| Papers [1-14] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 8] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 —> | Search results on "AFRICAN AMERICAN FEMALE SOCIAL REFORMERS": |
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African-American Female Social Reformers Of The 19th Century-20th Century, 1995.
Describes the lives and careers of Sojourner Truth, Harriet Tubman, Ida B. Wells-Barnett and Fanie Lou Hamer.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, £ 49.95
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From the Paper
"The role of individual personalities in a social movement is often recorded in disproportion to the individual's achievement. Minorities have received short shrift in the past. Women in particular are apt to be slighted by historians who, until recently, were generally composed of educated white males viewing the past through a perspective that was sorely limited by lack of imagination and empathy. Needless to say, women of African-American heritage have been more likely lost in the shuffle of such opinion than white women and black men. As Arican-Americans in America moved from slavery to freedom, from segregated minority to still-being-attempted integration into the mainstream society, there has been a none-too-subtle discount of the black woman's accomplishments in the field of social reform. Nevertheless, there has been a strong spine of African-American ..."
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Single African-American Mothers, 2008.
A review of the social welfare aspects of of the Great Society and the Welfare Reform Act of 1996 with regard to single African-American mothers.
1,922 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews two approaches in social work to single African-American mothers and poverty. The first approach, practiced during the "Great Society" era of the 1960s and 1970s, focused on state-provided welfare, housing and other assistance for single African-American mothers and their families. The second era, starting with the Welfare Reform Act of 1996, focused on integrating poor African-American mothers into the workforce, and providing support services to insure that those mothers could support their children, learn a trade, and become self-supporting. Specifically, this paper presents a sociologically-oriented study of both approaches, establishing what works and why, and what elements can be improved. The paper discusses the two programs in three parts: (1) it explains the goals and implementation of the Great Society program, (2) it explains the goals and implementation of the Welfare Reform Act, and (3) it compares and contrasts the two programs, with a sociological analysis of the outcomes and consequences for social workers.
Outline:
Introduction
The Great Society: Goals and Implementation
Background and Purpose of the Great Society
Actual Implementation
The Social Challenge: Needed Assistance Wasn't Available
Welfare Reform Act, 1996
Background
Concerns about TANF and Current Welfare Programs
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The ambitious programs called on a significant increase in social workers. At the time, there were only 2,000 social workers in HEW, but the need was estimated at 35,000 in order to implement the imperatives of the CAP and the "War on Poverty." The predictable result was that many of the new hires had no experience, academic or working, in social work. By the time of the renewal of the act, in 1967, Congress attempted to modify the AFDC, or Aid to Families with Dependent Children, portion of the act in order to address concerns about absent fathers. The perverse effect was that those who had a father present were penalized, while those who were single mothers without an actual, even common-law, husband found their welfare payments reduced. In addition, AFDC provisions paid single mothers additional monthly amounts for each new child. The result was that, by 1970, poverty had been reduced, but the rate of single-parent families increased substantially."
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Social Security Reform, 2003.
A look at Social Security reform and the effects of supply and demand in the insurance industry.
1,457 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, with the tax reforms and Social Security reforms, Americans are paying much more and are expecting much more from Social Security. It examines how the insurance companies are dealing with these reforms and adjusting their policies to suit these changes in the insurance market.
From the Paper
"What began as a relatively modest social insurance program to ward off poverty in old age has become the largest and most expensive government program in the world, upon which millions of Americans depend for their retirement incomes (Congressional Institute 2003). What began as a tax of only two percent of wages now takes over twelve percent. As a result, Americans have less money to save on their own and expect much more from Social Security than they used to (Congressional Institute 2003)."
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Social Security Reform, 2008.
An argument for Social Security reform in the form of privatization.
2,445 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the current challenges to America's Social Security system that sheds light on why Social Security reform is inevitable. The paper contends that what is needed is a privatized system, where individuals are able to reap the full rewards of investment and the economy can benefit from the increased national savings and tax reductions afforded by a more efficient system.
Outline:
Introduction
Social Security Overview
Challenges with the Current Social Security System
Benefits of Social Security Privatization
Issues that Must Be Considered in a Privatized System Reform
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Social Security and changes that need to be made is a hotly contested debate topic, on both ends of the political spectrum. Yet, as Feldstein notes, many elected officials are not willing to confront this looming problem, due to its politically dangerous nature. Yet, with the rapidly aging population of more than 10,000 Baby Boomers per day becoming eligible for benefits over the next two decades (Lassiter), the Social Security problems cannot be ignored much longer. Something will need to be done, or America will see the entire system collapse."
