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Advertisements in Political Campaigns, 2005.
A look at how advertisements can have national and even international ramifications when they are used to affect the outcomes of political campaigns.
1,509 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the effect that advertisements can have on the outcome of political campaigns and elections and how that influence can have national and international repercussions, especially when the advertisement campaigns present incomplete facts or misrepresent the truth.
From the Paper
"Good ads have a dramatic effect on viewers as they address psychological factors like emotions rather than rational ones and, therefore, their use in political campaigns should be limited. In addition, ads are formed to inform the public about the merits of purchasing a certain product or supporting a certain issue or a political candidate. They should positively inform the viewers of the truth by relying and sticking to the facts. However, according to Robert H. Wozniak in "Walter Dill Scott: the Psychology of Advertising," creating ads that are built around the facts and which talk to the viewers ' rationality, is not really valid advertising. This is because "advertising has as its one function the influencing of the human mind...As it is the human mind that advertising is dealing with, its only scientific basis is psychology" (Scott qtd. in Woznaik). He meant that ads have a direct influence on viewers as they communicate with the human brain directly as a bullet and ads affect the people psychologically not rationally. Ads tell people what they want them to be informed with or even what they don't want to hear but in a way that they can identify with. Accordingly, as Wozniak explains, ads are hurt because the human attention span is short. This is an essential observation regarding the nature of ads because it means that their length does not allow for the publishing of all the truth regarding a product or an issue. Instead, an ad will select facts and leave claims unexplained. The second vital feature regarding successful ads made by Wozniak is that they play on the viewers' emotions."
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Republican Advertising Campaigns, 2002.
Examines advertising in America in the 1980s by focusing on two Republican political party advertisement campaigns.
2,145 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by providing an historical background of the society in America in the 1980s and how advertising was geared towards this society. The writer explains that as older party and political structures declined, advertising became central to campaigns by the 1980s. In order to compare two advertising forms, the writer looks at two particularly effective campaigns, both by Republicans; one positive and one negative.
From the Paper
"The positive campaign, for the 1984 Reagan re-election campaign, had the theme "Morning in America." The specific images were forgettable enough--family picnics and the like, shot in a soft-focus flavor if not literally with soft focus, but the campaign achieved its enormous effectiveness from its background. The decade of the 1970s had been a dismal one for the United States, beginning with the Vietnam War and civil disorder, and ending with oil crises and the Iranian embassy hostage crisis. The central theme of the 1984 ad campaign was that Reagan, almost through sheer force of personality, had halted this national decline; we had passed through the dark night and under Reagan it was indeed Morning in America again."
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Women's Image in Advertisements, 2007.
This paper is an analysis of the portrayal of women's image in magazine advertisements in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), as based on a content analysis of the literature and on a convenience sample survey of 50 female students.
17,435 words (approx. 69.7 pages), 34 sources, APA, £ 172.95
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Abstract
This paper states that the the main purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of women's image in advertisements' contents as depicted in the most widely circulated Arab women magazines in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and to identify the effect of such contents in formulating the societal image of women. The study also examines how women feel about the presented image of women in advertising. The author points out that, in the UAE, women not only are gaining ground in workforce participation but also are filling positions once held primarily by men; however, this is not always reflected in ads. The paper indicates that the majority of female students felt that the relationship between the woman's image in published advertisements and society's view towards her is a highly positive one. The paper includes the data generated by the survey and several figures, tables and quotations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Introduction
Need for the Study
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Procedures
Research Hypotheses
Review of Literature
Background and Overview
United Arab Emirates Today
The Impact of Advertisement
The Importance of the Visual Image in Advertisements
The Women's Image in the Visual Advertisements
Depiction of Women in Magazine Advertisements
Methodology
Sample
Instrumentation
Data Collection Procedures
Results
Data Analysis
Discussion and Conclusion
Discussion of Results
Recommendations
Questionnaire
From the Paper
"Arab information media have by and large been established on a weak economic base throughout the Middle East. For example, Arab newspapers were introduced when national incomes and populations were small, and the literacy rates were low; as a result, both advertising revenues and mass-circulation sales (the two primary sources of commercial newspaper income elsewhere), were restricted. Even after World War II, as the Arab economies enjoyed a new level of prosperity, advertising remained sufficiently insignificant to most Arab businessmen, and did not appear to represent a viable avenue of revenue-generation in the modest-circulation press, to enable newspaper publishers to generate many advertisements in the first place."
