| Papers [1-14] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 8] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 —> | Search results on "FINANCIAL RISKS": |
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International Financial Risks, 2005.
A look at the different risks associated with conducting business on an international level.
751 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the financial risks of conducting business internationally, while addressing the significance of foreign exchange rate risks.
From the Paper
"Another overlapped risk factor is external accounts. A country's external debt level can become unmanageable, thus making them a poor credit risk for international business. Countries generate foreign reserves from export and import trading, but the balance of this trading and the debt incurred is a financial risk if handled improperly. This financial risk is directly related to another financial risk factor, political risks. Szabo Associates, Inc. states, "Analysis of the political outlook of a country is at least, if not more, important than analysis of economic and financial matters." Changes in a country's leadership or political structure can directly affect international financial business and risks."
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BMW and Global Financial Risk, 2006.
This paper looks at BMW's business actions in order to manage global financial risk.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This article looks at steps and strategies used to manage an international business while controlling the financial risk to the company. The writer notes that BMW takes multiple steps to manage the global financial risk associated with doing business in an international and competitive climate. The author describes various techniques used by BMW, as an international firm. The paper discusses how the BMW Corporation management analyzes the types of risk to which they are subject by conducting business in an international market. The writer examines how such risks can be controlled and hedged.
From the Paper
"Any firm conducting business internationally faces global financial risk. Of particular concern is risk associated from foreign exchange transactions or currency related issues. Much of this risk results from the volatility ever present within the exchange rate and among interest rates. There are always other risks though associated with conducting business in a global marketplace. Fortunately there are very clear and decisive steps organizations can take to minimize the risks associated with international business. Many hedging instruments or techniques are available and work well to ensure a company manages risk reasonably."
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International Financial Business Risk, 2005.
Examines the appeal and risks of the international business market.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the appeal of the international business market to business today, as it provides supplies and raw materials less expensively, and also brings millions of potential buyers within reach. The risks that go along with these benefits, including political risk and exchange rate risk are also explored.
From the Paper
"The international business market is very alluring to business today. Not only can it provide some supplies and raw materials less expensively but they also bring millions of potential buyers within reach ..."
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Risk Management in Financial Institutions, 2002.
This paper discusses the article "Risk Management in Financial Institutions" by George Oldfield and Anthony Santomero.
966 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper studies the article in order to address two issues associated with risk exposure for financial institutions. The writer asks the questions and then finds within the article that different styles of risk mitigation are applicable to all types of financial institutions, although the balance among these mitigation strategies will vary by institutional type and by institution within institutional types depending upon an institution?s needs at any given time.
From the Paper
"The first question facing a financial institution, thus, is whether to manage risk or avoid risk. Costs are involved for a financial institution regardless of the nature of the decision on this issue. Thus, the decision itself boils down to a question of which decision likely risks the greater costs for the institution. At this level, a financial institution may avoid risks through business practices that minimize risk exposure or the institution may transfer risks to other participants. In the first instance, the financial institution will forego some level of business activity to minimize risk exposure. The question revolves around the issue of whether potential loss of profits from business not conducted likely would exceed any losses associated with the higher level of risk exposure. In the second instance, the financial institution will need to compensate in some way other participants for assuming risk. The question in this instance revolves around the issue of whether the costs of compensating other participants likely would exceed any losses associated with retaining the risks by the financial institution."
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Effects of Risk Perception on Risk-Taking, 2008.
A summary and review of "The Contingent Effects of Risk Perception on Risk-Taking Behavior: Adolescent Participative Orientation and Marijuana Use", the authors C.F. Lee, Y. Su, and B.P. Hazard
4,419 words (approx. 17.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper critiques an article about the use of marijuana by American high school seniors, entitled "The Contingent Effects of Risk Perception on Risk-Taking Behavior: Adolescent Participative Orientation and Marijuana Use". The paper first explains that the authors of the report see marijuana use as an example of risk-taking behavior, and presume that a reduction in marijuana use would mean that the perception of risk has increased and that this is leading to a lower rate of use. The paper then goes on to summarize the report and explain its findings.
From the Paper
"The authors find that risk perception by itself accounts for about 21% of the variation in risk-taking behavior of marijuana use. Using the four participative orientations - sports, fun, school, and creative - the explained variance of marijuana use was increased to 33%, and all activity orientations except creative significantly affected marijuana use. Sports and school showed relatively small negative effects, while fun activities had a distinctively large and positive effect on marijuana use. The authors also find after analysis that the net effect of risk perception on marijuana use was statistically insignificant. "
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Risk Management and Risk Assessment, 2008.