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Social Reforms ., 2002.
Social reforms in Great Britain due to the industrial revolution.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 11 sources, £ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper describes that social reforms that took place in Great Britain and presents them as an economic consequence of the situation.
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The U.S. Social Security Reform, 2005.
This paper discuses the U.S. Social Security reform based on policy theorist John Kingdon's Theory of Public Policy.
3,245 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explains John Kingdon's "multiple streams" theory of public policy, which maintains there are three separate, independent streams that flow through the policy process: The problem stream, the policy stream and the political stream. The author points out that the most significant administrative change occurred when President Lyndon Johnson signed into existence the Medicare bill in 1965, which meant that the Social Security Act is now responsible for supplying health coverage to nearly all Americans of age 65 or older. The paper relates that the current pay-as-you-go Social Security system has had a deleterious effect on the economy because it has decreased workers' overall saving rates; increased national saving is crucial to increased capital productivity and long-term economic growth.
Table of Contents
Introduction
History of Social Security System
Program Shortfalls
Social Security Today
The Problem Stream
Indicators
Events
Feedback on Existing Policy
The Policy Stream
The Political Stream
The Launch-Window
The Push for Major Reform
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The current state of the Social Security system is not in immediate danger: at the moment Social Security tax revenues exceed what is necessary to pay benefits. The program trustees believe that the projected balances will grow to $7.2 trillion in 2026. After this period, however, after the trustees project that the system's output will begin to exceed its intake, and balances will begin to decrease. If this comes to be, further projections indicate that by 2041, the funds will be-if no changes are put into place-technically exhausted, and the program will be insolvent."
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Women and Social Reform in the 19th Century, 2006.
Examines how women influenced social reform in 19th century America.
971 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The 1800s was a century filled with immense change. The emotions of repression, and the desire for sexual equality that burnt within the hearts of women would be sent forth into this new era of reform. The paper shows, however, that women didn't stop at defending their natural right to equality. They also fought for other radical ideas concerning temperance, the abolitionist movement and prison reform. Despite the inferior status of women at this point in time, the paper discusses how they managed to play a substantial role in this Reform Crusade.
From the Paper
"As the temperance movement was a giant leap in the status of women, the abolitionist movement was also yet another progression towards the goal of reform. In the mid-1800's, the movement took off due to the efforts of two particular women. Angelena and Sarah Grimke were raised proper young women, but also grew up detesting slavery, and they made sure that their opinion was known. In response towards a pastoral letter condemning the sisters efforts, Sarah Grimke writes that "Men and women were created equal"(Skinner 61) and ultimately proclaims that women are worthy adversaries especially involving issues such as the abolitionist movement."
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Social Security Reform, 2002.
This paper analyzes and examines the multitude of issues related to social security reform.
1,960 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates and critiques social security benefits of current problems and possible solutions to the social security crisis. The paper concludes with recommendations for improving and preserving the social security system.
From the Paper
"In view of the advantages and disadvantages of the current social security system, there are various proposed reforms of the social security system that would bring the system into long-run balance. There are two primary categories of proposed social security reforms: changes that preserve the basic structure of the current system with minor modifications and more dramatic transformations that either would invoke means-testing of benefits or would shift part of the system from today?s pay-as-you-go insurance plan to an arrangement more like 401(k) retirement plans and individual retirement accounts."
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Social Reform, 2005.
A discussion on the history of social reform in America.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the works of Jacob Riis and Jane Addams. It explores the work of the Populist Party in the U.S. in the late 1800s. The author expands on the solutions of all three to pressing problems of the day, including solutions or reforms they proposed.
From the Paper
"Jacob Riis immigrated to the United States from Denmark with the hope of making enough money to marry the daughter of a wealthy man in his native Denmark. Riis he was not prepared for what he found when he arrived in New York City. America was in the grip of a depression. There were thousands of people in New York City alone who were homeless and jobless. For three years Riis suffered poverty and near starvation ..."
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Dickens as a Social Reformer, 2005.
Examines how Charles Dickens encouraged social reform through the characters in "David Copperfield" and "Great Expectations".
3,106 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 62.95
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Abstract
Through his work, Charles Dickens called attention to the dilemma and the unfairness of life in the lower, and even the middle class, not with diatribes, but with clever plotting. This allowed comic characters to appear, as well as the truly evil ones, which brought a sense of recognition to his faithful readers. For purposes of exploring the means which Dickens used to provide characters to further social progress, this paper first explores some over-all conditions of the times of Dickens. It then specifically investigates the characters and viewpoints of two novels, "David Copperfield" and "Great Expectations".
