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American Isolationist Policies, 2007.
This paper examines the effects of America becoming more isolationist in its economic and foreign policies.
3,025 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This analysis examines the current isolationist policies adopted by the United States with regards to its foreign policy agenda. The paper examines when the current American attitude towards isolationism began and the considerations that led to this trend. The paper provides a detailed cost and benefits analysis of these policies. The paper notes the economic, political, militaristic and social benefits of the current isolationist policy for the United States but reveals that they are all short lived. The paper contends that for the government to continue this policy at the cost of engendering international alienation and condemnation is unthinkable.
From the Paper
"The first and most obvious question to consider, is when the current American attitude towards isolationism began. After all, it was a strong consideration for world affairs and multilateral cooperatives that resulted in the Allies victory in World War II. Even in the decades after, American interest in containing the Communist bloc led to unprecedented creations of multilateral protectionism and aid agreements. No defining events seems obvious that would attribute the current state of isolationist policy to something tangible and concrete. Sanford Ungar noted in a research analysis in 1985 that "the United States is estranged from the world - separate, aloof more alone than even the most cynical of pessimistic observers might have predicted in the heyday of American postwar power" (Ungar, 120). Ungar's research indicates that as early as 1982, with Reaganomics still the foundation of economic recovery in America, the country's foreign policy approach turned decisively isolationist."
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Isolationist Policies and September 11th, 2002.
A look at the impact of September 11th on the policies of the Bush administration.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper assesses how the events of September 11th have resulted in drastic changes within Bush's cabinet, especially in respect to discontinuing many of the isolationist policies that were evident before the attacks took place.
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United Nations Policy Formulation and Policy Implementation, 2004.
Provides an overview of United Nations policy formulation and policy implementation in the context of international public administration organizations.
1,478 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines, through a literature review, instances of policies that were developed and not effectively carried out, as well as recent requirements for the formulation of policies put into place at the UN. It looks at how a sustained public information campaign is extremely important for the success of the UN?s attempt to reinvent its system of policy formulation and policy implementation due to all the ?bad news?, including terrorism and war and AIDS, etc., dominating the TV and print news agencies.
From the Paper
"There are myriad examples of the UN?s good work ? in many and diverse areas where there are desperate human needs throughout the world ? and also, on the other hand, there is no shortage of evidence that some policies, although they were drawn up with the best of intentions, failed in their mission, or were thwarted either through no direct fault of the UN, or because the UN?s policy implementation could not match the promises in the policy formulation. One example of the apparent failure of a policy which was to be implemented was recently reported by the British Medical Journal (Tayal, 2003). The journal claimed that a UN policy designed to tackle the health and human rights needs of ?indigenous people? ? a policy which was formulated in 1995 ? has not been very effective in its implementation."
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Chinese Monetary Policy as Foreign Policy, 2008.
An analysis of how China's monetary policy has been used as part of its foreign policy to influence international relations.
3,815 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 16 sources, MLA, £ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses China's economic policies. It focuses on its monetary policies and the use of its artificial control over its exchange rate as an unofficial brief of its foreign policy. It shows how China uses its monetary policy internationally to improve its positions on trade, foreign relations, and bilateral agreements with various countries.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Overview
Chinese Monetary Policy
Foreign Investment as Policy
Foreign Trade
Conclusions
From the Paper
"For many years the Chinese Yuan was pegged to the U.S. dollar and, until recently, this was not a foreign policy issue. However, as the U.S. as well as other markets, have seen their import markets grow far beyond their export markets and consequently maintain extreme trade deficits, the artificial manipulation of the Yuan has now become a matter of foreign policy. Many foreign markets view China's exchange regime, managed float or not, to be an economic weapon and one in which it has not been reticent to utilize."
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United States Fiscal and Monetary Policies, 2007.
An analysis of the fiscal policy and monetary policy of the United States.
980 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses both the fiscal policy and the monetary policy of the United States. It describes the history behind the policies and how they have changed over time. It also discusses some of the factors that have influenced their changes. The paper also briefly discusses the differences between the fiscal policy and the monetary policy.
Table of Contents:
Fiscal Policy
Monetary Policy
From the Paper
"In addition to discount window lending discussed previously, the Federal Reserve can control economic growth either by engaging in open market operations (the buying and selling of U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities in the open market) or by changing reserve requirements (requirements for the amount of funds that depository institutions must hold in reserve against deposits made by their customers) (Monetary policy). In open market operations, the Federal Reserve can inject money into the system by buying securities which will help stimulate the economy and fight deflation. Conversely, when it sells securities it pulls money out of the system which will help slow economic growth and fight inflation. Increasing reserve ratio requirements would be a policy to counter inflation and slow growth because they banks have less deposits available for loans; decreasing the ratio would do exactly the opposite."
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Policies of the Irish Famine, 2001.
