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American Institution, 2008.
An analysis of the institution of marriage and the debate over gay marriage and how it fits in with the concept of institutional development.
1,119 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of institutional development in helping countries and governments to create and fortify precedent development objectives. It provides an example of the institutional development of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and it discusses American Democracy in terms of institutional development. The paper finally discusses the institution of marriage and the debate over gay marriage and how these topics fits in with this concept of institutional development.
From the Paper
"In my opinion, democracy is in danger when registered voters go to the polls and experience a waiting game or new voting machines have glitches, which makes voting frustrating. Democracy is in danger when the votes are counted and there are inaccuracies among the counts for the electors. Democracy is in danger when enthusiasts gerrymandering make certain that elections are over before the registered voters vote. Democracy is in danger when government procedures intimidate basic civil independence. Democracy is in danger when special interest groups distribute money or other monetary gifts for election campaigns."
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Segregation in American Institutions., 2001.
A history of segregation in American institutions.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the history of segregation in America and examines the efficacy of integration as well as the ways that uniquely and separately Black institutions have functioned as a way of moving the African-American community forward in America.
From the Paper
"One of the most controversial issues in American history has been the issue of integration. From the point of view of white Americans, wars have been fought and communities have been ideologically and physically torn apart as a result of the question: how should Black and White people live together and how should they live apart? African Americans have suffered the difficulties of answering all of these questions as well, within the context of their own communities. But African Americans have faced another, even more pressing question: which is what strategy is best to deal with the legacy of the evils of slavery on a personal and on a community level? The legacy of slavery, prejudice and discrimination has taken its toll upon the Black community. How should the community deal with this legacy? Few leaders have suggested that only one strategy or another should be used. However, there has been a great deal of contention between Black leaders who favor integration, versus those who favor a more separatist strategy as a way of dealing with the unique difficulties African Americans face in American society. "
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The "Peculiar Institution" of Slavery after the American Revolution, 2002.
Examines the techniques used by Southern plantation and slave owners to control their slaves following the American Revolution through the anti- bellum period.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 1 source, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on how the Southern plantation owners perceived themselves as being a form of American aristocracy. Also, this paper investigates the concept of the "peculiar institution" of slavery and how the slaves were conditioned to accept the mindset that this concept promoted: The "peculiar institution" of slavery is explored in respect to the evidence which suggests that the slaves were not entirely subject to the conditions that the "peculiar institution" imposed on their lifestyles.
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The American Disabilities Act and the "Total Institution", 2002.
Explores how American colleges aid disabled athletes.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 10 sources, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper shall address the topic of inter-collegiate athletics in relation to the ADA. The main points that will be examined are the ADA in relation to physical disabilities and inter-collegiate athletics, the ADA in relation to mental disabilities and inter-collegiate athletics and how the inclusion of disabled students in inter-collegiate athletics is affecting the performance of the teams. It is hoped that this examination of the ADA in relation to inter-collegiate athletics will help to demonstrate how the ADA is affecting sports performance in American collegiate athletics.
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South American Financial Markets and Institutions, 2000.
A focus on the economy and financial institutions of Brazil and Argentina and how they shape South America and Latin America.
1,836 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how that, although South America has immense natural resources and very diverse eco-systems, nearly one-third of the people live in poverty and how the region has to battle economically and socially to overcome this. It examines how South America?s economic barometer is not only shaped by the United States, but by the policies and fiscal decisions of both Brazil and Argentina. It evaluates the economy and trade history both Brazil and Argentina individually, their relationship with MERCUSOR, the South American Common Market and the challenges facing both countries today in achieving some form of financial stability.
From the Paper
"The United States is deeply involved in the economics of every corner of the globe and influences each region to a different degree. Although our southern neighbors share our hemisphere and many of our concerns, South America seemingly receives less attention than the markets of Europe and Asian. Henry Kissinger, a former Secretary of State and National Security Advisor to the President, once said ? South America is a dagger pointed at the heart of Antarctica? Despite this rather frivolous comment by Kissenger, the fact is Latin America, encompassing Central America, The Caribbean, and South America is very important to the United States. For example, Mexico is our largest trading partner next to Canada. We will also trade more with Chili than India and send more to Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay than China."