From the Paper
"David at last is led to a better, happier, more secure life. It is obvious in reading about the children in many of Dickens' novels, that he sees the need for someone to "civilize" them, to keep them from turning into human representations of beasts. The scenes he paints in the characterizations of orphanages and schools for the poor turns some of the children into truly unlikable, even vicious imps. What is also alluded to, in the school scenes, although never definitively sketched out is the incidence of child prostitution in England in this era. For some young girls, it may come to a choice between prostitution or marriage to someone eligible."
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Progressive Social Reform, 2002.
A look at community organizations and progressive social reform.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates progressive social change through examining community organizations and the policies of bail decisions and rational sentencing.
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Social Security Reform, 2005.
This paper discusses the Bush Plan to reform social security and its opposition.
2,360 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Bush Plan states (1) "personal accounts" would be voluntary, (2) social security money would be invested in a "conservative mix of bond and stock funds" which would have the opportunity to earn a higher rate of return than what is being provided now and (3) this would supplement the worker's "traditional social security check". The author presents opponents of this plan including AARP (American Association of Retired Persons), the largest advocacy organization for senior citizens in America, which opposes creating accounts out of the contributions workers currently make into Social Security because such accounts actually worsen Social Security's long-term financial health, draining revenues out of Social Security at the very time boomers begin to retire. The paper concludes that it is important to remember that the Social Security trust fund is not a pile of cash but rather just a bookkeeping gimmick in which one part of the government promises money to another part of the government.
Table of Contents
What is the Bush Plan?
Why is President George Bush Pushing Hard for his Plan
Opposition
Facts about Social Security
Business Week Reporter Paul Craig Roberts
The Bush Campaign
The AARP (American Association of Retired Persons)
What are Some Proposed Solutions to the Social Security System?
The Conservative Publication the National Review
From the Paper
"The Democrats have countered with ads of their own, according to the Associated Press (Raum, 2005) on Sunday, March 13. The Democrats call Bush's proposal to privatize Social Security "a risky privatization scheme." The Democrats' Saturday radio broadcast on March 12 featured the grandson of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (James Roosevelt Jr.). He said: "In 1935, my grandfather signed the Social Security Act into law, ensuring that Americans retired with financial security." But "unfortunately," he continued, "President Bush and Washington Republicans" do not share the belief of "the guiding principle that America's workers deserve a secure retirement." Roosevelt and other Democrats complain that privatizing Social Security will punish workers "in times of long market downturns," because the investment Bush is talking about on the Wall Street market wouldn't deliver as high a return as it would in economic boom times, the AP story pointed out. The article also mentioned that the most recent AP poll shows the Bush Social Security reform proposals gaining only a 37% positive result from the public."
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Social Security Reform, 2006.
A look at the current social security system and an argument in favor of reforms.
1,631 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the social security system currently in place. The paper explores the history of the system and its current issues. The paper then presents an argument calling for social security reform so that citizens benefit more from its existence.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
History
The Time For Reform is Now
Those Against It
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is time to reform the system. While many people are comfortable trusting that the government will work it out, there are others who are not. For those people the time has come to allow them to choose their own retirement path."
"One suggested plan of reform is to allow employees to choose where their retirement funds are invested. The same amount would come out of their check, but instead of going into social security the funds would go to the investment of their choice. This allows them some control over movement when rates are good, and it will cause competitive plans to come forward for the purpose of attracting the social security type dollars. "
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Social Security Reform, 2004.
An analysis of how the Social Security system can be effectively reformed.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the problems of Social Security. The paper examines whether it should be completely or partially privatized, presenting opinions both for and against privatization. The paper also explores whether it should continue as it is, a welfare program of the federal government, with some wholesale changes made to entitlements.
From the Paper
"There is one thing almost no one disputes: Social Security is in need of reform. Started during the Depression, when states often used state budget monies to care for indigent old people, Social Security was never intended to be the single source for retirement income for most aging Americans. Franklin Delano Roosevelt's administration regarded Social Security, reportedly, as a stopgap measure. During the Depression, even those states that did attempt to care for the indigent elderly were finding it difficult, and families, too, were financially less able to support their elders than before the Crash. In addition, life expectancies were shorter than; except for increasing longevity, without raising the retirement age, accounts for some of the problems with Social Security, according to Brown (2002), Lamm (1996) and (1997, 2001). Mismanagement of the social program, part of a larger syndrome Lamm calls 'generational malpractice' (1996)."
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