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Americans of African and Asian Decent, 2007.
A comparison and contrast of the immigrant experiences of African-Americans and Asian-Americans.
895 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights the commonalities and differences in the immigration and integration process of African and Asian-Americans. The focus is on the hardships endured by both groups. The author points out how both groups endured difficult voyages to reach America, although the Chinese paid a fee to come while the blacks were brought against their will. Also illustrated is the racism both groups endured upon their arrival to America, which often included violence. The author concludes that although both groups have gained freedom and rights in modern America, they still face prejudice and racism in various parts of their lives.
From the Paper
"Asian Americans and African Americans both had to immigrate to the United States, they were not native to the area. African Americans were some of the first immigrants to arrive; most of them were initially brought here against their will to serve as slaves in both the North and South of the eastern United States. There are records of slaves and free blacks living in the U.S. in the 1700s and by the early1800s, there were thousands of blacks working as slaves on the great plantations of the South."
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Complicating Racism: Africans, Asians and Whites in Canada., 2002.
A discussion on racism and prejudice in Canada in terms of minority groups such as Aboriginals and Asians.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This essay will explore the complications of discussing race and racism in terms of other groups such as Aboriginals and Asians. I would argue that the prejudice directed against people of African heritage is of a fundamentally different order than that directed at other groups such as Asians. This fact suggests the inadequacies of racism as a broad concept, and indicates the need for a more careful revision of this concept.
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Targeting the African-, Hispanic-, and the Asian-American Consumers, 2002.
This paper looks at the ways in which companies can branch out their consumer marketing.
1,522 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper identifies and analyzes the characteristics of these three consumer market groups and then discusses ways in which marketers can use those characteristics to profitable advantage. The writer employs statistics to give a numerical focus to the population in the United States today, outlining characteristics of each population and giving marketing strategies for reaching each consumer group.
From the Paper
"The best way to reach these immigrants (and their potential dollars) is through the distribution of radio commercials and staff-produced stories on Spanish-language radio programs. Moreover, because the country at large expects strong increases in the Hispanic people, media companies are spending large amounts of money hiring consultants to help them do a better job of reaching Hispanics (Medina, Saegert, & Gresham, 1996)."
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African Americans and Native Africans, 2002.
A comparison of the different sub-cultures of the African American minority group in the United States.
2,370 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history and culture of the recent immigrants to the United States from Africa and the Caribbean. It details how these immigrants are labeled as "African Americans" and lumped into the same sub-culture as the veteran African American population of the United States since the slave-trade. These two population groups are compared for their manners, cultures and social norms. A history of African immigration to America is provided.
From the Paper
"The African Americans, or Black Americans as they are called, are the largest minority group in the United States, after the Hispanic Americans. This is a racial group whose ancestry is believed to be from the sub-Saharan Africa. However, there are some African Americans who claim to have their roots from the European immigrants, Native American or the Asians. In general the African American populations is usually referred to as Negroes, blacks and Afro-Americans. "
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African Poverty and the Bankruptcy of African Leadership, 2005.
Examines poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa and the failure of African leaders to enact strong economic and agricultural policies geared towards change in the region.
1,734 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates that African leaders have contributed significantly to the growing problems of poverty in the Sub-Saharan African region by failing to address endemic problems of embezzlement, bribery, corruption, and nepotism. The paper also shows that many of these leaders are unable to institute effective economic and agricultural development policies geared towards uplifting the African people from their current state of poverty to that of self-reliance.
From the Paper
"From time to time, some parts of Africa are prone to drought, but this paper takes the position that drought constitutes a very negligible aspect of the problem of poverty in Africa. Technological innovation could be adopted to deal with the issue of drought as has been demonstrated in Israel. The core problem in Africa is bad government and poor management of the peoples' resources. Africa holds the majority of the world's natural resources, but the continent is suffering from a leadership crisis that is basically symptomatic of all the African states."
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The Great Asian Meltdown, 2006.
An analysis of the boom and bust in the Asian economies over the 1980s and 1990s, commonly known as the "Asian Miracle" and "Asian Meltdown".
