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Globalization and Social Movements, 2004.
This paper studies globalization, collective action and social movements.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
In this discussion of globalization and world economy, the writer examines how historically, social movements have arisen, when groups of people have come together to change a larger structural force that controlled their lives. The writer mentions that they are sometimes defined as networks of interaction between actors. The writer argues that while globalization has both aided and hindered collective actions and the formations of social movements, the net effect is favorable.
From the Paper
"Globalization has come to be a shorthand term for the process by which the world's economy and thus its economic power structure has been knit together into an increasingly interlinked and integrated network. This process has given rise to a controversy that is itself global in scope. As meetings of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and similar bodies representative of global economic elite interests shift from one continent or another, anti-globalization protesters follow them. A few may do ..."
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A 'Global War against Terrorism' and Social Movements in America, 2002.
Discusses anti-war social movements in North America, focusing on the United States' all-out war on terrorism.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with an analysis of an on-line article that refers to the American "attack" on terrorism. The article assumes an anti-war stance and this essay examines the social movements of anti-war sentiments in relation to this particular article, as well as in relation to other anti-war movements in America. It is a sociological analysis of social collectives, and describes both American and Canadian anti-war movements, with direct reference to U.S. military and politics.
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Transnational Social Movements, 2008.
This paper examines what insight social movement theory provides for the study of transnational social movements.
2,687 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 57.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that what is fundamentally striking about transnational social movements (TSMs) is the extent to which they are able to reach beyond the restrictive confines of the nation state. The writer points out that, due to the ever-increasing opportunities that are afforded by international travel and communication, such as email and the Internet, TSMs have a way of reaching new audiences, organizing them in new collectives and voicing common grievances in new ways. The writer also notes that members of TNMs may not be working class, but they do share the common perception of themselves as small people who are being overlooked by an increasingly powerful group of leaders that are calling the shots from places and spaces in which individual national politics may not exert sufficient influence. The writer concludes that even though theories of social movements might be seen as outdated because of the global context in which movements now operate, this should not gloss over the common features that TNMs do have with social movements before them and with the insights that social movement theories can provide.
Outline:
Introduction
Objectives of Transnational Social Movements
Chief Characteristics of Transnational Social Movements
From Theories of Class to Post-Industrial Society
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Such protests were organized quite deliberately to coincide with and confront the agenda that was being put forward by intergovernmental conferences. Objecting to the global spread of the neo-liberal economic model, protestors were keen to take to task not only the governments of the leading industrialized nations, but also to criticize international organizations, such as the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, as well as multinational corporations, which, in the protestors' views, were setting out policies that could not be countered if objections remained local and national-specific.
"Even though the nature of this movement is contested, it would still be possible to note the chief concerns of protestors as being objection to the globalization of a neo-liberal, monetarist economic philosophy. The strength of the protests against this doctrine are related to what its critics in the anti-capitalist movement see as the extreme negativity of its effects."
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An Assessment of Informal Social Movements, 2001.
This paper assesses the effectiveness of social movements in the context of globalization, especially in the case of Canada.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 14 sources, MLA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
A paper that shows that in a world of expanding business and human mobility there is an increasing prevalence of corporations extending internationally, resulting in many political and social implications. The author finds that although conventionally, one would join a lobby firm in order to influence government policy through bureaucratic channels; in light of growing corporate globalization, one can argue that these conventional channels are no longer able to reflect the demands and interests of the general population. He finds that although lobby firms possess substantial resources in lobbying government, it is in the flexible structure of informal grassroots organizations that people will be able to influence policy in a globalized world. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of transnational networks in influencing policy by highlighting the insufficiencies of lobby firms, outlining the characteristics of social movements that make them effective, and illustrating the application of these tactics in specific campaigns. Ultimately, it is in these informal movements that the demands of the general public will be heard. The paper focuses on Canada's experience.
From the Paper
"Ultimately, in a world increasingly dominated by multinational corporations, the future of public interests lies in the methods of grassroots organizations. Lobby firms have become ineffective in representing interests of the public, as they are now puppets of the big business interests who hire them. Likewise, governments have ceased to become the focus of policy change, as they too, have subordinated themselves to the interests of multinational corporations. Thus, it is in the flexible and adaptive structures of grassroots lobbying that Canadian voices and interests will be heard in the global arena. The reality that the strength of corporations in this arena is indubitable; yet, it is in the mobilization of collective action from grassroots organizations that will keep these corporations in check and ensure global social justice."
