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Integrationism and African-American Nationalism, 2008.
This paper contrasts the political ideas of integrationism and African-American nationalism during the Civil Rights era.
1,160 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, during the black civil rights movement, some leaders favored integrationism, which meant that these activists were willing to work with sympathetic whites to achieve their goal of civil rights. The paper points out that other leaders favored African-American nationalism, which meant the opposite of integrationism. The paper relates that, during the first ten years, the movement was mainly integrationist, as modeled by Martin Luther King Jr. King, who favored using non-violent methods, such as sit-ins, to oppose discrimination. The author continues that, by around 1966, the Black Power movement with activists, such as Malcolm X, who favored black self-determination, was growing. The paper states that the African-American nationalism has been accused of being in favor of black supremacy.
From the Paper
"There is a sad but interesting common factor that is shared by the integrationist movement and African American Nationalism. Although integrationism was much more moderate than African American Nationalism, both were threatening enough to some people in the USA that the most prominent leaders of both movements were assassinated. Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee; while Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965, at the Audubon Ballroom in Harlem."
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Integrationism and African-American Nationalism, 2008.
This paper compares the difference between the political ideas of integrationism and African-American nationalism during the Civil Rights era in the US.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that both the integrationists and the African-American nationalists were stirred to action by the racism directed against African Americans in the US. The author describes that, while the integrationists favored non-violence, the African-American nationalists were prepared to use violence. The paper further relates that integrationists would work with whites; whereas, the African-American nationalists would not. Additionally, the author relates that the integrationists wanted a future of living harmoniously with whites even as the African-American nationalists wanted a future of living separately and making their race strong, proud and independent. The paper concludes that neither group achieved its aims because the US remains deeply troubled by racism today.
From the Paper
"Another important different between the two groups was the goal they aimed for. It was not as simple as wanting to end oppression, racism and discrimination. Both sides were working towards their own vision of the future. The integrationists wanted an integrated future in which both races would live side by side in peace. This was expressed in the speech given by the most well-known integrationist,Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. His most famous speech sums up his dream of an integrated future, in which all races live together in harmony."
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The Marginalization of Native Americans and African-Americans, 2004.
Examines how post-colonial American history impacted the emancipation of African-Americans and Native Americans, or Indians.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
Before American society become liberated and independent from British rule, two important events became the catalyst for social and political changes that occurred within the American nation: the American Revolution (1775-1783) and the American Civil War (1860). These significant events in American history contributed to the liberation of America as a nation and the independence of marginalized sectors in America, the native American-Indians and African-Americans. This paper discusses the impact of the American Revolution and American Civil War in encouraging/discouraging the emancipation of the American Indians and African-Americans from prejudice and discrimination in the American society. In addition, this paper also focuses on the implications of the emancipation or non-emancipation of these sectors to the future of American society and nation.
From the Paper
"However, over time, a strong public sentiment began forming as atrocities against the black slaves were exposed to the American nation. Because of strong public sentiment against black American slavery and continuing conflict between the South and North, the American Civil War erupted, and the anti-slavery vs. pro-slavery conflict ended with the issuance of the Emancipation Declaration of 1863 by then US President Abraham Lincoln. Thus, African-Americans, unlike the native American-Indians, were able to achieve their freedom from American rule and colonization, bringing down social prejudice and discrimination of the African-American sector in the American society and nation."
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African-Americans and American Prisons, 2007.
This paper examines the relatively high number of African-Americans incarcerated in American prisons.
1,313 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the drive to control American populations through incarceration and notes that this has disproportionately affected the nation's African-American population. The paper shows how nearly half of all inmates in America's prisons are African-American, despite the fact that they make up only twelve percent of the overall population. The paper examines the social and political reasons for this disparity and reveals that a form of racial prejudice would appear to be underlying these statistics. The paper discusses how the mass incarceration of America's African-American population is destroying their community, and the African-American people in general.
From the Paper
"In a time of great economic and social change, one American industry is booming: the prison-industrial complex. These prisons represent an ever-expanding apparatus of social control (Ward, 2004), one that, according to Julia Sudbury, is focused specifically on regulating, and further marginalizing the underprivileged masses in today's neo-liberal regimes (Ward, 2004). Recent decades' "get tough on crime" policies, such as mandatory minimum sentences, "three strikes" laws, and so forth, have witnessed historically unparalleled rates of incarceration in the United States."
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African Americans and Native Africans, 2002.
A comparison of the different sub-cultures of the African American minority group in the United States.
2,370 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history and culture of the recent immigrants to the United States from Africa and the Caribbean. It details how these immigrants are labeled as "African Americans" and lumped into the same sub-culture as the veteran African American population of the United States since the slave-trade. These two population groups are compared for their manners, cultures and social norms. A history of African immigration to America is provided.
From the Paper
"The African Americans, or Black Americans as they are called, are the largest minority group in the United States, after the Hispanic Americans. This is a racial group whose ancestry is believed to be from the sub-Saharan Africa. However, there are some African Americans who claim to have their roots from the European immigrants, Native American or the Asians. In general the African American populations is usually referred to as Negroes, blacks and Afro-Americans. "
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Mexican-American and African-American Assimilation, 2004.