2,678 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper posits that the British media suppressed reporting of the Asian Meltdown because of British leaders' involvement in the crisis. It reviews the crisis itself, when the Thai currency, the baht, failed, and a domino chain of other Southeast Asian currencies followed. The paper then examines the Asian Miracle of the 1980s, and shows that the seeds for the later failure were planted then. It shows how the IMF (International Monetary Fund) bailout of the banks exacerbated and prolonged the crisis. The writer contrasts the Asian and American economic models of investment, especially debt to equity ratios, and the intervention of speculators. In conclusion, the writer blames corruption and greed as the root causes of the crisis.
Sections:
Thesis Statement
The Admissions Statement of the BBC
The Origins of the Crisis
Other Factors to Consider in "From Miracle to Crisis"
What Defines the Asian Miracle
The US Observation of the Miracle
Debt and Corruption - The Handmaiden of Speculation
Reform and Conclusions
From the Paper
"Among US observers, the "Asian Miracle," aroused both awe and fear, especially in the 1980s when Asian countries became formidable US competitors. Japan, which has now become the world's second most powerful economy after the US made sharp inroads into US domestic automobile and electronics' markets during the decade. Fierce competition with Japan and other Asian countries contributed to the yawning US trade deficits - when the value of US imports exceeds the value of its exports - and fueled a wave of protectionist sentiment in the US Congress.
"Moreover, this economic war between the US and Japan triggered and embolden the European Common Market by allowing it to form alliances on the mainland that became strong, strong competitive factors that were beginning to leave the British behind because of their reluctance to join the EU as a full partner. This, of course was over the currency issue raging between Conservative and Liberal parliaments and has yet to be settled.
"Southeast Asia's success seemed to vindicate certain economic policies that the US had largely shunned. Those policies gave Asian governments a large hand in shaping the marketplace. Asian bureaucrats took a leadership role in promoting certain industries and businesses and maturing them with tax credits or outright subsidies. Rather than allow the ravages of the free market to determine which businesses should succeed government leaders picked winners and ensured their prosperity."
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Pan-Africanism, 2006.
This paper discusses the history and goals of the Pan-Africanism movement.
1,550 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, during the 1900s, Africa had suffered from the repressive establishment of colonialism by European countries, racial discrimination, and slavery. The author points out that, in response to this oppression, the African people created a political and social movement called Pan-Africanism. The paper relates that one of the goals of this movement was to unite native Africans and those of African decent that were forced to leave Africa. The author cites that, in 1900, the first Pan-African conference was organized and American Dr. William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B.) Du Bois was selected as chairman. The paper states that, at the end of World War II, a new wave of Pan-Africanism was formed with, for the first time, a militant demand for complete independence instead of virtuous proposals. The author concludes that the Pan-African movement improved the standards of living for Africans and gave them more political and economic power.
From the Paper
"Another event that helped Pan-Africanism gain popularity was the Italian Fascist and occupation of Ethiopia between 1935 and 1941. Italy launched an invasion in Ethiopia, without any Ethiopian provocation in October 1935. Italy succeeded in overtaking Ethiopian towns and main roads. Ethiopians refused to surrender and fought back against the Italians. Italian leader, Benito Mussolini, ordered Italian troops to fight back using whatever measure necessary, including poison gas. The Ethiopians resisted giving up and the Italians were unable to defeat the Ethiopian Patriots."
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African Cultural Retention, 2008.
This paper explores the question: Are African Americans destroying African culture?
765 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that African culture retention is noticeable in many aspects of the American lifestyle. The author points out that the African heritage for U.S. blacks survived the vicious system of slavery, despite attempts to remove remnants of African culture from the slaves and to instill a European/white culture so that they could be more accepting of their situation. The paper relates that some distorted cultural practices such as violence, sometimes labeled as "African", are not even remotely related to any kind of link with the cultural diversity of the African continent. The author concludes that the issue of African cultural retention and the destruction of the African-American society is so intertwined that it is sometimes hard to examine them separately.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Tenets of African Culture In the United States
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The retention component has also been used to damage the influence of African culture; for example acts of violence or family structure, and or social interactions have sometimes been linked to the African culture, or the travesty of slavery, or even more so, the cultural practices in Africa concerning relationships, marriage, and relationships. Liberating African American cultural identity will show that the African influence or content of this identity, although not in a pure form, offers a significant amount of positive influences."
