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Governance And Management Within An Organization's Structure, 2002.
Overview of different organizational tasks and structures in todays large corporations.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 8 sources, £ 37.95
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Abstract
A paper distinguishing management from governance tasks in today's corporate organization. Discusses different organizational structures as linked to function, and the dilemma of CEO/Chairman of the Board duality, which can lead to entrenchment and organizational stagnation.
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Non-Governmental Organizations and Inter-Governmental Organizations, 2003.
An analysis of the role of non-governmental organizations and inter-governmental organizations in post-conflict reconstruction of developing nations.
1,965 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 40 sources, APA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of non-governmental and inter-governmental agencies, followed by an analysis of the different issues that can adversely affect the post-conflict reconstruction process. A summary of the research and relevant findings are provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"Conflicts among people represent one of the main problems around the world today. People continue to become embroiled in violent confrontations practically everywhere because of religious, racial or political differences. Often the parties in conflict are unable to resolve these fundamental differences, and the governments involved are either unable or unwilling to assist in the process. It is vitally important, therefore, that appropriate nongovernmental organizations and intergovernmental organizations understand the processes involved and the effects of their activities on the people they are trying to help."
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Government Funding of Challenges to Charter Violations, 2008.
An evaluation of the ongoing debate across Canada over government funding of organizations to challenge violations by the federal government of rights protected under the Charter of Rights and Freedom.
1,463 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper shows how the issues involved in the debate over government funding of organizations to challenge violations of rights protected are often complex and that arguments for and against government funding both have merit. The paper explains that the relative merits of these respective arguments depend upon the specific violation involved, but concludes that in general, advocates of government funding for challenges offer the most convincing arguments.
From the Paper
"The Charter guarantees the fundamental freedoms of Canadian democracy, including freedom of conscience and religion; freedoms of thought, belief, opinion and expression; freedom of the press and other media of communication; freedom of peaceful assembly; and freedom of association. In addition, democratic rights such as voting, regular elections, and limits on Parliamentary sessions are guaranteed, as are mobility, legal, and equality rights.
"The problem is, many of these guaranteed rights cannot be adequately protected unless lengthy court action is pursued, which costs money. Proponents of government funding for challenges of violations consider this necessary because many Canadians are worried about enforcement of the guarantees in the Charter and are skeptical that their rights are being truly acknowledged by the government."
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The World Trade Organization: Its Structure and Organization, 2001.
A personal paper arguing for the need of the World Trade Organization.
1,546 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 4 sources, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the World Trade Organization, or WTO and debates whether or not the WTO has a positive effect on the world. The author takes the position that one needs a place to take disputes and set regulations for the international economy.
From the Paper
"The World Trade Organization, which was created in 1995, was the biggest reform of international trade since 1948. During the previous years, international commerce had been organized under GATT, which established a multilateral trading system. However, by the 1980s major restructuring was needed. The Uruguay Round brought about that overhaul. It was the largest trade negotiation ever."
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"Modernizing Government: The Way Forward", 2008.
A review of the book "Modernizing Government: The Way Forward". by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
2,663 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the book "Modernizing Government: The Way Forward" has been able to provide a clear picture of the context of public sector modernization among OECD countries as it focuses on six key public sector reform levers--open government, enhancing public sector performance, modernizing accountability and control, reallocation and restructuring, use of market-type mechanism, and modernizing public employment. The paper looks at what capacities "modern governments" have to adopt to make them more responsive, transparent, and efficient. The paper then explains that the book essentially weaves a great deal of underlying theories on the dynamics of
public administration and governance, and integrating the same with emerging trends in practice among OECD countries. The paper also points out that although the book seems necessarily limited in scope as it arbitrarily focuses on the identified policy levers while leaving out other equally relevant dimensions of change, it is considerably successful, however, in providing a sound discussion of the underlying roles and interaction of governance and public administration within a whole-of-government perspective, and the changing modes by which governments manage the public sector in relation to new and emerging public assumptions and expectations of governments.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Overview and Structure of the Book
Discussion and Review
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The two-year review aimed to provide a contextual
understanding of important developments in public governance and the impact of reform initiatives among OECD countries with the objective of helping out equip for the future those involved in public governance policy. The book identifies levers for reform to modernize the public sector, and also presents an overview of public sector modernization over the last two decades.