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Social Movements and Politics, 2004.
An analysis of the effects of social movements on politics.
1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how social movements throughout history represented a new kind of politics. The paper contends that social movements have always helped bring about political change or a new type of politics, naming social philosophers kindred to politicians. The paper explains that one cannot study or offer a new type of social philosophy or movement without effecting political change. By examining the history of several social movements, the paper discovers political changes caused by the effects of these movements. The paper focuses on Jean Jacques Rousseau and John Stuart Mills who both initiated social movements that brought about a new type of politics.
From the Paper
"Jean-Jacques Rousseau makes it explicitly clear in his writings found "The Social Contract and Discourses" that he believes strongly in personal freedom and autonomy. Rousseau believed that a truly free government is one where everyone votes, every citizen. Rousseau argues that by everyone surrendering his or her rights to the sovereign equally they maintain freedom. He believes man has the most freedom in the state of nature, but because man has the ability to rationalize and the desire to be social, he must enter a social contract with others in order to have a free and equal society. Rousseau adamantly defends his belief in autonomy in his Discourses on the State of Nature, the Social Contract, and Sovereignty."
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The Power and Influence of Social Movements, 2006.
A review of social movements with regard to the strength of power and influence of these movements.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses social movements with regards to Andrews, Whittier, and the documentaries providing convincing evidence that the powers of social movements are derived primarily from injustice in society. The paper further discusses how social, economic, or political conditions can no longer be tolerated by an oppressed group of people, social movements often arise, for such movements enable the participants to affect social change. These movements rarely achieve all of their goals because they always generate resistance, but they have often succeeded in attaining many of their goals.
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Social Movements, 2007.
This paper examines the impacts of social movements and protests on American democracy.
1,139 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper explores what social movements are and describes some of America's most important movements. The paper summarizes and explains the roles and impacts of these social movements and the significance of protest as a key aspect. The paper discusses how social movements and protests impact American democracy to the extent that they succeed in their aims of changing existing laws and public policies. Finally, the paper relates that social movements have the best chance of succeeding because they practice participatory democracy in which everyone has a voice.
From the Paper
"Still, some social movements succeed in their goals for social change (e.g., those like the Women's Suffrage Movement and the Civil Rights Movement, both of which made their marks on history and changed public policy). Other social movements fizzle out and eventually disappear, having created no change. Roles and impacts of social movements and the significance of protest (e.g., marches, demonstrations, rallies, letter-writing campaigns, and other forms of public protest) as a key aspect of social movements, on American democracy, therefore depend upon the individual social movements themselves; their leadership and organization; and their success (or the lack thereof)."
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Social Movements, 2005.
This paper examines social movements and their consequences.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
In this paper the writer answers a series of five questions regarding social movements. The writer discusses how social movements are formed. The functioning of social movements is examined. In this article, the writer also discusses how social movements and their actions impact society.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this brief essay is to answer a series of questions regarding social movements and their consequences. Collective action, the difficulty of establishing effective social movements, the role played by organizations in social and political movements, methods used to facilitate social change and the focus or revolutionary content of social movements are at issue herein. People act collectively in democratic and non-democratic regimes to garner strength and to promote mutual issues. Rena Palloff has noted that social change efforts attempt to impact ... "
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Evolution of Social Movements, 2007.
An analysis of how social movements affected social change in the 1960s.
1,584 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how the powers of social movements are derived primarily from injustice in society. The paper looks at the civil rights, feminist and anti-war movements in the nineteen-sixties that demonstrated how once a social movement gains momentum it can produce wider public dissatisfaction with the status quo and compel elected officials to take action against injustice. The paper points out, however, that the power to affect social change in society tends to be fluid, for once a social movement achieves a certain degree of social change, it meets increasing resistance, which reduces its power.
From the Paper
"The Civil Rights Movement of the nineteen-sixties began because of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott in 1955, which inspired African-Americans to increase their efforts to win equality. Parks (1999) notes that a few years later, when Attorney General Robert Kennedy sent the FBI into the South in 1962 to enforce laws, prevent violence, and protect civil rights activists, it sent a strong message that the time for racial justice had arrived and that racial segregation must be ended."
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Social Movements, 2008.
This paper examines the prevalent sociology theories to develop a greater understanding of why individuals join social movements.
789 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the deprivation theory and mass society theory but shows how they are insufficient for explaining why individuals join social movements. The paper then discusses the collectivist theory known as the structural strain theory that argues that social movements are initiated through the combination of many factors.
