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Edmund Burke and Thomas Paine, 2002.
This essay compares the political philosophy of Edmund Burke with that of his leading critic, Thomas Paine.
1,510 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
An essay which compares the political philosophy of Edmund Burke with that of his leading critic, Thomas Paine. It argues that Burke?s philosophy was less a reaction to the French Revolution than an idealization of the English constitution which was created for the purpose of disarming those in England who might have drawn upon revolutionary principles to foster change at home. Paine?s philosophy is distinguished from Burke?s chiefly by the fact that it takes a much more critical attitude to the past.
From the Paper
"Yet as praise for Burke?s philosophy seems detached from any particular enthusiasm for the late 18th-century English state, it seems that Burke?s political philosophy is routinely analyzed in a way that completely abstracts it from the political order it was intended to eulogize and exempt from further change. The problem with this abstract approach is that it bestows upon Burke?s philosophy the power to legitimize any political order simply because it has subsisted into a venerable old age. In other words, if the Third Reich had lasted a thousand years, it would also be entitled to similar esteem as the fruit of generations of human wisdom. It is hard, however, to see the genuine wisdom in a philosophy which blithely ratifies the past, without developing clear criteria to distinguish between the parts which might be allowed to continue to subsist without harm, and those which will only yield harm if left uncorrected."
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The Limitation Of Revolution In The Eyes Of Edmund Burke, 1995.
An illustration of Edmund Burke's objections to the French Revolution. Using these arguments as a basis, his philosophy concerning the ultimately inherent failure of all revolutions is discussed.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, £ 19.95
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From the Paper
"The Limitation of Revolution
Introduction
As a member of the House of Parliament, and heir to the traditions of English Common Law, Edmund Burke (1729-1793) may have seen the French Revolution as an alien and indifferent political force moving his times, disrupting what he knew to be a sure and comforting way of life. It is not odd that the language used in Reflections on the Revolution in France is full of pleas for sane behavior and references to English Parliamentary procedure, being connected to ancient and correct institutions. This paper shall illustrate Edmund Burke's objections to the French Revolution, and hence the limitations of all revolution that is not somehow linked with traditional rule (Beatty & Johnson, 1995)."
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The Philosophy of Edmund Burke, 1995.
This paper reviews the philosophical work of Edmund Burke on psychology and aesthetics of beauty, taste, pleasure and pain, passion and love.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, £ 24.95
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From the Paper
"Edmund Burke was born in the eighteenth century. He was a statesman and a political thinker. His views on government have been cited by conservative thinkers. For Burke, government should ideally be a cooperative, mutually restraining relation of rulers to subjects, with an attachment to tradition and the ways of the past to the degree possible but also with a recognition of the fact of change and the need for a comprehensive and discriminating response to it. Burke fought against the Revolution in France and demanded war against the new state. He believed that the French Revolution had brought about a devaluation in tradition. He saw strength in the English constitution, which offered continuity and unorganized growth as well as a respect for traditional wisdom. He suggested an interpretation of nature and the natural order and thus implied a ... "
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Edmund Burke & Thomas Paine, 1994.
Examines conflict over the French Revolution, political theory, democracy & monarchy, tyranny of masses and natural rights.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, £ 29.95
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From the Paper
"Edmund Burke v. Thomas Paine
This paper will discuss the philosophical conflict between Edmund Burke and Thomas Paine concerning the French Revolution at the end of the Eighteenth Century. The first part of the paper will present a brief overview of the dispute. The second and third parts of the paper will present the main arguments of each man. The last part of the paper will briefly explain why Thomas Paine's views eventually gained more adherents than those of Edmund Burke.
Burke and Paine came from two opposite ends of the political spectrum. Burke was basically conservative, valuing tradition and the status quo. Paine was a firebrand of the left, advocating revolution and popular democracy. Ironically, Burke had sympathized with the colonists in North America during the period of troubles.."
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The Burke Conciliation, 2007.
A discussion regarding Edmund Burke's 1775 speech on conciliation with America.
897 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the Edmund Burke's conciliation speech. According to the paper, Edmund Burke's speech urges Parliament to adopt a more sensible approach to the colonies to ensure not only peace but political and economic obeisance. The paper reports that Burke believed that conciliation with the colonies would help Britain prosper and continue their dominion on both sides of the Atlantic.
From the Paper
"Furthermore, Burke points out that disputes with the colonies are causing Britain to become "distracted" from its political and economic goals. Those goals not only include peace, order and "repose" but also imperial strength and integrity. Burke appeals to the British desire for colonial expansion, with all the political and economic benefits derived from it. His concern for the well-being of the colonies themselves is rooted solely in the view that the colonies were British by birth and should remain British in character and loyalty. The British colonies were pushing for greater liberty, manifest in self-governance and independence from the Crown. Burke argues that avowing colonial independence will lead to greater trust and further political cohesion between the New and Old Worlds. He criticizes "the labyrinth of intricate and endless negotiations" that Parliament had been engaging in with the colonies."
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On Burke and Paine, 2006.