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Pan-Africanism, 2007.
A discussion on black African philosophy and Pan-Africanism.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Pan-Africanism is a philosophy or belief that African people have a common bond and share common objectives, aimed ultimately at unifying themselves on their own continent as a dignified race. It points out that the belief has pertained to all black Africans and their descendants in the African continent, including the non-Blacks, and later, those outside the continent. It explores their attempts at expressing a common African personality and coming together as a nation and as one race on their own continent, especially during the period between World War I and World War II.
Outline:
Introduction
Review of Literature
Method
Summary of Findings and Conclusion
From the Paper
"This source describes Pan-Africanism as a socio-political viewpoint and movement for the unification and uplifting of all Africans within the African Continent and outside or those in African diaspora into one global community. It was first conceived of by Henry Sylvester Williams to cover Africans in the Continent and then later broadened to include those throughout the world. Pan-Africanism started in the West Indies, not Africa, and was coined by Williams for his 1900 Pan-African Congress. The leading and largest pan-African movement in the world is the UNIA-ACL organization, founded by Marcus Garvey, an Afro-Jamaican, in Kingston, Jamaica in 1912. His advocacy spread to the United States, specifically to Harlem, New York where he set up his headquarters in 1914. It re-examines African history from a pro-African perspective rather than from a pro-European's and restores traditional African concepts and culture. Other pan-African organizations are Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association-African Communities League, Trans-Africa and the Internal Peoples Democratic Uhuru Movement. It is, however, criticized for ignoring or downplaying cultural and ethnic differences and socio-political circumstances among Black peoples worldwide."
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The African Union, 2008.
This paper researches the successes and failures of the African Union in addressing the needs of African countries.
4,581 words (approx. 18.3 pages), 16 sources, APA, £ 82.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that although the continent of Africa is rich in resources and possibilities, certain countries on the continent have experienced a great deal of political and social unrest. The paper explains that to combat some of the issues facing the continent of Africa, the African Union was created. The paper explores the successes and failures of the African Union and focuses on what needs to be done to improve its effectiveness.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Synopsis of the African Union
Successes of the African Union
Failures of the African Union
Improvements to the African Union
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to Melber (2001) the formation of the African Union on 11 July 2000 was a constitutive act implemented by the 36th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government. This act mandated ratification by at least two-thirds of the 53 members of the Organization of African Unity. By the time the Lusaka Summit took place in July 2001, 50 member states had agreed upon the document and the African Union was created."
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Wole Soyinka's "Myth, Literature and the African World", 1994.
This paper reviews Wole Soyinka's "Myth, Literature and the African World" on the importance of stories emphasizing African identity based on African experience without comparison to European experience.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, £ 32.95
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From the Paper
"The central theme of Wole Soyinka's "Myth, Literature and the African World" is that the most important myths and literature in Africa are those which allow Africans to understand and appreciate their lives and history without comparing it in some way to the European experience. Soyinka writes that his book is concerned with eliciting from history, mythology and literature, for the benefit of both genuine aliens and alienated Africans, a continuing process of self-apprehension whose temporary dislocation appears to have persuaded many of its non-existence or its irrelevance . . . in contemporary world reality.
In other words, Africans have let the European world convince them that their culture was somehow inferior to that of ... "
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Asian-American Literature, 2004.
This paper reviews Asian-American history and provides a course outline for incorporating Asian-American literature studies into middle-school or high-school coursework.