From the Paper
"As a result of the democratic system that the majority of countries now possess, the frequency and intensity of social movements have become even more evident than in previous centuries. In general social movements can be defined as any broad social alliances of people who are connected through there shared interest in blocking or affecting social change. The majority of social movements are not completely organized nor do they have a centralized infrastructure, rather they are a melting pot of individuals who have shared interests."
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Models of Social Movements, 2000.
The following essay looks at the questions of how and why social movements begin, what keeps them going, and whether they follow understandable patterns or not.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses several models of social movements. The writer comments on Neil Smelser's view of social movements from the perspective of economic sociology, James Coleman's view of the evolution of conflict at the community level and the psychological model among others.
From the Paper
"The social psychological model sees social movements as starting when a group of people perceives themselves as deprived compared to the rest of the society. As expectations and desires grow, the disparity between where this group of person actually is and where they want to be become wider and wider. They see the difference between their expectations and their reality."
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Interest Groups vs. Social Movements, 2002.
A comparison of the goals and aims of interest groups versus social movements, with a focus on specific public policy distinctions.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 17.95
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Abstract
The following paper examines the distinction between interest groups and social movements which are sometimes hard to distinguish. This paper argues that interest groups are usually more narrowly focused and depend on organized supporters of otherwise loosely mobilized citizens within a larger social movement.
From the Paper
"Elections are formal procedures for choosing officers or making binding decisions concerning current and future policies. Elections are widely held in private organizations, such as corporations, church groups, or labor unions. Public institutions hold elections to select officers, to choose representatives, and to settle specific policy questions. Elections also may take place within specific governmental bodies or institutions as, in the United States, when members of a state legislature elect a speaker of the house. The discussion that follows, however, will focus on public elections for officers of governmental units or to decide public policy issues. Such elections commonly have a larger number of persons entitled to participate and are part of the total political process within the governmental system."
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Non-Violent Social Movements, 2005.
This paper discusses the idea of indirect approach in non-violent social movements as presented by Liddell Hart in "Strategy" and Gene Sharp in "Politics of Non-Violent Action".
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the philosophies of non-violent social movements of Liddell Hart's "Strategy" and of Gene Sharp's "Politics of Non-Violent Action" are vastly different in context: Hart's expertise is planning, fighting and winning a battle; whereas, Gene Sharp's reality is in search of maintaining a non-violent movement for peace and social change. The author points out that, in many ways, non-violence requires the same techniques of strategy as war; the results are just different. The paper states that the strength of non-violence lies in its ability to reduce the moral legitimacy of those who persist in using violence.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Indirect Approach
Nonviolent Movement
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The indirect approach was born out of Liddell Hart's years of military study and review of historical accounts of war. The very essence of indirect approach is to discover the enemy's Achilles heal or weakness and strike it quickly to take best advantage of the situation. This will lead to a swift and decisive victory. It is determining the Achilles heal that creates an element of surprise. The enemy will be shocked such knowledge of their weakness is apparently known. By surprising the enemy, the opponent takes advantage of the human factor. Liddell Hart writes in "Strategy", "Throughout the ages effective results in war have rarely been attained unless the approach of has had such indirectness as to ensure the opponent's unreadiness to meet it." Basically what this is saying is an indirect approach wears down the enemy's ability to fight back effectively. The surprise element is so profound the enemy loses its will to meet their opponent head on. Their resistance dissolves while their defense crumbles from exhaustion."
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Social Movements, 2004.
Looks at various social movements and how they are able to retain their membership over extended periods of time.
889 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper examines different social movements and the different factors that have enabled them to retain, and even add to, the ranks of their membership, over extended periods of time. The paper studies and compares radical economic movements, radical religious movements, and reformist movements in order to shed light on this topic.
From the Paper
"Patterns of holding membership ranks at a stable level may vary as well for leaders of the groups and members of the rank and file membership. For animal rights activists, to take one example, there is often a quite flexible definition of what constitutes animal rights as ethical lifestyle, and the proper ways to go about pursuing the goals of the movement. However, at the higher levels of the movement, composed of activists whose entire lives revolve around animal rights, there is often a strong, core cause and code of behavior that unites them. This is because, almost like a religion, the movement is so totally consuming, requiring a certain way of eating, dressing, and often transgressing the laws of the land in terms of defacing fur and stealing animals from laboratories."
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