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Alumina and an Environment Accusation, 2007.
This paper discuses the options available to Alumina, which is being accused of polluting Lake Dira and thus causing leukemia in members of the population living in the area of Lake Dira.
1,560 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines a case against the Alumina company in which a local resident is claiming that the company is contaminating Lake Dira and that her daughter has developed leukemia because of the contamination. The paper explains that the stakeholders in this case include Kelly Bates and her ailing daughter, the public, the EPA, the Alumuna workers, management and stockholders. The author recommends that, because there is no concluding evidence that the child was affected by the contamination five years earlier but there also is no information that completely erases the possibility, the appropriate solution for the situation is for the company to enter mediation with the plaintiff and to publish the findings of their independent study, which indicated that their current contamination levels are far below EPA regulations. The paper relates that these recommendations will present the company not only as an environmentally concerned organization but also as one that intends to respect all consumers ethically. This paper includes an extensive risk analysis matrix.
Table of Contents:
Key Facts, Regulations and Legal Issues
Values and Stakeholders
Legal Issues and Regulations
Recommended Solution, Ethical Resolutions and Company Values
Week Three Risk Analysis Matrix
From the Paper
"It is apparent that the appropriate solution for the situation is for the company to seek to enter mediation with the plaintiff in the case. There is no evidence concluding that the child was affected by the contamination five years earlier, but there also is no information that completely erases the possibility. Since the child is a victim of leukemia, the chances that the jury will also see the child as a victim of Alumina's violation of EPA standards are high. This is because of the traditional views of juries in which they find favor for victims when they have been affected by the negative actions of corporate America."
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Alumina, 2002.
This paper discusses the background history, chemical and physical properties, manufacturing process (the Bayer process) and applications of Alumina.
2,675 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 9 sources, £ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Alumina or Aluminum Oxide, the only oxide formed by the metal aluminum, which occurs in nature as the minerals corundum, diaspore, gibbsite and most commonly as bauxite, which is an impure form of gibbsite. The author submits that its industrial and commercial use in the modern times took off after the development of the Bayer process, which made possible the wide-scale, low cost production of the material.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background Information: History of Alumina
Initial Manufacture of Alumina
Manufacture of Aluminum & the Bayer Process
New Natural Forms of Alumina
Properties of Alumina
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Electrical Properties
Structure of Crystalline Alumina
Alumina (Aluminum Oxide) Structure
Structure of Liquid Alumina
Applications of Alumina
Ceramics
As an Insulating Material
Electronics
Mechanical Ceramics
Military Uses
Bio Medical
Chemical Ceramics
Enameling
Refractory Uses
Chemical Industry
Catalysts, Fillers, and the Glass industry
The Bayer Process
Grinding of Bauxite
Digestion of Bauxite
Settling and washing of Residues
Crystallization of Hydrates
Calcination of Hydrate
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Fused alumina (the substance produced after being melted and re-crystallized) is identical in chemical and physical properties with natural corundum. It is a very hard material and its hardness is exceeded only by diamond and a few synthetic substances such as carborundum, and silicon carbide. This property of alumina lends itself for use as an abrasive material. Another useful property of the material is its high melting point, i.e., above 2000?C (3632?F), which makes it useful as a refractory and as linings of special furnaces. The mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties of Alumina (99.7% purity) often used in the ceramic industry are depicted in the following tables:..."
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The Rights of the Accused, 2008.
A review of the rights of the accused including case law examples, Federal Rules of Evidence and the exclusionary rule.
2,798 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the root of the criminally accused from the Declaration of Independence through the Federal Rules of Evidence. The paper also reviews case law concerning the specific questions of application of the constitutionally protected rights, including the exclusionary rule and other remedies for governmental violation of the rights of the accused. Finally, it reviews the Federal Rules of Evidence in the context of the relevance and reliability of the evidence presented in court, including hearsay and its exceptions.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
The Sword of the Law
From the Paper
"The rights of the accused are natural rights that are created at the birth, as proclaimed in the Declaration of Independence. There are several of these privileges that cannot be surrendered in the interest of creating a government, and these are outlined specifically in the Bill of Rights, and became enforceable against the individual States by virtue of the 14th Amendment. The specific applications of these protected rights are interpreted by the Courts, and at all times the rights of the citizen against improper conviction are kept paramount, sometimes at the expense of the victims. The Congress enacted rules of evidence to control what is presented in court to ensure that it is relevant and reliable. The 3rd President of the United States, Thomas Jefferson phrased it best, "the sword of the law should never fall but on those whose guilt is so apparent as to be pronounce by their friends as well as foes" (Kelly-Gangi, 2004, p.61)."
