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The American-Japanese Relationship, 2000.
This paper discusses the history, which led to the formation of the American-Japanese alliance, the partnership itself in terms of its socio-cultural, economic and geopolitical dimensions and the prospects for the future.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 19 sources, MLA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the kind of partnership, which was forged between these two nations following Japan's defeat in the Second World War, is unprecedented, an unlikely alliance between conqueror and conquered, an unequal alliance that places both parties in a position of advantage. The author points out that a major social factor influencing American-Japanese relations is the sense of insecurity and vulnerability, which the Japanese have, being subject to earthquakes, typhoons, tidal waves and the possibility of domination by nations with greater military strength; whereas, to the Japanese, the high degree of self-confidence displayed by Americans comes across as being "mindless arrogance". The paper relates that the Japan's phenomenal economic growth in the span of a single generation, owing largely to its 1960 "income-doubling program", has raised serious problems for the American-Japanese relationship, especially since it was paralleled by a slow decline in the American economy up until the 1980s.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Historical Overview
Social and Cultural Dimensions
Economic Dimensions
Geopolitical Dimensions
Conclusion: The Future of U.S.-Japanese Relations
From the Paper
"U.S.-Japanese relations date back to the middle of the nineteenth century, when, in 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry sailed into Tokyo Bay and opened up Japan to trade with the West. The U.S.-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce, signed in 1857, not only gave the United States an immediate advantage over its Western competitors, but also had the profound effect of re-instating the Japanese Emperor and launching Japan on the road to modernization. A more serious consequence, however, was Japan's emerging imperialist ambitions, which were early demonstrated in its launching of the Sino-Japanese War (1895-1895) with its resultant acquisition of Taiwan as well as in its success in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) and subsequent annexation of Korea (1910) and Manchuria (1931). "
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The Americanization of Japanese Culture, 2002.
Examines four different aspects of the Japanese culture to explain the process of "Americanization" of Japanese culture.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, £ 33.95
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Abstract
The following paper is an analysis on the 'Americanization' of Japanese culture. Four distinct areas of culture will be analyzed, and in turn, some general analysis will be presented in terms of assigning the causes for this trend. In particular, focus will be given toward understanding how this process must be understood with the 'transformation of identity' that had been taking place in this context.
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Comparative Management: American and Japanese, 2001.
A comparative look at American and Japanese management practices.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 5 sources, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the various management practices of the Americans and the Japanese. The author examines issues such as hiring, evaluation and promotion, decision-making and communication in these two cultures.
From the Paper
"Managerial reality is not an absolute; rather it is socially and culturally determined. Managers, of any nationality, do not make decisions in a vacuum. Much of the way in which managers think, behave and make decisions is influenced by countless factors determined by cultural background. Management styles tend to reflect cultural norms; those of society at large and the more specific culture of a particular organization."
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Identity Denial and the Canadian and American Japanese, 2008.
A discussion of the phenomenon of identity denial directed at Canadian and American Japanese.
1,220 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper examines prejudice attitudes towards Japaneses Canadians and Americans. It claims that they often report experiencing estrangement and 'identity denial' by their fellow citizens. The paper draws upon history and literature to illustrate this phenomenon. It discusses the Japanese internment in the US during WWII, Sapna Cheryan and Benoit Monin's article "Where are You Really From? - Asian Americans and Identity Denial", and Joy Kogawa's novel "Obasan".
From the Paper
"Prejudice may still exist in Canada concerning people of Japanese descent, along with occasional prejudice faced by all newer communities, as may be part of the human process of resettlement, as in Irish immigrants or yore to face considerable ostracism as did members of some Eastern European communities. Early arrivals from China certainly faced ostracism and in central Canada report that they no longer feel a 'visible' minority, the community having developed over time its place in the mainstream, distinction remaining between persons of Chinese origin long established in Canada or those seen as recent arrivals. The point made is that some differentiation or exclusion may be part of the way of the world, more than overt racism, significant only if it produces direct abuse as opposed to exclusion. Then again Kogawa refers to a British Columbia where anti-Japanese and just anti-East Asian racism does seem to have been in place. World War II and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour had pitched feeling against a visible and concentrated community that was not well known to others and suspected of pro-Japanese sympathies. The day was one of racialist thought too, distinct from racism, and lingering belief in a 'yellow peril' resulting from unregulated Asian immigration. Films, hearsay and ordinary ignorance encouraged a generalizing of Asian peoples as though all engaged in secret society activities, in a Fu Manchu motif carried from people of one origin to another."
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Culture of American and Japanese Youth, 2002.
This paper looks into the ways in which youths are influenced by culture. The writer asserts that the level of influence differs greatly between Japanese and American adolescents.