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The American Frontier, 1600-1830, 1999.
Examines how reality and myth of the Western frontier influenced American society and institutions and concepts of freedom and opportunity.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, £ 43.95
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Abstract
"Westward ho! The cry resounds throughout the whole of Euro-American history as immigrants moved from their initial, fragile settlements along the Atlantic Coast towards the lure of ever greener, richer, and emptier lands to the West.
From the Paper
"Westward ho! The cry resounds throughout the whole of Euro-American history as immigrants moved from their initial, fragile settlements along the Atlantic Coast towards the lure of ever greener, richer, and emptier lands to the West. Although for much of the early part of settlement, European immigrants did not know exactly how much West there was, they wanted all of it, and this drive towards the Manifest Destiny - the idea that U.S. territorial expansion westward was not only inevitable but even divinely ordained - was a consuming force for much of the 18th and 19th centuries. This paper examines how both the reality and the idea of the western frontier influenced American society and institutions during the years 1600 to 1830, and how its influence differed from that of the ocean.
From the vantage point of the 20th century, the metaphor of the ..."
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Latin American Union, 2006.
An analysis of the idea of creating a social institution, resembling the European Union structure, for Latin American countries.
2,888 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the rationality of creating a social institution for Latin American countries, resembling the mechanisms of the European Union. The paper starts by discussing the role of international institutions and organizations in the present world order. Next, the paper provides a complete, yet concise, review of literature relevant to the discussion and then provides the rationale for the creation of a social institution in Latin America. The paper argues in favor of such an institution's formation by revealing the failures of the international institutions and global organizations and by highlighting the dilemmas of the national governments in the present world order. Lastly, the paper provides a brief, yet concise mechanisms of the social institution that will assist the Latin American countries in resolving the present discrepancies and problems confronting them.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
The Rationale for the Creation of a Latin American
Social Institution
An argument in Favor of the Creation of a
Latin American Social Institution
The Possible Mechanisms of the Latin American
Social Institution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The thought of creating an international social institution in Latin America, resembling The European Union structure needs careful examination as it is clear from the above mentioned facts that research and study on this subject is neither very extensive nor very comprehensive. However, before we assess the justification and the possible working structure of an international institution in Latin America, it is imperative we briefly review the theories pertaining to this subject so that we may be able to clearly evaluate not only the workings of the Latin American social institution but also the fundamental reasons and motivations underlying such a development."
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The Institution of Marriage, 2006.
A discussion on the decline of marriage as an institution.
1,916 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 14 sources, APA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper claims that marriage, as an institution, in Western and modern societies is on the decline. It explains that one of the central causes of this decline is the increase of secularization. The paper tries to assess the extent of this decline and to establish whether this trend is applicable to all or most modern societies and if this indicates the demise of marriage as an institution.
From the Paper
"Many studies on this topic suggest that the very ideals of marriage are being questioned by many young people today who believe that marriage no longer serves a necessary purpose in society. The institution of the family is also being affected by this questioning and by various arguments which indicate that the conventional structure of the family is socially or culturally relative and not a necessary ideal to strive for. "
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The Process of Institution Building in Eastern Europe and Ukraine, 2002.
A discussion of institution establishment and how it will bring positive change in Eastern Europe.
3,312 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 26 sources, £ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper stresses the importance of institution building in Eastern Europe and the interaction between formal and informal rules as one of the possible explanators of encountered difficulties. The general situation in Ukraine is described, as well as the banking system.
From the Paper
"The collapse of the Soviet Union bloc created an institutional vacuum in the whole Eastern Europe. Institutional change was seen as a key factor in solving problems. Three crucial issues were on the agenda at the moment: what and how institutions should be chosen, and how quick this process should be, as there was no possibility at that time to identify alternative institutional arrangements and assess precisely their consequences. The transition from socialism to capitalism made institutional restructuring indispensable. After the expiration of the socialist legal framework, new stable rules were required for carrying out interactions. In the then absence of formal rules people fell back on customs and traditions.