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The Pragmatic Aspect of Advertisements, 2007.
Compares the differences between the language of advertisements in newspapers in the United States and newspapers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
5,221 words (approx. 20.9 pages), 24 sources, MLA, £ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the differences between the language used in advertisements in the United States and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It uses examples of English-language advertisements in both countries. It compares the same type of advertisements to determine what has changed in the use of language in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia print advertisements in mainstream newspapers in recent years. The paper then selects and analyzes advertisement content found in two representative newspapers in each country.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Significance of the Study
Purpose of Study
Importance of Study
Rationale of Study
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature
Background and Overview
Print Media in the U.S. and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Current Trends and Influences
Pragmatics and Content Analyses of Print Material
Research Questions
Chapter 3: Methodology
Theoretical Framework
Limitations of the Study
From the Paper
"Therefore, the importance assigned to pragmatic meaning of various textual elements does not end the primacy of their semantic meaning (Cook, 1992). Nevertheless, words have a wide range of influential factors involved for their user besides their denotation, which supposedly persists across different contexts, and its pragmatic function, which supposedly varies systematically across contexts. In this regard, Cook adds that, "These aspects of a word are so many and so vast that knowledge of them will vary considerably from user to user" (1992, p. 99). Consequently, all readers will bring some unique qualities to the interpretation of newspaper advertisements that will likely affect their decision whether to purchase a given product or service, but content analysis remains a subjective realm that requires the careful selection of relevant themes and how the results are interpreted to ensure that these factors are taken into account."
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Anorexia Campaigns, 2005.
Examines celebrity campaigns and how effective they are in promoting the prevention of anorexia.
2,530 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at celebrity campaigns and how effective they are in promoting disease prevention among the general public. It looks at how the medical community views these campaigns, the veracity of the information they portray, the role of paid spokespersons and gives some examples of campaigns by celebrities for specific diseases. It suggests a plan for a campaign to publicize anorexia nervosa.
From the Paper
"No large-scale campaign has ever been raised to bring awareness to anorexia nervosa - a devastating disease in which people starve themselves sometimes to death because of a distorted body image ..."
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Election Campaigns, 2004.
Compares the election campaigns of contenders for the U.S. House of Representatives from Indiana and Florida.
2,128 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 27 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the election campaign of Democrat Julia Carson with her main opponent, Republican Brose McVey, and the election campaign of Republican Diaz-Balart with that of his main opponent, Democrat Annie Betancourt. The paper compares a variety of aspects of the campaigns, including campaign financing, platform and support, candidate profiles, media coverage, scandal, redistricting, and election results.
From the Paper
"McVey ran on a platform of economic growth and job creation, stating that Indiana has been sliding compared to the rest of the nation. McVey claimed that "there are many federal issues, such as funding for transportation and airport projects to changes in the tax code, which can have an impact on Indiana's economy. 'She's been in office six years... I haven't heard one word about what Carson is doing and advocating for.? McVey also cited Carson?s votes against President Bush?s tax cut package and against ?fast-track? trade authority. McVey?s views on political issues were much more conservative than Carson?s. He supported an amendment that would make flag burning illegal. opposed partial-birth abortion, and supported the right to bear arms. McVey also supported Bush?s policies on Iraq and taxes."
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Advertisements for The Times, 2007.
An analysis of how the content and style of advertisements change with the times.
806 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the ways in which advertisements represent the culture of the times. It looks at advertisements from as far back as the 18th century and compares their style and content to the types of advertisements that are found in modern times. The paper discusses, briefly, how over time, it was no longer the product, but the advertisement of the product that was selling the item and it gives some examples to illustrate this.
From the Paper
"Some of the first advertisements that ran in the United States were, not surprisingly, for lost slaves. During the 18th century thousands of slaves escaped from their masters in the Southern colonies as seen by the huge number of advertisements in the newspapers. The amount of runaways was not large enough to harm the foundation of slavery. Slave owners took safety measures to prevent the problem from growing too large. In the Southern colonies, for example, an elaborate network of laws was established for the prevention, apprehension and punishment of these slaves. These laws developed concerned a number of different areas concerning fugitives. They were not completely effective, however, as proven by the number of slaves advertised as fugitives."
