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The Standard English Debate, 2004.
A discussion on the multi-stranded debate on standard English in education.
2,459 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
Standard English is described as "by far the most important dialect in the English-speaking world from a social, intellectual and cultural point of view" (Trudgill 1999;123). This suggests that the debate about Standard English is a multi-stranded one. This paper demonstrates how it can be divided into: a linguistic debate, which shows the rise of standard English as a direct result of certain historical event; a socio-cultural debate, which demonstrates the way that society often shapes its attitudes on stereotypes and assumptions about attributes of a speaker and their linguistic variety and a political debate, which shows the area of language attitudes as one with which presuppositions about social class have a significant relationship.
From the Paper
""Standard English refers to the 'structure of the language, i.e. its grammar and vocabulary', but it may be 'spoken in any accent' (Perera, 1994 cited by Brindley, 1996). Since the 1950's there has been a decline in the teaching of grammar in schools. Some educationalists have interpreted criticism on prescriptive grammar as criticism of grammar teaching in general. It has been found that English students are now entering universities with little knowledge of basic grammatical terminology (Milroy and Milroy, 1991). Honey (1983) says that English language teaching is in decline and blames the discipline of linguistics for this."
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Anti-Federalists and the Constitutional Debate, 2006.
A review of the debate between the Federalists and Anti-federalists of the constitutional congress.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes the debate between the Federalists and Anti-federalists of the constitutional congress. It suggests some ongoing problems in American public life which demonstrate the main issues which drove that debate, far from being resolved during the constitution's ratification, continue to resonate in current events. This paper discusses the Ratification Debate and the major issues which drove the debate between the Federalists and the Anti-federalists: Distribution of power, protection of rights, limitations of institutions and the ongoing Relevance.
From the Paper
"In the last few days of September in 1787, the Confederation Congress met to debate and construct a new Constitution of the United States. The document they wrote and sent for ratification to the thirteen states that made up the newly-formed country was intended to replace the Articles of Confederation that had ordered the nation since its inception. The nation was reaching a crisis point, as the experiment had been going poorly. Surprisingly, perhaps, the problem was not one of the many possible economic problems that new nations are likely to experience when reconstructing after a long and difficult war. As Gordon Wood (1969) argues, the general economy was running well and people felt comfortable and even prosperous (p. 395). Rather, the concerns that brought the nation's leading politicians together were primarily political. "
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Debate Review, 2005.
An analysis of a debate on medical malpractice.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews a debate in which the proposition awards in medical liability lawsuits should be limited was debated. A general overview of the debate is provided. Main points are identified and discussed. The paper concludes with remarks on which side (pro or con) had the stronger arguments and a judgment of who ultimately won the debate is stated.
From the Paper
"Medical malpractice is a vast legal issue that affects many different populations: consumers/patients, healthcare professionals, the pharmaceutical industry, legal professionals and insurance companies. This paper will provide a review of the debate holding to the proposition: Awards in medical liability lawsuits should be limited. Starting with a high level overview of the debate, main points will be presented along with this writer's view of which side presented a stronger case and which side this writer believes won the debate. Overview of debate. Malpractice insurance rates are driving physicians and many nurse practitioners out of business. Malpractice insurance costs are just too high to allow physicians to maintain a private practice in states that do not provide for a max-cap on liability awards. Currently 27 states do and the cost of their malpractice insurance is substantially less; for example $8,000 for the same ..."
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The Debate over Legalization, 2007.
This paper discusses the debate over the use of marijuana and looks at various arguments for its legalization.
842 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer relates that there is a huge debate going on right now over marijuana. The debate is on whether or not to legalize it. This paper discusses six different reasons to support the use of marijuana use. These reasons concern federal expenditures, additional tourism benefits, free will, prohibition, politics and the criminal justice system. The writer concludes that there are a myriad of reasons for legalizing marijuana and notes that perhaps some progress will be seen on the issue in the upcoming 2008 elections.
From the Paper
"Federal law continues to prohibit marijuana, but every state ballot initiative to legalize medial marijuana has been approved, including in California, Washington, Oregon, Alaska, Colorado, Nevada, Maine, and Washington, DC. State legislatures in Vermont, Hawaii and Maryland have also followed suit and many others are considering their own medical marijuana bills including New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Illinois. Current support is often bipartisan, with Republican governors like Gary Johnson taking the lead. In New York the 2002 gubernatorial campaign, Tom Golisano, surprised everyone by campaigning heavily on the issue. The medical marijuana bill before the New York legislature is backed not just by leading Republicans, but even by some Conservative party leaders."
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Post-Debate Analysis, 2005.