This paper looks at the policies introduced to solve the Irish Famine by Robert Peel and Lord Russell 1845-47. This paper looks closely at all the policies introduced and concludes as to whether they worked or failed.
2,365 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 4 sources, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This essay looks at the policies implemented by Robert Peel and Lord Russell during the first years of the Irish famine. The author examines the differences between the two policies and comments on whether they were the right policies to solve the problem of the potato blight and the onset of famine. This essay covers the period of 1845 ? 1847.
From the Paper
"If there were a big difference in the policies of the two governments then it would have to be over the issue of grain and food supply to the people. It was Peel who bought ?100,000 of Indian Corn to put into the Irish market in order to keep food prices down, the Russell government sold its grain at market prices in order to keep the merchants and traders happy. It did keep a control on the access to the grain depots, but it was more aware and responsive to the growing problems, the Peel government was more sympathetic towards the plight of the people. It is regarded by historians that the Robert Peel government came out of the famine crisis rather better than expected, unfortunately for Lord Russell?s Whig government it increased the expectation on them. So maybe fortune favored Peel, in that he started off at the beginning of the famine, when things hadn?t got as bad as they would under the Whig government."
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Macroeconomic Policies and Financial Crisis, 2006.
An analysis of the systems of a government that influence the macroeconomic policies.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes macroeconomic policies, also sometimes called monetary policies. It discusses the ways in which these policies deal with aspects of the economy. The paper describes the various financial activities and systems in a country that impact on the macroeconomic policies of a government.
Table of Contents:
Importance of Financial Policies
Monetary Policies: Brief Concepts
Financial Crisis
Macroeconomic Policies and Financial Crisis
New Angles
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The monetary policies adopted by the federal government or Fed in case of United States could make or break the economy. As in case of great depression in 1930s Fed contributed negatively to crisis situation.
Similarly government policies also affected the situation in different countries during the financial crisis in 1990s."
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United States? Federal Economic Policies, 1996.
Analysis of the purpose and unintended consequences of various economic policies.
2,428 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper examines various economic policies of the U.S. federal government. It deals specifically with monetary policy, antitrust policy, regulatory policy and import quotas--looking at what some of the government policies have been, why they were formulated and how well they have succeeded in producing their intended effects.
Outline
I. Monetary Policy
A. Federal Reserve
1. History
2. Purpose
3. Policy
4. Effects
II. Antitrust Policy
A. Purpose
B. Sherman Act
C. Federal Trade Commission Act
D. Clayton Act
E. Federal Trade Commission
F. Effects
III. Regulatory Policy
A. Purpose
B. Interstate Commerce Act
C. Interstate Commerce Commission
D. Effects
IV. Import Quotas
A. Purpose
B. International Trade Commission
C. Television Imports
D. Steel Imports
E. Effects
From the Paper
"In 1977, in response to a petition filed with the ITC by the electronics industry, the U.S. set a quota on the number of television sets that could be imported from Japan (Canto 74). Although imported sets from Japan fell, imported sets from Taiwan and Korea rose to the point that total imports of televisions was unchanged; the U.S. response was to impose quotas on those countries as well (Canto 75). The net result was a negligible impact on the U.S. economy, because while imports of whole sets declined, imports of television parts rose sharply as foreign sets were assembled in the U.S. (Canto 77-80)."
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Health Policies, 2008.
This paper discusses the impact of health policies on healthcare organizations and systems.
1,416 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides an analysis of health policies and their effect on healthcare organizations and systems. The researcher hypothesizes that properly written and clearly communicated policies are the foundation for good healthcare and organizational systems that run efficiently and productively. Poor policies on the other hand, generally lead to miscommunication and disturbances within the organization and the organizational culture. A literature review focusing on the purposes and effects of health policies is provided. From the information gathered the researcher concludes that there is ample evidence health care policies effect organizations and systems in different ways, depending on the scope of the policy and the people it addresses.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Literature Review
Evaluation & Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There is still much debate among researchers about the effects of health policy on healthcare organizations and systems. Information provided by the literature review suggests that health policies have many different effects on the organization and the healthcare systems an organization has in place. Some policies are created to be purely humanistic, meaning their goal is to improve the health and wellness of the people directly influenced by the policy. Other policies are more capitalistic in nature, serving the healthcare organization by lowering costs and providing incentives to individuals that are willing to work to help reduce overhead and increase capital for the healthcare organization."
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Fiscal Policies after 9/11, 2002.
A discussion about the use and effect of the fiscal policies instituted by the American government to revive the economy after 9/11.
1,441 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the differences between monetary policies and fiscal policies and explains why it was thought that after September 11, fiscal policies were the only tools that could help regularize the markets and control the slowing economy. The paper looks at some of these policies which indirectly control the financial markets and also help in accelerating business activities in the country.