A comparative analysis of Mexican-American and African-American assimilation in the United States today.
4,544 words (approx. 18.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the processes and sub-processes of assimilation. It looks at how sociologist, Milton M. Gordon, viewed assimilation as a collection of sub-processes emphasizing three main processes: cultural;
structural; and marital assimilation. It focuses on cultural, structural, and marital assimilation between African-Americans and Mexican-Americans in Texas and New York, as represented by 1990 and 2000 figures from the U.S. Census Bureau.
Outline
Introduction
Cultural Assimilation
Marital Assimilation
Secondary Structural Assimilation
Primary Structural Assimilation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Oppression has been a part of the patchwork of American history since the nation?s inception, leading to a fairly paradoxical culture in which equality and justice are theoretically cherished at the same time they are questionably practiced, and also in which a legacy of xenophilia, or the welcoming of immigrant contributions to the larger culture, has been mixed with a seemingly contradictory legacy of xenophobia and oppression of minority and immigrant groups. As the result of this historical legacy of oppression, members of a minority group such as African-American and Mexican-American cultures may, over the course of time, internalize the low self-image of themselves that has been traditionally projected by the dominant group as a justification for its oppressive policies."
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African-Americans and Civil Rights, 2008.
This paper discusses the differences between the integrationist movement and African-American Nationalism during the civil rights era.
976 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper compares the two approaches to the American Civil Rights Movement: the moderate integrationist movement led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and the more radical African-American nationalism movement, associated with Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party. The paper shows the intense rivalry between these two different approaches. The paper points out, however, that they were working for the same ideal of true equality for African Americans.
From the Paper
"The Civil Rights struggle was the struggle of African Americans to gain equal rights to whites in the USA. It took place mainly in the 1950s and 1960s. Some of those involved in the struggle preferred moderate means. A famous integrationist was Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. On the other hand, some activists were more radical. Most of these radical activists did not believe in working with whites. This is referred to as African American Nationalism. Famous African American Nationalists include Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party."
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The African American's American Dream, 2002.
An overview of the history of the African American's American Dream through the works and ideals of W.E.B. Du Bois, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Malcolm X.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper is an examination of the history of the African American's American Dream. It looks at the history of independence-minded thinking in W.E.B. Du Bois and follows through the civil rights movement with the contrasting style and messages of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X. It concludes that the American Dream for the African American has not fundamentally improved over the past one hundred years, and it seems almost more limited now than it was before the civil rights movement.
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African-Americans or Black-Americans?, 2007.
This paper examines the impact of family history stories on African-American students' attitude and behavior.
2,410 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper explores whether documenting and researching Black-American history, especially individual family history, has an impact on Black-American students' attitude and behavior. The paper discusses the move away from an African-American identity to a distinctly Black-American identity. The paper relates that teaching the history and stories of Black-Americans has served to inspire and motivate Black-American students towards a more successful academic life. The paper concludes that Black-American students today are aware that their cultural heritage and tradition began in Africa, yet, informed with the stories of their past, their attitude is that they are predominantly Americans.
Outline:
Introduction
Background
Family and Community History and Student Attitudes and Behavior
From the Paper
"The history of Black Americans is one that began as slavery and oppression. It is only during the twenty years that Black Americans have had the full range of education, opportunity, and social equality to partake in the American dream. It was a long road to that point, and there remain challenges to be overcome, but the road towards overcoming those remaining challenges began with America's Civil War and freeing Black Americans from the condition of slavery. Many have traveled the road on behalf of equality and Civil Rights, and the challenges that remain today are the social and psychological barriers that prevent Black Americans from embracing the opportunities that were hard won on their behalf."
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Treatment of African Americans and Native Americans in Colonial America, 2002.
This paper discusses the treatment of African Americans and Native Americans during Colonial times.
2,265 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This is a paper about the different treatments toward blacks and Native Americans in colonial America by whites. The author looks at the differences and the similarities in the way these two populations were treated.
From the Paper
"In dealing with "outsiders", White Europeans who controlled the continent held many similar views. These outsiders included the Native Americans and the African Americans. Both peoples were treated in parallel and in opposing ways by the whites in power. The most obvious way that the two groups were treated the same is that they were dealt with in a very ethnocentric way; whites assumed that they were superior to both groups. Both groups were not dealt with in the same way from the onset. Native Americans, who were living in the country long before the whites, were killed, stripped of their land, and mislead as to their future in the new white world. Africans were brought into the country, a large distinction, because whites needed them here. They were at first used as indentured servants, and it was a gradual change that shifted over to slavery. From there on came restrictive legislature, and a view of them as savages. The two groups were both treated differently by whites in terms of how they were oppressed, but the overriding theme in both cases is that the white Europeans saw both as inferior races."
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Diabetes in the African-American Community, 2004.
Provides an overall picture of the seriousness of the rate of Type 2 diabetes in the African-American community and, especially, for African-American women.