This paper analyzes a debate's planning, preparation and presentation process.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, £ 13.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that a debate team is an example of a cooperative learning group. This paper describes, analyzes and evaluates the writer's contribution to the debate planning, preparation and presentation process. This contribution is examined in relation to three theoretical frameworks. Situational leadership is highly relevant for enabling a balance between task behavior and relational behavior. Chaos theory is especially useful since it emphasizes the learning process and feedback. Change theory permits the change process to be understood. The writer discusses that he/she experienced both learning and change through the debate.
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The Slavery Reparations Debate, 2002.
This paper is an imaginary debate, pro and con, to discuss the proposal by some African-Americans that they are owed reparations from the U.S. government for centuries of slavery imposed on their ancestors in the U.S..
1,590 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper is an imaginary debate regarding the Congressional Slave Reparations Bill, HR 40 IH 107th Congress, 1st Session, H.R. 40, introduced on January 3, 2001 to acknowledge the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality and inhumanity of slavery in the United States between 1619 and 1865. For example the imaginary person in favor of reparations argues that it is the way we (the African-Americans) are treated in modern America that continues the slave mentality and has forced so many of them to become criminals or to drop out of society. On the other hand, the imaginary person in against reparations argues that frustration is the basis for our current troubled society; and, even if there is some polarized relationship between whites and blacks, this idea of a Slavery Reparations Bill makes that gulf even wider and deeper. The paper continues in this manner giving a statement pro and a statement against as if it were a debate.
From the Paper
"PRO4: Of course it is. African-Americans DESERVE Compensation for past and present injustice. You don't see whites dragged down for miles on a Texas road! Blacks are the majority of prisoners on death row. Rodney King wouldn't have been beaten by the cops if he were white. SAT tests to get into colleges are still skewed toward white middle class students.
CON4: So, you're using today's prejudices to squeeze money out of the government? Where are all the upper- and middle class black professionals who run away from the inner cities as soon as they have good paying jobs? Why aren't they spearheading this Reparations drive? But, more to the point - what about Native Americans and the Chinese brought over to build the railroads as slave labor? Why limit compensation for slavery to African-Americans?
PRO5: Because we were the only ones dragged from out homelands and shipped over to America. That's a historical fact."
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The Gun Control Debate, 2004.
This paper provides an analysis of the gun control debate in America.
2,260 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, £ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines the gun control debate in the United States of America. The writer provides a review of the studies that relate to that debate. The history of gun control as an issue in American society is discussed in this paper. The writer argues that gun control policies should not be expanded and presents both sides of the control argument.
From the Paper
"Gun control has been a prominent issue in American politics since Revolutionary War. The Founding Fathers gave American citizens the right to bear arms in the Second Amendment to the Constitution. The debate over the government's ability to regulate the sale and use of guns can be most simply stated as a fundamental conflict between the rights of the citizen versus the need of the government to assure public safety. Opponents of gun control believe that any infringement of an individual's right to bear arms is unconstitutional and ... "
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The Convergence-Divergence Debate in Business, 2004.
A critical analysis of the convergence-divergence debate in international management and human resource management and a consideration of globalisation critiques and alternative theories.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how a critical issue in international and comparative human resource management (HRM) studies concerns the perception that 'globalisation' is creating convergence (or contingency) in business and industrial relations practices. It looks at how academic debate centres on the crucial argument of whether convergence is an increasing phenomenon, fuelled by globalisation, or, in reality, the opposite is true - that national cultures and institutions are a unique force for perpetuating diversity and divergence. Consideration is given to contemporary sources that analyse the convergence-divergence debate in HRM and international management.
From the Paper
"The convergence perspective originated from the work of Kerr et al (1960), which stated that organisations' use of functional specialisation would increasingly create a convergent dynamic for business - leading to a common structuring of the workforce within and across countries, based on technological changes and work systems. Beardwell and Holden (2001) note the convergent similarities in car production plants worldwide, echoing the findings of Mueller and Purcell (1992), that see globalising forces as a key factor in converging operational and management processes. Ritzer (1998) also applies the convergent paradigm to his studies into fast-food businesses and society. 'The McDonaldization Thesis' illustrates the way multinationals use and perpetuate convergence in order to homogenise working practices, business processes and human resource management for increased economies of scale and competitive advantage."
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The Ongoing Debate over Distribution of Powers, 2002.
This paper discusses the ongoing debate in Canada over the distribution of powers in the federal system.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the ongoing debate in Canada over the distribution of powers in the federal system. It shows how the role of Quebec has played a prominent role in this debate. The force of neo-liberalism, meanwhile, has influenced the position taken by the federal state in its relations with the provinces. In this way, we see how the role of Quebec and neo-liberalism are related to one another.
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Common Fallacies in Debate, 2006.