2,320 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Asian-American literature, which has grown considerably over the last several decades, is considered one of the subdivisions of multicultural literature. The author points out that scholarly and popular interest in Asian-American literature is of recent vintage, having found its direct roots in student activism at San Francisco State and the University of California, Berkeley in the late 1960s, which resulted in the creation of interdisciplinary ethnic studies programs; today, courses in Asian-American literature are common throughout U.S. higher education. The paper relates that Asian-American literature is an oft-contested field due to the wide variety of cultures and backgrounds in the Asian-Americans culture; however, this variety of backgrounds has given rise to writings reflective of cross-generational concerns and styles.
Table of Contents
Introduction
History
Course Outline
Course Abstract
Fiction
Group Project
Single Project
Survey
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When considering the history of Asian-American literature, it is necessary to also look at the history of those who came to the United States since its formation. In reviewing the Asian-American literature, it is also important to note the history of Asian immigration to the United States. The Chinese first started immigrating to the United States during the mid- to late-1860s, as part of the gold rush. They provided cheap labor for farms and the transcontinental railroad. Other Asian groups joined them during this same time to work in the Hawaiian sugar plantations or California farm fields. The Asians were recognized as second-class citizens from their very first days in the country. However, they still had to contribute 50 percent of the taxes collected in California between 1850 and 1870 because of the Foreign Miners Tax of 1850. Other discriminatory events included the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1885, which initiated a ban on Chinese immigration."
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African Cultural Retention, 2008.
This paper argues that African cultures were retained in the US and that African cultures did and continue to impact the dominant U.S. culture.
1,040 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that it is inaccurate to assume that there are no discernible African cultures left in the USA and that, because of the relatively small numbers of slaves bought to such a large country, all traces of African cultures were destroyed. The author points out that enslaved Africans from the same areas tended to be geographically situated together in the U.S. so that they were able to retain aspects of their individual cultures. The paper relates that Sheila Walker takes issue with the notion that European settlers "built" the U.S. and then imported some African slaves to perform manual labor for them. The paper underscores that she believes that the slaves bought to the U.S. were not ignorant, unskilled laborers but rather slave traders deliberately sought out people with skills, which the U.S. needed to help build the country.
Table of Contents:
False Assumptions
The Arguments of Sheila Walker
From the Paper
"She also points out that Africans must have made a major contribution to American society, history and culture, given that they comprised the numerical majority for the duration of the modern history of the Americas, until 1820. For example, out of those coming to the USA in 1820, 3 out of 4 new arrivals were African, not European. With this kind of demographic weight, it follows that the contributions of African minds and cultural presence had to be an important ingredient in the very creation of the Americas. Walker also points out that Howard Dodson backs her up on this theory and that he believes that the transatlantic slave trade played a central, defining role in the making of the modern world."
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"Africa and Africans", 2006.
This paper reviews and critiques the overt generalizations in Paul Boahnnan and Philip Curtin's book "Africa and Africans," which was written to dispel certain myths about the African people and culture.
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper focuses on the overtly condescending style of writing in "Africa and Africans' by Paul Boahnnan and Philip Curtin. An example of this style of writing can be seen by the fact that the authors blame the African people for their wasteful method of farming and the resulting food crisis. This paper details the manners in which the authors stereotype and over generalize in their description of African culture, art, society, religion and other lifestyle factors. The writer of this paper describes each chapter of the book and points out if and where the authors misrepresented certain facts. While the original intent of the authors was to dispel various myths of the African people and their culture, this paper proves why the opposite result was achieved.
From the Paper
"Chapter two reiterates American ignorance in the opening sentence, wherein the authors state, "Africa is a part of the world about which Americans and Europeans can no longer afford to be ignorant." Although ignorance surrounding this continent does indeed seem prevalent across the Western Hemisphere, it is a mistake to assume that all Americans and Europeans are ignorant. However, this chapter becomes less controversial as it evenly describes the actual land and its geographical compositions, instead of general and populous compositions. Still, it seems paradoxical that the authors, while writing in hostile undertones of American ignorance, admit that much of the continent is navigable, due to its swells and basins; hence, it seems that the ignorance is more widespread than the asserted limitations to Americans and Europeans."
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