842 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
Culture gives or teaches a person the acceptable behavior patterns, influences a society's arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought. The writer uses this definition of culture in asserting that Japanese youth have a strong sense of culture passed down through ancient ritual and respect for elders. The paper further proves that American youth do not have this strong tie to the past.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Youth and Universal Phenomena
Peer Group Identification
Identity
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A study was conducted in which high school ages youth were asked to rank probable professions and there level of prestige. When the questionnaire was first done, they were identical; the question written in English, then translated into Japanese. The researchers found that in this area, cultural aspects played an important role. Most of the Americanized questions were misunderstood or not relevant to the Japanese youth. The questionnaires had to be redone in order to conduct the survey (Ramsey and Smith 476). However, once the questionnaires were properly done, the two groups showed striking similarities, the top five of each set of youth sharing four of the same occupations. The four shared were College Professor, Medical Doctor, Lawyer, and Corporate Executive, all have high pay and social status in common (Ibid 477)."
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The US And Japanese Economic Relationship, 2002.
Presents information about the economic relationship between the U.S. and Japan and looks at future consequences of this relationship.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 8 sources, £ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper presents facts and theories associated with the US and Japanese economic relationship over the past decade and also explores the future outcomes of their relationship.
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Japanese American Women, 2002.
A study of Japanese American women at the beginning of Japanese immigration to the U.S.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper explores immigration and new life in America for Japanese American women during the earliest years of Japanese immigration. Issues studied are the family, and attitudes of and effects on the women.
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Japanese-Americans and America in Literature, 2008.
This paper discusses the relationship of Japanese-Americans to America
as portrayed in 'No-No Boy' by John Okada and 'Nisei Daughter' by Monica Sone.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that on February 19, 1942, following the bombing of Pearl Harbor by Japanese troops, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, setting into motion the mass internment of over 110,000 Japanese-Americans in camps throughout the continental U.S. without trial or charge. Long the victims of racial discrimination, these Japanese-Americans found themselves the targets of an entire nation's hostilities during the war. The writer points out that this act of mass exclusion by the United States prompted very different reactions among the Japanese-American community, key examples of which are found in Monica Sone's 'Nisei Daughter' and John Okada's 'No-no Boy'. The writer discusses that these books, written in the 1950s, after the Japanese internment had ended, present two diametrically opposite responses to the internment of Japanese-American citizens, and explore the newly emerging relationship between Japanese-Americans and the United States in the post-war era.
From the Paper
"Continuing where Nisei Daughter left off, but diverging sharply in its portrayal of the Japanese-American experience in the United States, No-No Boy traces the attempts made by Ichiro Yamada, a Japanese American internee who declined to serve in the U.S. army, and the novels central character, to integrate into American society following his internment and consequential imprisonment. The book explores the failure of Japanese American integration in the racially charged aftermath of the Second World War, and is unique in that it develops almost exclusively within the confines of Japanese American culture, where discrimination manifests itself even within the same race."
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Japanese and American Business Dealings, 2008.
An analysis of the different emphasis placed on business dealings between American and Japanese businessmen.
851 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the different approaches and focuses of American and Japanese businessmen during business negotiations. It particularly explores the emphasis the Japanese place upon fostering "harmony" in business dealings and how they perceive the business meeting between two sides as not a time for further negotiation, but as an opportunity for both sides to express their commitment to the deal brokered. It then discusses how these different focuses can affect business relations between the two parties.
From the Paper
"To close, the preceding several pages have outlined how it may be possible for an American firm to negotiate in good faith with a Japanese company, secure valued concessions - and, ultimately, lose the deal or the cherished business relationship. Quite simply, the Japanese view business meetings and business arrangements in a way that is markedly different from the way Americans view them, and any U.S. firm which places bottom-line considerations before the building of personal and professional relationships is setting itself up for failure."
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Japanese-American Internment, 2007.
An ethnographic survey of Japanese-American internment during the Second World War.
4,400 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 17 sources, MLA, £ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II by comparing this action with the freedom experienced by German-Americans during the same period. The author questions the inherent racism of Americans that enabled such an occurrence to be legally sanctioned, while German-Americans lived their lives freely, although Hitler and Germany were also enemies of America during World War II. The paper then presents a detailed background of the Japanese immigrant experience in America, contrasting this with the American ideal of freedom and the reality of racism. The experiences of African and Native-Americans are also considered. The paper then describes the actual Japanese internment, which was unprecedented event in American history. The paper further states how the Internment still has an effect on the psyche of the Japanese-American population today. The author concludes that the internment of Japanese-Americans during the Second World War was one of the great tragedies of American history.