An overview of different fallacies commonly used in debate with examples that illustrate the fallacies.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, £ 13.95
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Abstract
This paper is an overview of sixteen common fallacies used in debate. The paper provides two examples of each in the hopes that students can better discern these fallacies when they emerge in debate and/or in academic literature. As a useful point, these examples can also be used to highlight the partisanship of leading politicians eager to spread their own agenda.
From the Paper
"Ad Hominem: personal attacks of any kind are ad hominem attacks. Two examples would be Al Franken's loud denunciations of Bill O'Reilly and others while another would be someone dismissing George W. Bush's policies because he is (allegedly) "stupid". Ad Populum: Two examples of ad populum fallacies would be recent gall-up polls showing weak support for the war in Iraq and/or an argument that insists that "most people" do not want gay marriage or an end to abortion."
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C. Emory Burton's "The Poverty Debate", 2005.
This paper reviews the first two chapters of C. Emory Burton's "The Poverty Debate: Politics and the Poor in America", which provides a coherent analysis of this problem.
830 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 0 sources, £ 15.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that C. Emory Burton in "The Poverty Debate: Politics and the Poor in America" defines poverty as the point at which the individual or family unit is no longer able to sufficiently provide itself with the essentials of life. The author points out that Burton states (1) that the vast majority of the poor do not enjoy most of the benefits of "in kind" distributions, (2) that poverty should be measured in relation to the U.S. standard of living and (3) that the effects of poverty are insidious and far reaching. The paper relates that Burton's arguments are convincing although a bit too left-leaning and a number of his claims seem questionable.
From the Paper
"In chapter two, Burton addresses the theory of a "culture of poverty" in which those who are classified as poor are actually, in large part, to blame for their own circumstances. What the theory proposes is that those in poverty have characteristics which perpetuate and insure their condition. Be it a low interest in education, little work ethic, no desire to improve themselves, unwillingness to take responsibility, or the inability to plan ahead or look toward the future, these individuals have personal flaws which keep them in a state of poverty."
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The Nature-Nurture Debate, 2004.
A critical assessment of the nature-nurture debate with reference to a variety of domains within psychology.
1,453 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
Nature vs. nurture has been a long-standing debate since the 17th century and refers to the degrees in which a person's natural human experiences influence a persons' physical and behavioural traits as opposed to environmental influences. This paper looks into a variety of different theories from different fields of psychology, from cognitive to biological and developmental and critically assesses the issues involved.
From the Paper
"Ideas from a biological theory has advanced and evolved from many years, and will probably continue. Research has proved that sex hormones are a cause of our behaviour but according to a book by Gisela Kaplan and Lesley J Rogers 'Gene Worship' proves otherwise. They state that the brain controls the amount of sex hormones secreted into the blood. Most of the times at a stable range but from time to time these vary, especially at different times of the day for women, allowing sex hormones through the blood fairy quickly. Stress and experiences has an affect on the brains control of these hormone levels altering levels of Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Hormone released from the pituitary gland, proving that sex hormones in the blood can change in response to the external environment. "
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The Abortion Debate, 2006.
A look at both sides of the abortion debate.
983 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 17.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a brief summary of arguments on both sides of the abortion debate and expresses the hope that, ultimately, both sides will be able to objectively evaluate the issue and, following the democratic philosophy of this country, determine an answer that is best for the common good.
From the Paper
"Those who offer rebuttal to this life-at-conception philosophy, state that there is "life" from the moment of conception in the sense that it is a biological entity that alters food and oxygen into energy and its cells divide and grow. However, the truer question is whether it is a "person"? There the disagreement comes. Webster's Dictionary defines a person as "an individual or existing as an indivisible whole; existing as a distinct entity." From the moment of conception, the living entity does not have a human consciousness nor is it physically independent. Thus, abortion is not murder, because it is not an independent person."
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The Public School Choice Debate, 2007.
This paper presents a detailed examination of the school choice debate, with a focus on the Zelman vs. Simmons-Harris case.
3,545 words (approx. 14.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper uses the well known Zelman vs Simmons-Harris case to discuss the ways this case changed the public school choice debate.
The paper discusses the separation of church and state and the severing of the link between religion and public education. The paper looks at public education alternatives, such as charter schools, magnet schools and home schools and the reasons behind the implementation of a school voucher program. The paper reveals that the nation viewed the Zelman vs. Simmons-Harris case as the test to try the legal boundary between church and state. The paper provides a literature review on the details and ruling of this case.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
From the Paper
"For many years, public schools have abided by the separation of church and state that has been held as a measurement of truth in government since the public school system began. Generational changes have taken place with each passing lifetime that have continued to move schools away from any hint of religious belief or preference."
"Whereas years ago students were taught to read and write using bible verses, and their school singing lessons came in the form of church hymns, those elements of public school were systematically removed until the nation was left with the system it has today, which for all intents and purposes there is no link between religion and public education."
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