"It begins its discussion by noting that over the past 20 years, significant
influx of new ideas and initiatives in the field of public management has transpired in OECD member countries. It stresses that the impetus for change came from the social economic and technological developments in the latter half of the 2oth century. It argues that while in some governments, fiscal stresses have sparked off the reforms; the underlying pressure for change came from the fact that governments have become out of step with the new and changing expectations of the societies that they serve."
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Finance and Management: Non-Profit Organizations, 2008.
An examination of the profit measure criterion for governance at non-profit organizations.
1,205 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines non-profit organizations, focusing particularly on profit measure criterion, and argues how it can benefit a hospital facility grappling with high costs and high expectations. In so doing, the paper looks at several of the broad characteristics that define non-profit organizations and suggests how an effective policy governance model and health care provisioning can be achieved simply by paying attention to the bottom line. The paper concludes that hospitals must understand that they have finite resources and that offering a few core services at a high level is infinitely preferable to running up a high debt offering numerous services at a low level.
From the Paper
"One of the strengths of using the profit measure approach is how it can succeed in ensuring that there is no confusion about who does what, what is expected when they do it, and what the final outcome(s) should be. According to Carver & Carver (2006), the properly-functioning Policy Governance Model will accentuate the following: self-imposed rules (for the board) vis-a-vis the delegation of authority and the method by which "board-stated" criteria will be utilized during the evaluation process; clarity in terms of who is responsible to whom; and a determination to see to it that board decisions (while open to possible change) are never undermined. While Carver and Carver do not touch upon it, the preceding governance approach clearly functions best when there is one easily quantifiable, easily transferable, means of measuring who is performing and who is not performing across the whole breadth of the organization's activities. The profit measure obviously does this and thereby sees to it that long-term goals are not compromised by short-term mismanagement in one department (or group of departments)."
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Terrorist Organizations and the Media, 2004.
An overview of the terrorist organizations Revolutionary Organization 17 November, Abu Nidal, Hezbollah, and Al-Qaida, and their use of the media to further their causes.
5,823 words (approx. 23.3 pages), 21 sources, MLA, £ 99.95
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Abstract
This research paper about terrorist organizations and the media, discusses four separate terrorist organizations in relation to their causes and the way they make use of the services of the media. The four organizations are: Revolutionary Organization 17 November, Abu Nidal, Hezbollah, and Al-Qaida. It also examines how these terror groups are linked and how the world governments, in particular, the U.S. government, are actively fighting terrorists to achieve peace for the world.
Outline
Terrorism-Then and Now
Greek Terrorist Organization: Revolutionary Organization 17 November
Armed Propaganda
International Terrorist Organization: Abu Nidal Organization
Lebanese Terrorist Organization: Hezbollah
Hate Speech on the Internet
Multinational Terrorist Organization: Al-Qaida
The Media, Government and Terror Organizations
From the Paper
"Working in cooperation with November 17, the Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) a.k.a. Fatah Revolutionary Council, Arab Revolutionary Council, Arab Revolutionary Brigades, Black September, and Revolutionary Organization of Socialist Muslims, is an international terrorist organization founded by late Sabri al-Banna (a.k.a. Abu Nidal). Abu Nidal carried out terrorist attacks in twenty countries, killing or injuring approximately nine hundred persons (Abu Nidal, 2003). ANO is said to have committed ninety actions of violence, including a failed assassination attempt on Yaser Arafat (Abu Nidal, 2000). The targets of ANO include the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Israel, moderate Palestinians, the PLO, and various Arab countries. The group maintains its presence in Iraq currently. It has an operational presence in Lebanon too."
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Corporate Governance, 2004.
This paper discusses corporate governance, which guarantees that organizations function in the interests of their owners and society.
5,065 words (approx. 20.3 pages), 43 sources, APA, £ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that corporate governance has been successful in drawing public interest because of its being synonymous with takeovers, financial restructuring, and activities of institutional investors. The author points out that, looking at owners as principals and managers as their agents, insight has concentrated on the tribulations, the principals possess in making sure that their agents work in the proper way. The paper relates that, according to the stewardship model, managers are protectors of the enterprise and work industriously to reach increased standards of corporate benefits and investors returns.