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False Accusations, 2008.
This paper discusses how a person's reputation may be ruined by accusations and concentrates on the case of baseball star Barry Bonds.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that the reputation of a political figure, of an eminent student, or of an athlete is one of the most important aspects of his career. However, the writer notes that once a scandal breaks out in which one's reputation is torn apart, no matter the actions undertaken following such an event or whether one is guilty of the charges being brought upon him or not, that reputation can rarely be saved and rebuilt. The writer discusses that the case of baseball star Barry Bonds is a worthy example of the fact that scandals, regardless of their factual support, can decisively ruin one's reputation and image, not only towards the fans, but also in regard to the sponsors and investors. The writer concludes that in the eyes of the world, Bonds is guilty for the simple fact of having cast a doubt on his performances and may end up being labeled as just another player on steroids.
From the Paper
"The rivalry existing between the two of them manifested at all levels, but especially concerning the physical abilities. In an attempt to take away the chance of winning new standards on world records, Bonds appealed to Anderson, a weightlifting trainer, who provided the athlete steroids as well. The visible changes that were noticed on Bonds' body made the world suspicious over the possibility of the athlete using steroids. However, neither his innocence nor his guilt can so far be proved.
"There are those who argue in support of the athlete's innocence, and others who argue against. Bonds' claims of innocence are based on the idea that although his test results did come up suggesting he has taken steroids, knowingly, he did not consume any enhancing performance drugs."
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"The Accused", 2002.
This paper examines the nature of the legal tactics used in the rape trial portrayed in the 1988 film, "The Accused" directed by Jonathan Kaplan.
751 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 0 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
The writer specifically discusses two legal tactics portrayed in the movie. The first involves the use of plea bargaining and the second whether or not someone witnessing a violent crime, such as rape, has the personal responsibility and legal liability to try to stop the rape. It also examines whether the legal tactics portrayed would work in a real court case.
From the Paper
In the real case, two of the onlookers were charged as accessories to rape and were acquitted. The film presents a different verdict. Incidentally, after the real life acquittal, both Massachusetts and Rhode Island passed "duty to rescue" laws. The film version centers around the character of Sarah Tobias (Jody Foster) who convinces Assistant District Attorney Kathryn Murphy (Kelly McGillis) to battle the legal system. Ironically, the reason Sarah wants to bring the bystanders to justice is because Murphy agreed to a plea bargain which reduced the rape charges to reckless endangerment which makes parole easier and thereby prevented Sarah from her day in court. An outraged Sarah, deprived of justice and what she considers fairness, convinces Murphy to bring charges against three of the young men who cheered on the brutal rape."
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Rights of the Accused, 2001.
This paper discusses the issues that arise when court cases are dismissed due to certain technicalities.
1,020 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper examines why courts may dismiss cases on a "technicality" and why the American legal system has afforded technicality dismissals to accused defendants. The author looks at reasons for dismissals, such as failure to provide counsel, unreasonable searches and seizures, and failure to Mirandize the accused.
From the Paper
"It is certainly true that cases are often dismissed during a preliminary hearing or at some other early point of a trial. This may be because evidence has come to light between the time of the arrest and the time of a preliminary hearing. But charges may well also be dismissed because of ?technicalities?. The next question must thus be what the nature of these technicalities is. They vary widely from case to case, of course, given that every case is different, but they can be generally categorized."
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Accusations, 2002.
The paper discusses some of the root causes of the September 11th attacks.
1,310 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses some of the specific root causes for the September 11th attacks in the U.S. Two of the causes discussed are the use of American power and the ignorance of Osama Bin Laden's followers. The paper shows that due to the fact that the United States was so unprepared for September 11th, the root causes of the terrorist attacks are still debated by millions of people worldwide. It shows that several theories being debated are clash of civilizations, poverty of Arab lands, American policy, religious conflicts, simple jealousy and rage- all of these seem logical reasons to some and completely illogical to others.