An analysis of nine websites and their understanding of risk management and assessment.
1,192 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper defines risk management and assessment and discusses their importance to corporations and the public. The paper then focuses on effective risk management tools. It describes three websites and discusses their understanding of risk management. The paper also discusses specific websites that do not display a thorough understanding of risk management and assessment.
From the Paper
"Risk management needs to be understood from a variety of angles. Firstly, risk should be defined for its nature and effect upon not only the company, but also all possible stakeholders. Risk management procedures exist to protect both the workplace, the workforce, or the public. Risk to the corporation is anything endangering the vision, mission and profitability of the company. Secondly, risk to the workforce entails those risks that may result in injury or death to the employee, or that may lead to health or other physical hazards. Employees may also incur risks from non-physical sources such as long work hours or a highly stressful job situation, which could be brought about by a variety of factors. Thirdly, risks can also be posed to the public, in terms of health, safety and financial well-being. A gas company may for example risk the health of the surrounding population by exceeding legally allowed gas emissions."
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Risk Management, 2005.
A look at how financial derivatives help us better understand, measure, and manage our financial risks.
3,609 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how financial managers use financial derivatives to help them determine risks accurately and better control them. The paper explains the role financial derivatives play in this aspect of financial management and the different types of financial derivatives available. The paper also discusses the importance of understanding the intended function of derivatives and that the users of this tool take necessary precautions before using it. The paper also looks at the types of financial institutions involved with financial derivatives, explains how certain types can help financial managers hedge financial risk, and looks at the reasons for the growth in the market of financial derivatives.
Introduction
Roles of Financial Derivatives
Futures and Options Can Help Risk Managers to Hedge Financial Risk
From the Paper
"One of the first uses of financial derivatives was to reduce exposure to changes in rates of foreign exchange, interests, or stock market valuation. As an example take the situation of an American company has sent goods for which they will be paid in British Pounds. It has the choice or ?option? of entering into a derivative contract with another party to reduce the risk of British Pound increasing in value compared to US Dollar when the payment is made. Through the use of the instrument, the party covering the risk is compelled to pay the exporter the value in American Dollars at the rate at which the instrument was finalized. Thus the derivative has shifted the exchange risk from the exporter to another party. These instruments are continually gaining in popularity and familiarity, and this increase in popularity is also increasing the variety of such instruments that are now available. One has to understand the latest uses of derivatives and the implications of the concerned transactions to get the benefit from these instruments."
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OFA and Risk Management, 2005.
This paper examines the Ontario Financing Authority (OFA) financial risk management strategies.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 15 sources, £ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Ontario Financing Authority's (OFA) financial risk management program. Various risks are discussed and analyzed including liquidity risks, foreign currency exchange rate risks, debt maturity rate risks, and interest rate risks. The writer points out that in order to mitigate the financial risks inherent in a large and diversified debt portfolio, it is important for the province to maintain prudent risk management policies and practices.
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Treasury and Risk Management, 2008.
A discussion of the increased responsibility the Treasury Department has in managing financial and operational risks.
3,280 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the increased responsibilities of the Treasury in financial risk management even as it illumines the workings of the financial market, functions of financial institutions, characteristics of financial products, purposes of commoditization, and the past and future trends of financial markets.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Risk Management
Financial Markets
Institutions and Intermediaries
Commoditization
Mark-to-Market Schemes
From the Paper
"Of these financial products, trade in hedge funds is the least popular because of perceptions that these funds are fraught with risks. In fact, China closed its derivatives exchange for hedge funds in 2005 when trade in credit derivatives brought losses to hedge fund holders, after an expected default corrections in the corporate credit markets failed to materialize. As a derivatives instrument, the hedge fund is a financial obligation whose value is derived from an underlying asset, reference and index rates or interest rates, the result of a specific event or the price of an underlying asset such as debt equity or commodities."
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Risks and Bank Capital Regulation, 2002.
A study of the main categories of risk-- liquidity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and capital risk and how they can impact the viability of a financial institution.
1,795 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
One of the most fundamental objectives of bank management is maximizing shareholder value. To maximize shareholder value, bank managers must address the risk-return trade off inherent in many of their day-to-day financial transactions. This paper examines the different types of risk which fall into four main categories liquidity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, and capital risk and shows how crucial they are to maximizing shareholder value. Examples from real life bank figures are used to illustrate examples.
