Finance
Challenges and Recommendations
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Pakistan has seen steady growth in the agricultural sector, averaging over 4 percent per year from 1993 to 1999. Despite this, the incidence of poverty in rural areas increased by 7 percentage points over the same period. The overall growth of the sector is not translating into reduced poverty at the rural level. There are two possible reasons for this disparity. First, the unpredictability of the agricultural sector could have led to fluctuations of consumption in rural areas, as well as asset depletion of the rural poor as they continue to try and meet their consumption needs. Second, rural poverty is also closely linked to the distribution pattern of assets, especially land assets, which is a prevalent problem in rural Pakistan."
| |
|
Economic Development, ICT and Poverty Reduction, 2007.
An examination of the link between economic development, information and communication technology (ICT) and poverty reduction.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 34 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper proposes a research study on the link between economic development, information and communication technology (ICT) and poverty reduction, specifically in the country of Ethiopia. The paper provides a literature review and summarizes the findings. The paper discusses the results that show how ICT development and implementation has the potential to transform the economics of a country, specifically one such as Ethiopia. The paper notes that there are barriers to implementation but it has been shown that they could be overcome.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Research Questions
Review of the Literature
Summary of the Literature Reviewed
Methodology
From the Paper
"The work of Ziadi and Kuofie (2006) entitled: "Impact of ICT on Organization in Tunsia" states the fact that in the face of changes that are economic and technological in nature companies become "more conscious of the importance of their structure, technologies and intellectual capital." These authors cite Zack (1999) in the statement of "This capital is considered as a not easily imitable competing weapon." Nonaka (1991) is cited in the statement of: "This is why the competitiveness of these companies is dependent on acquisition, creation, the localization and the renewal of the organizational knowledge." (Ziadi and Kuofie, 2006)."
| |
|
World Poverty and Poverty in the USA, 2007.
An explanation of poverty experienced in the USA and in the developing countries.
1,319 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at the global issue of poverty as well as the poverty that exists today in the USA. The author describes the different lives that the poor in America have compared to those struggling to survive in developing countries. He provides some of the causes that lead to abject poverty and concludes that if we cure the world of poverty, we will cure the world of hunger, thirst, illiteracy, and disease.
From the Paper
"When Americans think of poverty, many of them tend to think of people living on the street and begging for money in our nation's biggest cities. Many are naive to the fact that almost one billion people are living in "absolute poverty." Absolute poverty, as described by Robert McNamara, are "those living, literally, on the margin of life. Their lives are so characterized by malnutrition, illiteracy, and disease as to be beneath any reasonable definition of human dignity" (23). The main reason for McNamara's definition is to help Westerners understand that poverty is a lot different to us than it is in the developing world.
"The poor in New York City may be living under a bridge or sleeping on a park bench, but they rarely have to worry about how they are going to eat since the United States offers programs to aid the poor, such as homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and food stamps. In the developing world, it is a different story. Millions of children receive insufficient amounts of food, especially protein, which thereby causes their brains to remain undeveloped and leads to a higher chance of less-productive lives. Millions of these children die each year before the age of five due to malnutrition and diseases associated with malnutrition (23)."
| |
|
Redefining Poverty, 2003.
Explores the need to redefine the term 'poverty' to improve poverty alleviation strategies.
6,500 words (approx. 26.0 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 106.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The term 'poverty' does not have as clear-cut a definition as many suppose. In the past, the World Bank defined it as a form of economic deprivation, inhibiting access to necessary resources such as food, medication, shelter, or clothing. This paper shows, however, that by 2001, the World Bank realized that the definition of poverty as "deprivation of income" was simply too limited and limiting because it viewed poverty only from the economic perspective, overlooking the social perspective. It is limiting because the economic definition of poverty engenders poverty alleviation strategies, which aim to improve the economic status of individuals, communities, and areas by addressing the economic infrastructure alone, overlooking the fact that the social and political infrastructures may be, and often are, equally responsible for poverty. The paper shows that realization of the mentioned limitations motivated the World Bank to redefine poverty as used in its annual reports. This new definition, holding poverty to be a "pronounced deprivation of well-being," does address some of the limitations of the older definition, but is not a comprehensive definition. Additionally, it has failed to engender new poverty measurement variables, maintaining the same limited and limiting ones used in the earlier definition.