From the Paper
"World peace is far from being a reality. With the thousands of issues that affect international conflict, it is nearly impossible to isolate one sole cause of any given problem. The tragedy of September 11th is one such occurrence. Discussion after discussion has been had in an attempt to determine the exact cause of the attacks. The majority of suggestions of the root cause have been dismissed. Poverty of the individuals who committed crimes was quickly dismissed because of simplicity. Those people who hijacked American planes were not poverty-stricken. Most were educated, middle-class citizens. Also ruled out by simplicity is the theory of envy, hate, and rage. We know that Bin Laden and his followers hate us, but would this cause them to terrorize our country? The concept is too superficial to be the root cause itself, but most definitely lies under the true cause. Some political scientists pointed to a clash of civilizations as being the culprit. Even this suggestion goes back to envy of the enemy civilization. After analyzing all these miniscule causes of September 11th, two specific root causes are apparent. The two most logical explanations to the terrorist attacks are the use of American power and the ignorance of the Osama Bin Laden's followers."
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Rosenberg Case, 2001.
Examines espionage accusation, trial, sentencing & execution of Julius & Ethel Rosenberg as a Cold War event. Purpose of trial, evidence, history of accused, political motivations, protests, conflicts, aftermath.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, £ 49.95
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From the Paper
"In the book The Haunted Wood, co-authors Allen Weinstein and Alexander Vassiliev give a panoramic view of one particular epoch in American History, the Cold War. Essentially, this book claims to reveal much that is stunning and revealing about the overt and covert conflicts that divided the United States and the Soviet Union in a game of global domination, that, on the surface pitted two great economic theories Communism and Capitalism. Whether the book actually achieves its purpose is not within the scope of this paper.
What is within the scope is to focus on one event from the era of the Cold War and see just how that impacted the United States. That event is the espionage accusation, trial, sentencing ..."
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Public Schools vs. Private Schools, 2005.
A look at the accusation that public schools do not produce graduates capable of living and working successfully in their own culture.
3,100 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to demonstrate that private schools succeed at preparing graduates to succeed after graduation, whereas public schools do not. The paper puts forth the hypothesis that private schools teach their students to succeed, not because of a great deal of money poured into education, but because the schools are free to teach the curricula they choose and because they prepare students to return to their own cultures and succeed. The paper further hypothesizes that public schools, on the other hand, are not free to teach curricula not aimed at improving standardized test scores, and the successful public school student is not prepared to return to his or her culture in a trade, but to transition out of it into an anachronistic academic culture.
Introduction
Hypothesis
Review of the Literature
Education and Culture
Teaching Dispositions
Outmoded Educational Model
Would Vo-tech be a Better Public School Goal?
Developing the Person Instead of the Mind
Opposition to Change in Public Schools
Alternatives to Public and Private School
Methodology
From the Paper
"There are two, or possibly even three, co-existent educational systems in the United States. The largest of these is the public education system, followed by the private schools and increasingly popular home-schooling. The third system will be mentioned only tangentially, as the real problems with U.S. education are considered to reside in the public schools. In recent decades, there have been various schemes put forth regarding vouchers for families who want to send their children to private schools but cannot afford the fees; none of these has borne fruit. In any case, it is doubtful that the private schools could absorb the numbers of students who would want to attend if vouchers were a reality. The problem with the public schools has been identified by most of the public and by many researchers as one of curriculum."
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"Heart of Darkness", 2002.
This paper examines the accusation that Joseph Conrad is a racist, in light of his book, "Heart of Darkness".
1,135 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the claim by critics of the book "Heart of Darkness" that its author, Joseph Conrad, is a racist. The views of Achebe, Sarvan and Singh are outlined in this discussion of the book's story and characters, as it addresses the issue of racism.
From the Paper
"In his book Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad uses all the trappings of a traditional adventure tale ? mystery, suspense, an exotic setting, and unexpected attack. Chinua Achebe concluded, "Conrad, on the other hand, is undoubtedly one of the great stylists of modern fiction and a good story-teller into the bargain" (Achebe 252). Despite Conrad?s great story telling abilities, he has been viewed as a racist by some of his critics. Achebe, Sarvan, and Singh are just a few that view him as a racist, though the criticisms vary.