From the Paper
"The second problem infers from the first and is about setting aside suitable incentives to keep the behavior of agent with that of the principal. Since managers don?t have reach to residual earnings, their incentives are obtained from other sources. Usually it is contemplated that managers in their pursuit of gratifying their promotional interest and satisfying the goal of augmenting their income attempt to enhance the size of the organization-linking managerial pay with that of the size of the company. Therefore chances subsist that managerial policy may render the organization of taking it ahead of its best possible size and into operations that tends to decease profitability or else deviate from shareholder?s benefit. Consequently, in terms of the modern economic theory, difficulties abound as to how shareholders are in command of their agents who are managers and the manner in which they look for placing their individual interests. Concurrently, modern social theory indicates that there are also difficulties as to the situation that other stakeholders stand to loose their financial incentives if the interests of the principals and agents are united."
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The Influence of Environmental Organizations on U.S. Policy, 2006.
An in-depth discussion on the influence of three environmental organizations on U.S. Federal Government environmental policy.
3,399 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 15 sources, APA, £ 68.95
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Abstract
There are many environmental groups which have a tremendous effect on the policy of the United States with regards to the environment. This paper explores how three of these groups, the Sierra Club, Environmental Defense, and the National Audubon Society have exerted their power to effect federal governmental policy. The paper gives the background and mission of these organizations as well as some notable accomplishments and further goes on to explore their sources of power in exerting their influence as well as the claims that they have too much undue influence over federal government policy.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Sierra Club
Environmental Defense
National Audubon Society
Influence of Environmental Groups
Conclusion
From the Paper
"These are some heavy charges to be levied against the environmental groups and those who the Center for the Defense of Free enterprise feels are in concert with it. One of the reasons this group might feel this way is because groups such as the Sierra Club, Environmental defense, and the national Audubon Society have pushed for years to keep the rainforests from being cut down which hurts the interest of lumber group. They have also pushed for tougher standards for car emissions hurting the interests of car makers, and they have pushed for standards on how companies can dispose of their waste products which often costs companies millions to comply."
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Fund Raising for Non-Profit Organizations, 2002.
This paper looks closely at non-profit organizations, studying what makes an organization non-profit and how these organizations generate volunteers and raise funds.
2,113 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
The writer asserts that it is not so easy to define non-profit. Typically non-profit organizations exist to improve societal conditions or to advance a specific cause; however, non-profit organizations are significantly diverse in size, origin, finances and types of activities. The paper looks at the difficulties in attaching the title 'non-profit' to an organization.
From the Paper
"According to Frances Hesselbein, president of the Peter F. Drucker Foundation for Nonprofit Management there are 20 million non-profits worldwide, generating one trillion dollars USD in revenue annually; they change lives and build community and as such, represent a mighty force with immense capabilities. While nonprofit organizations enjoy a moral and philanthropic foundation of support based upon donors? views as to causes worthy of support from which to gather and dispense charitable resources, nonprofits do exist in a global marketplace. Only 27 percent of their revenue from private gifts, so their relationships with the business community are extensive. (Hammack and Young, 1993.)"
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Powerful International Organizations, 2008.
An analysis of the impact of the political and economic alliance between powerful international organizations and conservative-controlled governments.
2,439 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the negative political impact that large powerful organizations can have. It describes the cycle of corruption, oppression and turmoil that produces terrorism, which in turn generates reactionary policies in the United States which are detrimental to democracy. Specifically, the paper looks at the consequences of the political and economic alliance between powerful international organizations and conservative-controlled governments.
From the Paper
"The stark truth is that globalization is harmful to hundreds of millions of people around the world, and has produced destructive political blowback in the form of terrorism, dangerous instability and escalating violence in the Middle East, alarming restrictions on civil liberties in the United States, the outsourcing of millions of jobs in order to exploit cheap labor in Third World countries, and the degeneration of America's political system into an Orwellian system in which lies are peddled as the truth and the truth is degraded as lies.
"One of the biggest lies is that globalization benefits everyone. Monopoly capitalist dominance over the world's economy through globalization threatens to condemn undeveloped nations to permanent subservience and endless poverty. Under such conditions, it is hypocritical for the IMF to call for debt relief when the debts are conditioned on the very same economic policies that exacerbates indebtedness throughout the Third World. (Bull 261-263)"
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Non-Profit Organizations, 2005.