A review of "Reflections on the Revolution in France" by Edmund Burke and Thomas Paine's "Rights of Man".
1,230 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 0 sources, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the writings and philosophies of Edmund Burke and Thomas Paine, as detailed in their respective works "Reflections on the Revolution in France" and "Rights of Man". Both books explore the foundations and obligations of the citizen and his government. The author of this paper maintains that Paine's piece is superior, particular since it was written in many ways as a rebuttal to Burke's. This paper details the philosophers' perspectives on several parallel issues, concluding that Paine's argument that the power lays with the people is more compelling than Burke's justification of the ruling class.
From the Paper
"Let us look at how they tackle the origins of the rights of man, and in so doing, we will be able to analyze the argumentative style of each author and compare them. Burke contends that the people of England are unjustified in any gripe they might have with Parliament, for as he sees it, the government established that the people of England were subordinate to the government for all time. According to Burke, a 17th century Parliament that declared English citizens to be loyal and subordinate to Parliament denies the people the right in his present time to complain. "The Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, do, in the name of the people aforesaid" (meaning the people of England then living) "most humbly and faithfully submit themselves, their heirs and posterities, for EVER." Burke cites this as evidence for why any talk of revolution is ridiculous, out of place, and irresponsible."
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Rousseau and Burke: The French Revolution, 2006.
A study of Edmund Burke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, proponents of the French revolution.
2,611 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at two proponents of the French revolution, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Edmund Burke, their background, their achievements and their views on the revolution. Rousseau and Burke both supported the revolution, but for different reasons. This paper discusses their similarities and their differences.
Contents:
Rousseau
Burke
Conclusions
From the Paper
"According to Rousseau, society's negative effect on generally good men focuses on society's mutation of "amour de soi," a positive self-love, into "amour-propre," or pride. Rousseau argued that amour de soi generates the instinctive human desire for self-preservation, in conjunction with the uniquely human power of reason. To differentiate, amour-propre is not natural but artificial and forces man to compare himself to others, thus creating unwarranted fear and allowing men to take pleasure in the pain or weakness of others. Revolution for Rousseau, however, as an essential force to combat the negative influences of society stems from amour de soi, so it is pure in Rousseau's eyes.
In his work "Discourse on the Arts and Sciences" Rousseau touched on a different angle associated with revolution. Rousseau asserted that the arts and sciences had not been a boon at all to mankind, because both studies were advanced not in response to human needs but as the result of pride and vanity - amour proper. Also, the opportunities arts and sciences engendered for idleness and luxury led directly and continue to lead directly to the corruption of man. Rousseau wrote in "Discourse on the Arts and Sciences" that the evolution of knowledge had rendered governments increasingly powerful and had destroyed individual liberty. Rousseau determined that corporeal progress had actually undermined the possibility of sincere friendship, replacing it with jealousy, fear and suspicion - more evidence of amour proper."
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The Political Views Of Burke and Moore, 1990.
Compares political ideological perspectives of Sir Thomas Moore's Humanism and Edmund Burke's Conservatism.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, £ 29.95
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From the Paper
"The following examines the ideological perspectives of Sir Thomas More and Edmund Burke. More was considered a humanist, while Burke has been viewed as an important figure in the development of conservative political thought.
Sir Thomas More, also known as Saint Thomas More (because of sanctification by the Catholic Church) is probably best known for his confrontation with King Henry VIII, for which he lost his life. He was a statesman as well as a political and social philosopher. His most famous work is his Utopia, a book in which he created his version of a perfect society and gave his name to such conceptions ever after as "utopias." The word is of Greek origin, a play on the Greek word eutopos, meaning good place. In the book, More describes a pagan and communist city-state in which the institutions and policies are governed entirely by..."
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Burke & Mill, 1989.
Discusses some of the writings of Edmund Burke & John Stuart Mill on liberty, democracy, & government that they delivered in reaction to the French Revolution.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, £ 29.95
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From the Paper
"After the French Revolution, a number of philosophers came to believe that the West was being propelled toward a deep moral crisis, a view that prevailed for some time and that was based on a perception of diminishing belief in truth. This can be seen in the writings of Edmund Burke and John Stuart Mill.
Edmund Burke was born in the eighteenth century in England. He was a statesman and a political thinker, and he was also involved in a dispute over the powers of the crown. Burke was closely involved in the constitutional controversy over George III's reign. The King was seeking to assert a more active role for the crown, which had lost influence in earlier times, and to do so without infringing on the limitations of the royal prerogative set by the revolution settlement. Burke argued that George's actions were against the spirit of the constitution, (...)"
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Kenneth Burke's "New Rhetoric", 2008.
An outline of Marie Hochmuth's article "Kenneth Burke and the 'New Rhetoric'" published in The Quarterly Journal of Speech.