Outline
Definition
Measurements of Poverty
Social and Political Deprivation
Choice in Poverty
Alleviation Strategies
Criticism of Alleviation Strategies
Re-Emphasizing a New Definition of Poverty
Case Discussion and Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In other words, poverty is the absence of equality and equal opportunity. If one considers this definition carefully, especially in light of the areas of inequality highlighted by Todaro, one sees the rationale behind, and the validity of, this definition. Quite simply stated, the unequal status of women and minority groups in many LDC's determines the inability of those groups to access economic independence or even the opportunity for stable employment at fair wages. If we go a step beyond, one will note that resistance to employing women, consequent to patriarchal cultural attitudes prevalent in many LDC's such as rural Egypt, culminates in the exclusion of a significant percentage of the population from participating in national economic development efforts."
| |
|
The Sociology of Poverty and Welfare, 2005.
A sociological perspective on poverty and welfare, including a sociological definition of poverty, explanations for poverty and welfare, and an evaluation of the explanations.
3,525 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 70.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper researches the sociology of poverty and welfare. The paper identifies the conflict and individualistic and cultural perspectives in poverty and welfare, gives a description of six sociological explanations relating to the two identified perspectives of poverty and welfare, and evaluates three of the sociological explanations. Further, this paper gives a description of at least eight sociological studies of welfare and poverty, with at least four representing the different sociological perspectives, as well as four evaluations of the sociological studies. Finally, this paper provides a description of four main constraints, which could affect the work of sociologists in their study of welfare and poverty.
Statement of Thesis
Review of Literature
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Defining elements in culture are those of language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects that are passed through generation to generation. Further culture can be separated into subgroups of material culture and nonmaterial culture. Components within a culture are inclusive of symbols, gestures, language, values, norms and sanctions, folkways and mores." Those who participate in social research or sociologists place their reliance on three main theoretical frameworks which are symbolic intereactionism which is defined in the focus on languaging and human relationship elements in intimate group settings which gives emphasis to the construction and communication by the individual through use of symbols or micro-analysis. In the thinking of today there is little disagreement that there is not an existence of a definitive in poverty that is "the" end-all in relating the meaning of the existence demonstrating the meaning of poverty. Globalization is new in the theorem arena in relation to reflect on poverty. The studies that are recent in relation to: "globalization, regionalization and their local manifestation in 'globalization' revealed an extraordinary variety of micro-social" causal factors and reasons within the framework of social processes and consequences that are of a broader nature."
| |
|
Lee Jacobs' Article: "John Kenneth Galbraith: The Position of Poverty", 2008.
This paper analyzes governmental influences on case poverty and insular poverty in Southeast Asia based on the article "John Kenneth Galbraith: The Position of Poverty" by Lee Jacobs.
940 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 23.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This study critically analyzes the idea of case poverty and insular ioverty in the article "John Kenneth Galbraith: The Position of Poverty" by Lee Jacobs. The paper explains that, by understanding the different types of poverty that keep many in the lower echelons of society, Galbraith positions that case poverty is a real concept in determining those that cannot function effectively within society. The paper further suggest that, by critical evaluating this concept, one can argue that Galbraith shows a great deal of insight into poverty, and what factors keep members of a population in the lower classes through government intervention. The paper then applies this concept to the poor in Southeast Asian countries.
From the Paper
"These ironic features that are contained within economic barren areas reflect the way that governmental development influences what is to be deemed insular poverty. For instance, if a country like Cambodia has resources in rice, a lack of government development could make Cambodia behave within Galbraith's definition of insular poverty without geographical isolation. ...
"This factor further helps develop the terms of poverty that are imposed upon people, through the so-called insular factors of poverty."
| |
|
John Stackhouse's Hope For the Elimination of Poverty, 2002.
This paper discusses "Out of This Poverty", a book by John Stackhouse which argues that the elimination of poverty is possible.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper contends that Stackhouse makes a persuasive case, although many significant obstacles remain in order for poverty to be tackled in a real and profound way. The author's thesis is that there must be local and grassroots solutions to poverty. He is right, but the international trends go against this potential solution.
| |
|
America's War on Poverty, 2002.