4,618 words (approx. 18.5 pages), 46 sources, APA, £ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the conjunction of the economic, social, and cultural status of African-Americans in Louisiana and their rates of Type 2 diabetes. African-Americans in Louisiana, as is true across the South and, indeed, across the nation, suffer from diabetes at seemingly disproportionately high rates. However, once economic, social, and cultural factors are taken into account, those rates no longer seem disproportionate. They are tragic, but comprehensible.
From the Paper
"It must be noted that despite the terrible conditions under which many African-Americans continue to live that they are in general much better off than were their grandparents. We all know that beginning in the early 1960s the Civil Rights brought to the nation?s conscience the terrible conditions under which the majority of black Americans were living and helped begin the steady, if painfully slow, progress toward fuller civil rights and full inclusion in the promise of American citizenship. In large measure as a response to the Civil Rights movement, a number of federal, state, and local government programs were developed and implemented to help combat poverty and the effects of racism on African-Americans (Polednak, 1997, p. 38). While these programs were not directed primarily at diabetes reduction, of course, or even specifically toward improving the health of African-Americans, they tended to do so overall. One of the most important risk factors for early death and for a range of illness from diabetes to cancer to AIDS is poverty. By alleviating poverty, a society also alleviates unnecessary suffering from diseases."
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African-Americans in Post-War America, 2006.
A look at the injustice and degradation suffered by African-Americans in post-war America, through the eyes of famous African-American authors such as James Baldwin and W.E.B. Du Bois.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the writings of famous African-American authors such as James Baldwin, W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington, and discusses their experiences and understanding of what it meant to be a Black-American in post-war America. The paper focuses primarily on the work of James Baldwin and his description of the destruction of his race and the injustice and the force to which African-Americans were subjected.
From the Paper
"Baldwin's experience was that of a black man trying to find meaning and success and identity in apartheid America. Being black--or Negro, in the vernacular of the time--was a crucial fact of life. Baldwin observes the creation and the effects of "the projects," slums, and ghettoes on both the city-dwellers who live there and those who create them in the first place. James Baldwin's "Fifth Avenue, Uptown: A Letter from Harlem" is about one of these 'projects' that has captivated the blacks within the lanes of Harlem. Baldwin desperately and passionately hated the streets of Harlem not for what they were but rather, what they stood for. According to Baldwin the neighborhoods were distinctive in place and culture. They differed from America in all terms and manners. The law, schools, professional associations, and judicial institutions in these neighborhoods, were 'protected by law enforcement not of this territory. Baldwin's "occupation thesis," of course, challenges the American Dream and suggests an endemic basis for social unrest. But, the implication to be developed here is for how we understand law. Jurisprudence rather than policy, ethics, or political theory, is the issue and the challenge is just as compelling."
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African-American/Canadian Culture, 2004.
Looks at the development of African-American/Canadian culture that resulted from the migration of many Southern African-Americans to the West and North.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the culture that developed in the African-American and Canadian population. It discusses the main events that brought about this culture, how, in some ways, it represented a resistance to oppression, and how some within the African-American/Canadian community held conflicting views about the development and expression of their own ethnic culture.
From the Paper
"The music/dance culture became an all out rejection of Victorianism and middle class control. (LN, OCT 9) The popularity of this era could be attributed to the fact that the majority of African Americans/Canadians that immersed themselves in this culture were working class and the dance/music created in this era spoke the truth!"
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African-American Leaders, 2002.
An in-depth study into leadership styles of African-American leaders. Mentioned are Martin LutherKing and Malcolm X among others.
6,410 words (approx. 25.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 102.95
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Abstract
This research studies the ways in which African-Americans become leaders in the United States today, looking at the struggles that they have to overcome in terms of the general level of background racism that still exists in this nation. This paper comes to an understanding of how the particular challenges faced by African-Americans today produce certain kinds of leaders with specific strengths. As a part of understanding how it is that certain African-Americans find themselves called on to be leaders (and how some of them succeed), this paper looks first at some general ideas about leadership, using tenets pulled from communication theory to help us understand why it is that different leaders choose different leadership styles based on the demands of the moment in history they find themselves in.
This paper also looks at some of the most important African-American leaders of the 20th century as a way of attempting to understand if there are cross-generational values, forms of discourse, and styles of leadership that mark most or even all leaders in this community.
Finally, this proposal describes a research design that will allow for a deeper investigation into the ways in which leadership values and communication skills come together in today?s African-American communities to build leaders who are capable of addressing some of the most important issues facing African-Americans today, such as the high incarceration rate of black men, environmental racism, the high rate of single-parent families, and racism, especially by police.
Table of Contents
Preface
Leadership Style
?Hoping Not to Fail"
Research Design
Works Cited
From the Paper
"It may be tempting to think that all great leaders are the same ? that they come into this world with certain traits that mark them as different from the rest of us. But this is not true: Leaders vary in important ways, and not simply because of differences in their own personalities. Rather, leaders are molded by the political and cultural circumstances of their moment in history ? even as they also mold those circumstances. One of the most important circumstances that molds any African-American leader is the prevalent racism in the United States and structures of inequality that have persisted since slavery."
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