The West perceived the end of the communist rule as a clear vote for the capitalism. But it also assumed existence of the rational utility maximizers who would easily identify new opportunities, assess their consequences and allocate scarce resources in the best possible way. In my view transitologists tended to focus on the future rather than the socialist past, but failures of institution building in Ukraine have proved these approaches to be unrealistic and inappropriate in tackling the restructuring of institutions in CEE because, given incomplete knowledge and uncertainty, the importance of transaction costs, was not paid adequate attention to. Transaction costs are costs of resources necessary for the transfer of property rights from one economic agent to another, they include costs of making exchange and maintaining institutional structure. The calculation of costs did not include the costs for convincing people that the legal system was credible and stable, the cost of new institution-building and the costs of making people understand why the institutional restructuring was necessary or what was required for it. Also, according to Bossak, the frequent changing of rules, insecure property rights and restrictions on asset trading also increased such costs."
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The Social and Economic Institution of Slavery, 2002.
Examines the institution of slavery and compares it with Plato's perspective on slavery.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 55.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine some of the key parameters of the social and economic institution of slavery as it historically originated and compare these with Plato's theoretical understanding and justification of the practice particularly as this is presented in his Republic. .
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The Family as a Social Institution., 2002.
Discussion of the family as a social institution and a basis for social order.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, £ 30.95
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Abstract
The following discusses the various aspects of family as a social institution with respect to the conflict and functionalist theoretical perspectives. It also points out the basis for social order and explains how social order can be maintained while at the same time allowing for necessary social conflict and/or change. Finally it discusses homosexuality and the ways in which it challenges the traditional definition of family.
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Family Law: The Legal Institution of Marriage, 2005.
A discussion on whether the legal institution of marriage remains fundamentally important in family law, or whether the law is now based upon a wider concept of family.
1,621 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 14 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
Different forms and definitions of family may have found greater acceptance in modern society but marriage still stands as the supreme form of family relations. This essay discusses how the concept of family has evolved over time, from the formalist conception to the subjective approach and how cohabitation is increasingly undermining the traditional concept of the family.
Outline
Introduction
Marriage and the Law
What Makes Marriage Special under the Law?
Privileges of Marriage
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Unlike mere cohabitation and other forms living arrangements, marriage provides greater security. As soon as the marriage takes places, operations of law automatically applies to the couple, thus, affording both parties and their children greater protection. "The current law affecting cohabitation fails to provide people with adequate protection, particularly on relationship breakdown." Children of married couples enjoy more security as the Court can order the re-distribution of finances of couples in cases of divorce, based on the doctrine of equitable contributions set out in the case of Midlandbank v Cooke (1995). Under the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973, the Court can assess maintenance payments and adjust spouses' interest in property. "
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John Bossy's "The Mass as a Social Institution", 2005.
This is a brief review of John Bossy's 1983 article "The Mass as a Social Institution".
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 0 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
"This paper explains that Bossy focuses upon the decline of the Mass, specifically the Eucharist, during the reformation period. The author points out that, as the mass lost its power, it also ceased to be a unifying phenomenon within Western European society. The paper relates that the communal elements bound up within the sacrificial aspects of the Mass became antiquated.
From the Paper
"This is a brief review of John Bossy's, "The Mass as a Social Institution". As a leading authority in the field, it is unsurprising that Bossy's insight into the sociological and religious phenomenon otherwise known as the mass should be worthy of closer examination. To begin with, Bossy accurately notes that the pre-eminent place of the mass in pre-reformation Europe would be difficult to over-state (1983, 30). Max Weber once commented that the 'great triumph' of the Judeo-Christian tradition was to create an over-arching and rational ethic that could effectively supersede moral values predicated upon kinship (29-30). "
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