From the Paper
"If a financial institution does not have enough liquid assets, then it is possible that a run on customer withdrawals could not be met. A common scenario in the Great Depression of the 1930?s, an inability to meet withdrawal demand can destroy the reputation of a financial institution. Carrying a disproportionately high liquidity risk has the potential to completely obliterate the good reputation of a financial institution, and ultimately result in the institution closing its doors."
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International Risk Management, 2004.
An analysis of financial risk management, with a focus on international markets.
939 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights key aspects of minimizing risk and maximizing profits, yet still engaging in fruitful and dynamic financial transactions. The paper contends that to minimize risk in financial markets on an international level, cooperation that crosses borders between business entities, is necessary. The paper explains that because of the obscure nature of the factors affecting currency exchange rates, in the form of politics, international economic business entities with mutual interests in financial stability must work together to minimize their own mutual risks regarding exchange rates, loans and currency values. The paper assesses that this is done by freely allowing for differentials in rates and disclosing all known information about their country's, company's and currency's financial health.
From the Paper
"No profit was ever made without taking some financial risk. However, economists such as John Eatwell and Lance Taylor have argued in their text Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation that international financial markets are intrinsically and particularly apt to pose the threat of risk to potential investors on an individual and a corporate level. Investors in finance base their decisions on guesses, not only about how other investors within a nation will behave, but also about national stability, which affects the stability of the currency. As markets have grown more global in scope, industrialized countries often have pursued a more cautious monetary policy regarding other nations."
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Financial Derivatives.
This paper discusses three forms of financial derivatives: Interest rate, currency and asset swaps.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the swaps, or contracts for differences, defined as synthetic securities involving combinations of two or more basic building blocks, are one of several financial derivatives used either to hedge different financial risks, such as interest rate risks or currency/foreign exchange risks or to obtain financial gains when they are used as speculative instruments. The author points out that the main characteristic of financial derivatives is the fact that they all work on imperfections of the financial markets; swaps are obviously either a speculating or an arbitrage instrument, much like forwards, futures or options. The paper relates that a swap agreement is beneficial to both parties when there is a split preference for fixed or floating, induced either by the necessities of the organization or the risk management policies that the company adopts.
Table of Contents
Interest Rate Swaps
Currency Swaps
Asset Swaps
From the Paper
"The figure above best explains a classical swap mechanism . Bank A has a AAA credit rating, while Bank B has a BBB credit rating. This means that Bank B will have a higher fixed rate loan and company II will prefer to loan by using variable or floating rates. These are generally reported to LIBOR and can be, in this case, LIBOR + 0.75 %. Company I will make fixed-rate loans from the AAA bank at a fixed rate of 10 %. The general idea is that bank A will make floating- rate payments to bank B, and, B will make fixed- rate payments to A. The rates that the swap bank uses enter the calculations as well."
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Health Care Financial Management, 2003.
A comparison between financial management issues for health care institutions vs. other industries.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the differences between financial management in health care and that in other industries. In particular, the paper examines the challenges facing health care financial management during the summer of 2003. The paper also looks at the need for health care organizations to avoid risk and to engage in financial risk management.
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Hedge Funds and Financial Markets, 2007.
An analysis of the role of hedge funds in the financial markets and an explanation of their importance as clients of investment banks.
2,105 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the main characteristics of hedge funds and looks at how these differ from traditional investment funds. There are over a dozen investment techniques used in hedge fund industry in order to make returns. The paper describes four of them: opportunistic, market neutral - securities hedging, global macro and value investment style. The great size of the assets under management of the hedge fund suggests that they are important clients of investment banks and can play a significant role in the financial markets. The paper also takes a closer look at how investment banks work with hedge funds and what impact the hedge funds have on the overall stability of the financial markets.
Outline:
Introduction
An Overview of Hedge Funds, Comparison to Traditional Funds and Their Importance as Clients of Investment Banks
Recent Expansion of Hedge Funds
Hedge Funds and Financial Stability
Some Risks Associated With Hedge Funds
Regulation of Hedge Funds
Hedge Funds' Investment Styles
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The definition of a hedge fund is an investment institution, which actively manages its portfolio using a large number of strategies and leverage in order to produce high returns, which are measured in absolute terms and/or over a specified benchmark, such as FTSE100 in the UK or the DOW30 in the US. Hedge funds are similar to the traditional investment funds in that they are both pooled and professionally managed, however, there is a number of differences. Unlike traditional funds HFs are practically unregulated and have the flexibility in their trading and investment strategies, e.g. go short when markets are bearish or when a manager thinks that an asset is overpriced and is due a correction (source: Investopedia)."
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