Frances B. Singh insinuates that although Heart of Darkness is clearly critical of colonization, it puts forward that the Africans were the innocuous victims of European greed and will-to-power, the imagery of darkness it uses as metaphysical dissertation links "evil" with the groups drawn on in anthropological images of "primitive" peoples. The narrative carries the insinuation that Kurtz's "evil" is indicated by his "going native", and that "evil, in short, is African". While the narrative makes it clear that the till-to-power implicit in the very idea of a "civilizing mission" is what leads Kurtz to set himself up as a god, the fact that he sets himself up as a tribal god reinstates the idea of racial superiority at a deeper level than the critique of colonialism."
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Nike Sweatshops, 2002.
A discussion of the accusation that Nike Corporation produces shoes and clothing in foreign sweatshops.
1,040 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This page investigates the 1990 public criticism of Nike's use of sweatshops to produce its goods. It discusses the reasons why Nike was linked to sweatshops, whether charges and criticism is fair, and whether Nike has adjusted its policies. The paper describes different labor unions through Asia and Indochina.
From the Paper
"During the past few years, the use of cheap foreign labor by major corporations, particularly the garment industries, have made headline news. Sweatshops are generally termed as factories where employees work long hours at low wages under very poor conditions. Sweatshops create handsome profits for companies, enabling them to spend millions of paid celebrity endorsements and other advertising. Nike, one of the world?s leading names in sport shoes and clothing, drew an avalanche of criticism during the mid-1990?s for its use of sweatshops."
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DUI - Has it Gone Too Far?, 2008.
A discussion of the impact of false driving under the influence (DUI) accusations within American society.
1,880 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how cases of driving under the influence (DUI) have been regarded by American society and how the severity of the offense has changed over the last thirty years. The paper looks at some of the reasons why a person who is charged with DUI may be falsely accused and how these false accusations can impact that person's life.
From the Paper
"As Taylor points out, an "average" person hitting the mid-range in all statistical respects is an impossibility and doesn't exist. Women in the world outnumber men, the Chinese outnumber all other nationalities, and certainly there are more people who are deceased then alive. One could argue that the mythical "average" person is female, Chinese and dead. The concept of "average" is simply too vague when .01% means the difference between being found innocent or guilty. Yes, drunk driving is awful, and yes, penalties need to be severe. But before having a glass of wine at a nice restaurant turns into something which can ruin your life, strict scientific guidelines need to be established which define the boundaries of impairment."
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Henry the Monk and Heresy, 2008.
This paper discusses why Henry the Monk was accused of heresy.
1,843 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer first notes that when examining the reasons why Henry was accused of heresy, looking at how one defines a heretic is absolutely crucial, because to establish why Henry was accused of being a heretic and if in fact Henry was a heretic are intertwined. The writer looks at different definitions of a heretic and chooses to define a heretic, as a challenger to orthodoxy, or a publicly shared belief system. The writer believes that Henry was accused of heresy not only for his religious beliefs, but more importantly because of the implications they had on the established social order of the time. The writer concludes that heretics were redefined as enemies of society and consequently repressed, as Henry was.
From the Paper
"This was due to the fact that the Bishop was absent in Rome for a time and upon his return saw that Henry had thrown the clergy out of the city, which was indeed a heretical action.
Henry's heresy was that of an evangelical nature, being based on the Bible, particularly the Gospels and the Book of Acts in the New Testament. Henry, like many others wanted to imitate the early church and establish the Apostolic ideal.
"Consequently, Henry fell foul of the established church for criticising the clergy and for insisting on the right of the lay people to preach and to read the Bible. Coupled with this were his notions that it was not a prescription of the gospel to go to a priest for penance, instead emphasising the individuals responsibility to the beliefs attributed to him, the rejection of prayers for the dead and the affirmation of salvation for infants who died unbaptised, thus dispelling the fundamental Catholic viewpoint surrounding the notion of 'original sin'."
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Falsifying Information, 2006.
Examination of a recent case against a medical scientist accused of falsifying research data.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the incident involving medical scientist Hwang Woo-suk, who was falsely accused of falsifying information in his stem cell research papers. The paper shows how this accusation led to Woo-suk's reputation being destroyed, resigning his position, becoming so stressed that he had to be hospitalized. The paper then details how it was later discovered that Woo-suk had been the victim of teammates who had falsified their data and journalists who had embellished the story. The paper analyzes the incident and provides recommendations for the situation proposing how the ethics could be upgraded.
From the Paper
"In one of the more publicized incidents concerning ethics in recent news, South Korean stem cell scientist Hwang Woo-suk, a professor at Seoul National University, acknowledged and apologized for publishing fake human stem cell research..."
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