Outline:
Introduction
Background: The Japanese Experience in America
Prejudice Unleashed: The Internment Experience
Conclusion
From the Paper
" Naturally, the situation was worse the further removed from the Anglo-Saxon ideal a group might chance to be. After the Civil War, the newly reunited nation demanded a huge supply of cheap labor to build its rapidly expanding railroad network. In the West, this labor was provided, to a large extent, by settlers from Japan and China. Labor Contractors, generally Japanese or Chinese themselves actively recruited these workers and brought them to America. They helped to lay the foundations of America's industrial prosperity. White American racial attitudes combined with a nationwide railroad strike in 1877 to create the necessary conditions for a crackdown on Asian immigration. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was soon followed by other, stricter acts, in 1892, 1902, and 1904. And as White America saw little, if any difference, between Japanese and any other Asians, the anti-Chinese immigration laws were followed by a Japanese Exclusion Act in 1907. By 1924, the United States had imposed an almost total ban on all immigration from East Asia, ..."
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Intermarriage Among Japanese-Americans, 2000.
An examination of the history, incidence, legal, social and personal effects of Japanese-American women marrying non-Japanese-American men.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, £ 27.95
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From the Paper
"Intermarriage is one sign of the assimilation of a foreign population in their new country. Such marriages, however, often encounter numerous difficulties, from discrimination to cultural tensions between the husband and wife. Racial intermarriage involves the added difficulty of different racial backgrounds, which also create instances of discrimination and problems fitting into the community. The marriages of Japanese women and American men constitute one such intermarried population facing particular problems and issues.
When the Japanese started arriving in the United States in the 1890s, anger about the Chinese was simply transferred to the newcomers, and the focus of hostility and agitation against the Japanese was in California, as had been the case with hostility toward the Chinese. This was also where most of the continental Japan..."
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Japanese-American Internment in the U.S., 1978.
This paper discusses Japanese-American Internment in the U.S. from 1942 To 1946: The Santa Anita Assembly Center, Manzanar Relocation Center, origins and functions, legalities,security vs. racism question and Japanese-American loss of rights and propert
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, £ 54.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to analyze the origins and functions of the Santa Anita Assembly Center and the Manzanar Relocation Center as used in the internment of Japanese-Americans from 1942 to 1946.
Three months after Pearl Harbor, General DeWitt, Commanding General of the Western Defense Command, designated Military Area 1 as including the three Pacific coastal states and the southern half of Arizona. Japanese aliens were to be excluded from this area. A period of voluntary evacuation began:
On March 30, three thousand people of Japanese ancestry were ordered to evacuate the Terminal Island area in Los Angeles Harbor by April 5 and
move to the assembly center at Santa Anita.. ... "
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Internment of Japanese Americans, 2004.
This paper discusses the American policy in forcibly relocating Japanese Americans during World War II.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 18 sources, £ 82.95
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Abstract
This article examines the causes and consequences of Executive Order 9066 during World War II that incarcerated Japanese Americans, as well as Japanese residents. The writer argues that the American policy in forcibly relocating Japanese Americans to the hinterland was tragically flawed, but post-war redress made some amends for the injustice involved.
From the Paper
"This research paper summarizes the principal causes and consequences of the massive exclusion and evacuation of Japanese Americans (J.A.s) during World War II from the West Coast and their relocation to remote internment camps in the interior. J.A.s were forcibly removed transported and incarcerated by the United States Government. Approximately two-thirds of them were Nisei persons of Japanese descent who were born in America and therefore were American citizens and the remainder Issei J.A.s who were immigrants from Japan ... "
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Japanese and American Players, 2005.
Examines the problem of finding common ground with regards to Japanese players in American baseball leagues and vice versa.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Americans playing for Japanese leagues, and Japanese playing for American leagues. Through the years there has been a great deal of cultural tension, yet, through baseball these tensions are beginning to change. The paper shows that Japanese players in the American baseball leagues are making a significant cultural impact. Americans playing in Japan are affecting the culture as well.
From the Paper
"Research indicates that in 1934 Babe Ruth led a group of professional American players to tour Japan. During that visit the Japanese were so impressed by the players, and the game, that they began to form their own leagues within a few years. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Japanese baseball was not considered seriously by professional athletes. Furthermore, there were no suggestions that Americans play for Japanese teams. Yet, as time progressed, and tensions eased between the two countries, some American players began to consider that the Japanese leagues might be where they belonged in the sport. It was also true that American managers decided to take a chance at working in the realm of Japanese baseball. And, as the world has begun to change, Japanese players have been enticed to attempt to play in the American baseball leagues."
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