This paper compares financial management in non-profit organizations and for-profit organizations.
2,905 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This page explains that non-profit organizations different from for-profit organizations in the way they manage their finances and provide their financial information to others because, rather than making a profit, they turn their money back into goods and services which help others, pay their employees and pay their operating expenses. The author points out five financial risks, which must be managed in a proactive manner by the board of directors. They are (1) the cost of lost opportunities, (2) financial crunches, (3) uncontrollable costs, (4) increased difficulty with recognizing revenues that meet forecasts and (5) the lack of a successful model for management. The paper stresses that the accounting differences between the two groups are (1) accounting for contributions, (2) capitalizing and depreciating assets, (3) functional expense classification and (4) use of both cash- and modified-cash basis accounting methods.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Analysis, Evaluation, and Critical Thinking
Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Nonprofit organizations often do not spend enough time dealing with financial issues because they are so focused on the mission that they are sworn to uphold. However, without paying attention to the financial issues as well, these organizations can run into real trouble. They need to orient themselves to the workings of their organization, financially, and they need to develop a budget that works well for all people involved and is realistic. Without a realistic budget, the organization will likely not succeed, because there will be constant struggle and upset regarding whether issues such as bills are dealt with efficiently and properly to ensure that the organization keeps running."
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Government Intervention in the Steel Industry, 2002.
A paper on the U.S. federal government's imposition of steel tariffs on international trade.
3,695 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 13 sources, APA, £ 73.95
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Abstract
This research report focuses on various aspects of the U.S. government?s imposition of steel tariffs. It discusses the benefits and costs of tariffs in general, and includes a history of government?s support of the U.S. steel industry, details of the steel tariff 2002, why it was imposed, and its repercussions, both negative and positive. The paper also describes the research report which focuses on various aspects of the U.S. government?s imposition of steel tariffs. It discusses the benefits and costs of tariffs in general, and includes a history of government support of the US steel industry, details of the steel tariff 2002, why it was imposed, and its repercussions, both negative and positive. The paper also describes the reaction of different countries including the European Union and the Asian countries to the imposition of the tariff, how they would be affected by the tariff, and what counter measures they have taken or can take in retaliation. It explores the long and short-term economic and political impacts of the measure, both at the internationally and domestic levels. The paper includes the ramifications of such protective tariffs on international trade and on the campaign for globalization and free market economy led by the United States and views of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the US move and also discusses the reaction of different countries including the European Union and the Asian countries to the imposition of the tariff, how they would be affected by the tariff, and what counter measures they have taken or can take in retaliation. It explores the long and short-term economic and political impacts of the measure, both at the international and domestic levels. The paper also includes the ramifications of such protective tariffs.
From the Paper
"The Bush administration announced the imposition of sweeping tariffs of up to 30% on steel imports to the United States for a period of 3 years in March 2002 purportedly to save the ailing steel industry from collapsing. Predictably, the action has invited particularly harsh criticism from the US trade partners that have been directly affected by the tax, i.e., the European Union, Japan, and China. Domestically too, the proponents of a free market economy have been no less critical of the measure, although the US steel industry, in general, has welcomed the move."
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The Egypt Government, 2005.
An overview of two governmental institutions in the State of Egypt.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, £ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the history of Egypt as well as two fundamental governmental institutions. Namely, the paper examines the legislative organ of Egyptian government - the People's Assembly - and the executive organ of the government - namely, the Office of the Presidency. As soon becomes evident, the former has a ways to go before it can overcome the current powers and privileges of the latter.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is twofold. Chiefly, this paper is about examining two governmental institutions in Egypt - the legislature or People's Assembly, and the executive or Egyptian presidency. But more than that, this paper is an examination of Egypt itself, because it is only by placing these institutions within their proper context that they can be fully appreciated. This paper will provide a brief overview of the nation of Egypt and proceed to a discussion of the two aforementioned governmental institutions. While Egypt's governmental institutions share certain features with other countries, those institutions are still, in their own way, uniquely Egyptian. The history of Egypt is a fascinating one. The Egyptians were a dominant power from roughly 3200 B.C. until 341 B.C. when their native land was conquered by marauding Persian forces. "
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