From the Paper
"The two important fiscal measures are tax reduction and lower interest rates. When businesses stop producing adequate amount of goods and services, government encourages them by offering attractive incentives mostly in the form of lower interest rates. These rates make borrowing easier and induce producers to invest more in business to increase production level. However the important reason why producers stop producing during tough economic times is because of lack of consumer interest. Consumer spending shrinks dramatically and less is spent on goods and services, which automatically results in lower production. This is a simple demand and supply concept which becomes more pronounced during bad economic times."
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Structural Adjustment Policies, 2007.
An analysis of structural adjustment policies and their implications for developing nations.
1,956 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses structural adjustment policies (SAPs), which are those policies that the World Bank (WB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have put forward over many years to developing nations. The paper particularly discusses the problems with these policies and how they have negatively affected developing nations. The paper then proposes solutions to the problems that have been created by these policies.
Table of Contents:
Thesis
Explanation Of Structural Adjustment
What Is The World Bank's Impact
Pros/Cons
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On the subject of Africa, the WB, and structural adjustment programs, an article in the Journal of Asian and African Studies (Gibson 2004) asserts that it is "now generally accepted in African studies" that the 20-plus years that Africa has been under the dictates of structural adjustment "...has been a devastating failure." Not only have the WB policies "failed," Gibson writes, but indeed the continent of Africa has "moved from 'crisis' to 'tragedy.'" And what is the reason for this reported slide into tragedy? From the WB's perspective, Gibson explains, Africa's economic performance has been poor; African "elites" and "government patronage" have drained the nations in Africa of the resources that the WB has tried to provide, in the view of the WB. The promises of security, health, and education, made by the WB when the loans were approved, "can no longer be met," Gibson goes on."
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Hitler's Personality & Policies, 1990.
This paper examine the influence of Adolf Hitler's personality and ideology on his foreign policy and policy toward the Jews: Self-image, love of power, opportunism, psychopathology and infantilism.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 5 sources, £ 71.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the personality, ideology, and politics of Adolf Hitler, in particular the question of the way in which Hitler?s personality and ideology influenced his foreign policy and his policy toward the Jews. The plan of the research will be to set forth the principal elements of Hitler?s political program, and then to discuss the ways in which it has been shown to have been realized as a product of the complex admixture of his persona and political beliefs.
The scholarly debate over the authentic character of Adolf Hitler and the clues that it may yield for the understanding of the rise to power and Hitler?s exercise of it in Germany has resulted in a host of theories. Although analysis of the rationale behind Hitler?s actions differs from scholar to ... "
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William Brandt's Eastern and Western Policies, 2008.
An examination of how Wlliam Brandt's Eastern policy affected his Western policy.
2,722 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the policies of William Brandt. who became chancellor of West Germany in 1969. The paper specifically discusses how his Eastern policy affected his Western policy. It also discusses Brandt's main objectives surrounding Ostpolitik (his Eastern policy) and the differing effects it had on his Western policy. In addition, the paper looks at the effects of Brandt's Eastern policy on his West policy after his resignation.
From the Paper
"Brandt's contribution to settling the European question must not be underestimated. His work with the East paved the way for Western countries to wok with the Eastern bloc to settle political debates. The question of German reunification and European detente were two different aims during Brandt's chancellorship, as suggested by Scheel in 1974 when he commented that 'Europe is concerned about the bloc divide, but not concerned about the German divide' . Brandt's innovative Warsaw treaty saw the first recognition of post-WW2 territory with regards to the Polish Oder-Neisse line; this sent a message to the rest of Europe that the continent must move on, a notion supported by Turner . Moreover Brandt's famous kneeling salute in Warsaw reverberated around the Western world and it was realised that better relations with the East were possible and must proceed. Brandt's Ostpolitik laid the groundwork for the influential Helsinki Conference, which by 1975 included all European countries and continued until 1982, becoming a crucial factor in eventual European unification. Moreover the Four Power economic summit included West Germany in 1979 under the work of Helmut Schmidt, who continued the policies founded by Brandt."
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Affirmative Action Policies, 2002.
Examines both the positive and negative sides of current affirmative action policies.
2,551 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper evaluates both the positive and negative effects of affirmative action policies today, with a particular focus on racial minorities, such as African-Americans and Latinos, in higher education. The paper defines affirmative action, traces the policies? history, examines their goals, and looks at the various legal challenges that have been mounted against these policies. Finally, the paper includes a critical examination of the arguments both for and against the continued use of affirmative action policies and concludes by taking the position that affirmative action policies are ineffective and actually harm the parties they are intended to benefit.
From the Paper
"Jackson further argues that many affluent white students have access to SAT preparation scores and have the time and resources to participate in extracurricular activities and honor courses. This places many minority students from lower-income families who need to work after school and do not have resources for SAT preparation tests at a distinct disadvantage (Jackson 290). For proponents like Jackson, affirmative action is a way to address these discrepancies and ensure that disadvantaged youth receive an equal opportunity towards higher education."
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