An analysis of the effectiveness of welfare reform on poverty and anti-poverty policy in the U.S..
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 9 sources, £ 69.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper will take a critical look at poverty and anti-poverty policy in the US. Intuitively, it is easy to make the hypothesis that spending more on poverty is better for the greater good. For instance, states with greater percentages of their population below the poverty line should spend more to reduce the incidence of poverty in their jurisdictions. In reality, however, this hypothesis has proven to be invalid. This paper will argue that, rather than improving, poverty is becoming more prevalent.
| |
|
Insular and Case Poverty, 2005.
This paper analyzes governmental influence on case poverty and insular poverty, using the article 'The Position of Poverty' by John Kenneth Galbraith.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 25.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this paper, the article by Jacobs that reflects Galbraith's theory on Insular and Case Poverty shows certain principles that are correctly adhered to in certain ways, but are delineated in other cases by government corruption. In this manner, many Southeast Asian countries are underdeveloped or overdeveloped depending on how governments structure their class systems. By analyzing this article, there is a greater comprehension of how class is developed through governmental support or non-support in relation to defining aspects of poverty in the modern era.
From the Paper
"This poverty study critically analyzes the idea of Case Poverty and Insular Poverty in the article "John Kenneth Galbraith: The Position of Poverty" by Lee Jacobs. By understanding the different types of poverty that keep many in the lower echelons of society, Galbraith positions that Case Poverty is a real concept in determining those that cannot function effectively within society. By critical evaluating this concept, one can argue that Galbraith shows a great deal of insight into poverty, and what factors keep members of a population in the lower classes through government intervention. The first defining aspect of Case Poverty is clearly related by Galbraith in identifying those that cannot function on the same level as other members within a given society."
| |
|
"Out of This Poverty", 2002.
Utilizes Jack Stackhouse's "Out of This Poverty" as a foundation to discuss the issue of poverty worldwide.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The essay reviews several important works on the subject of poverty and argues that market forces must be regulated in order for progress to be achieved. Jack Stackhouse crystallizes this issue well by demonstrating how the battle against poverty must be waged on the grassroots domestic level, not through international intervention and imposition of market forces.
| |
|
Poverty, 2006.
A discussion regarding poverty, the causes and possible solutions.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, £ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the controversial issue of poverty, poverty in the USA, what poverty in a developing country such as Ethiopia is, what the solutions appear to be for ending poverty, and who is ultimately responsible for poverty. The paper concludes that poverty is something best resolved through education and informational exchange across countries and that the blame for poverty should not be affixed to those who are poor, but to those in government whose poor decision-making have exacerbated poverty in some communities.
| |
|
Poverty in America, 2008.
A research paper examining the causes of poverty in the United States and whether poverty can be ascribed to the individual or to society.
4,346 words (approx. 17.4 pages), 16 sources, APA, £ 81.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This research paper analyzes the causes of poverty in the United States. It discusses the factors that affect poverty and then analyzes to what extent poverty is a result of social structure and to what extent it can be ascribed to individual factors. The paper also looks briefly at the future of poverty and the possibility of eventually eradicating poverty from our society.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background and Statement to the Problem
Research Questions for Paper
Rationale
Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
Literature Review
General Views and Overviews
Alternative Views and Theories
Proposed Methodology
Implications for Research and Practice and Ethical Concerns
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There is little doubt that poverty is a serious issue that affects modern society and is present in both the developed and developing countries of the world. However, what is less clear and much debated are the causes or the underlying causative factors that lead to or create poverty. There are many different views and theories about this aspect. There is also a central ideological divide about the causes of poverty; which views poverty either as an individual falling or as a consequence of societal structures and forces, creating a situation in which poverty is allowed to exist. This proposed study intends to investigate these causative factors, taking into account the often contradictory and opposing theoretical viewpoints and stances on the subject. The study aims to achieve a certain synthesis of theory and practical documentation and data, which will shed light on the causes of this modern social blight. It is also hoped that this study will contribute to future research with the aim of the eventually eradication of poverty in our society."
|
|
|