2,210 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Kenneth Burke's theory of the "new rhetoric" - in which he saw culture as a kind of language of contextual symbols. The "symbolic construction of social reality" is the topic of scholarly debate and discussion even fifty-seven years after the publishing of his groundbreaking book "A Rhetoric of Motives". The paper notes that what Burke meant by "new rhetoric" according to Marie Hochmuth - writing in The Quarterly Journal of Speech - applies interestingly and poignantly to a review of many cultural settings, including the American style of weddings. The paper looks at the American institution of a wedding, with all the traditions, myths, spoken ceremonial words and rituals, and critiques the wedding as a tradition and as a cultural institution, using the new rhetoric interpretations and strategies put forward by Burke.
From the Paper
"The bride wears white, presumably to signify her purity. But in other cultures, most notably India and Japan, red rather than white is the customary color of first-time brides. Even in our own culture, white was not the customary color for a wedding dress until the 19th century, when Queen Victoria wore white at her wedding. Also, for a long time, women did not have enough money to have a new dress, so they wore their best dresses, unless they were wealthy, but now that clothing is cheaper, almost everyone wears a special dress for the day. Even if someone defies these norms, such an act is consciously interpreted as defiance. People do not exist outside of the symbolic language of the culture in which they find themselves."
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Kenneth Burke, 2007.
An analysis of the influence of Kenneth Burke's pentad to the study of communications.
2,511 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 16 sources, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a broad overview of Kenneth Burke's most influential works and the effect they have had on the study of communications. It then focuses on and describes one of Burke's greatest contributions to communications theory - his pentad theory, which was theorized in "A Grammar of Motives." The paper discusses this theory and the influence that it had on communications study.
Table of Contents:
Burke: A Broad Overview
The Pentad Explored
Works and Research Spurred by the Burkean Pentad
Expanding the Pentad
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Ling's analysis of Kennedy's speech may be one of the best known examples of pentad-based analysis, but it is by no means the only one. In fact, the Kenneth Burke Society - which also publishes the KB Journal - holds a triennial conference where various papers on Burkean theory are presented. Topics have included the application of pentad analysis to increasingly high-tech communications; rhetorical analysis of the press; pentad analysis of George W. Bush's communications on the Iraq War; and much more (Burke Papers, 2006). In fact, the Kenneth Burke Society has already announced plans for a 2008 conference in Philadelphia, to ensure the application of Burke's theories continues."
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Burke's Contributions to Rhetoric, 2001.
This paper discusses Kenneth Burke's contributions to rhetoric and its importance as a communicative tool.
2,890 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 7 sources, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history of rhetoric and it's significance in early Greek and Roman civilizations that coincided with creation of democracy and the importance of public speech. It then shows Kenneth Burke's contribution to the new rhetoric as an argumentative weapon and his influence on the post-modern deconstructionism.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Section One: The Preceding Conversation
3. Section Two: Contribution to the Conversation
4. Section Three: Effect on the Conversation
5. Conclusion
From the paper:
"The word ?rhetoric? has an old fashioned air about it. It calls up images of schoolrooms with children in ruffled collars and Latin grammars and not a laptop in sight for several centuries. But rhetoric is as alive as is language itself, and this paper examines the importance of rhetorical studies in helping each of us to become the best writers and speakers ? the best communicators ? that we can be. A historical study of changes models and standards in rhetoric can also provide us not only with a sense of how linguistic and especially English style has changed over the years as well as illuminating how our conception of language and its structure and function have changed as well. This paper engages in such an examination by focusing on the work of Kenneth Burke. We begin with a brief overview of the life of this man whose rhetorical work we will then examine."
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Burke House, 2005.
This paper assesses the function of the social welfare organization, the Sarah Burke House.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 11 sources, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the goals and objectives of Burke House are to offer sanctuary, security, and services to women and families in cases of domestic violence. The author points out that these clandestine shelters are located in the New York City area. The paper relates that these shelters are designed to facilitate the transition of women and their children from homes in which they were battered to a lifestyle removed from their abuser.
From the Paper
"The Sanctuary for Families at the Sarah Burke House (Burke House) is comprised of multiple shelters that are established in the New York City area. These houses are clandestine shelters that provide a place for women and children to reside for up to 90 days. These shelters are designed to facilitate the transition of women and their children from homes in which they were battered (e.g.: physical violence and domestic violence) to a lifestyle which is removed from their abuser. Burke Houses are termed "sanctuaries" as they are removed from the public eye and provide undisclosed safe houses to families (Burke House, 2005)."
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Aristotle & Kenneth Burke on Rhetoric, 1999.
Compares philosophers' views, focusing on Aristotle's idealistic & Burke's more realistic arguments on art of rhetoric.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, £ 29.95
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From the Paper
" This study will compare and contrast the ideas of Aristotle and Kenneth Burke on rhetoric. The study will argue that Aristotle is determined arrive at a rhetoric which is based on reason and which yields an ideal portrait of the art, whereas Burke, while he deeply appreciates Aristotle, does not believe that such an ideal can be found, although he has not given up the search.
To Aristotle, language and the use of language in effective speech can bring human beings nearer and nearer their higher purpose, which is happiness as that ideal, but for Burke words and their use are much more problematic. Words for Burke are much more mysterious and playful entities than for Aristotle. For Aristotle, the broad class of the audience is what is foremost, while with Burke the reader suspects that Burke is enjoying.."
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