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What Do These Two Advertisements Mean?, 2006.
A comparison between two seemingly different advertisements that actually have a fair amount in common.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper compares two advertisements, those for (Item A) VO5 brand Power! Control Styling Gel and (Item B) the fragrance Goddess by Kimora Lee Simmons. This paper compares these particular advertisements due to their target audience, stereotypes portrayed, modern popular culture, traditional culture and the desires and beliefs of Western culture. This paper argues that, despite superficial similarities in the advertisements, closer examination reveals considerable differences between the two particularly in terms of appeal and target audience.
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Advertisements Analyzed, 2002.
Addresses three advertisements in terms of effective marketing strategies.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a detailed description of three hard- copy advertisements and a justification of which of these ads is the "best" ad. While this paper is an evaluative argument and therefore does not require additional support from outside sources, the writer is asked to justify which of the three advertisements is considered the most effective ad in terms of capturing the attention of the consumer and effectively directing this attention towards the product. Various additional factors, such as the purpose of the product and the relevance of the advertisement, are also of note.
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Children's Advertisements, 2002.
A look at the psychology of children's advertisements through an advert for J.C. Penney.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper is on a children's advertisement from J.C. Penney. Advertisements are often geared to draw the interests of the "child" in the adult. Boys are often used more than girls in advertisements.
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The Valley Campaigns, 2006.
An analysis of the Valley Campaigns of the American Civil War.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Valley Campaigns of the American Civil War. The author argues that the outcome of the campaigns shows that appropriate tactics and quality leadership determined victory in the particular terrain and physical conditions. The Union was victorious due to outstanding leadership and knowledge of the battlefield. The confederacy's defeat is considered in terms of poor leadership and mistreatment of officers toward regular soldiers.
From the Paper
"The strategy pitted Grant, Meade and Butler against Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, whereby Franz Sigel would invade the Shenandoah Valley and cut off Lee's supply lines; Sherman to take Georgia and Atlanta; and Nathaniel Banks to capture Mobile, Alabama (Wikipedia 2005). Lee sent Jubal Early to contain the impact of David Hunter's offensive in the Valley and, if possible, to trouble Washington and force Grant to reduce his forces in Petersburg, Virginia. Early managed to traverse the Valley un-opposed, crossed Harpers Ferry and the Potomac River and drove into Maryland. In response, Grant sent troops under Horatio G. Wright and George Crook to handle Early and strengthen the position of Washington (Wikipedia, Feis 1993, Sifakis 2005). "
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Corporations and Political Campaigns, 2004.
A discussion of why corporations should be banned from spending to influence political campaigns.
1,327 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces the topic of corporations' spending to influence political campaigns and specifically discusses why they should be prohibited from doing so. It looks at how these corporations are able pick and choose where they exert their power and how most of them contribute the maximum amount allowable by law to political campaigns. It argues that these contributions, known as "soft money" in the political world, should be prohibited because they go against the meaning of the U.S. Constitution and because they influence the candidates in ways that often do not benefit their constituents. Political contributions from large corporations are not the American way, and they should be banned entirely to add integrity back into the election process.
From the Paper
"There are numerous reasons why these continuing political contributions should be stopped. First, they are completely out of control, and are defining the way candidates run for office in our country. Political campaigns of past eras were shorter, and much less expensive. Today, campaigns seem to last forever, and the budgets are tremendous. For example, the 1998 governor's race in California cost $100 million, and Senate races can cost $25 million or more, and the costs are rising every day (Hrebenar, Burbank, and Benedict 6). Arnold Schwarzenegger spent nearly $27 million to win the recall election in California just a few months ago, and the total spent by all the candidates was $88 million. Even more astounding, Ex-Governor Gray Davis left office owing his campaign money."
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Advertising Campaigns, 2004.
This paper examines the advertising campaigns of sportswear giant, Nike; small microbrewer, Stone Brewing; and Internet-based Amazon.com.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that effective advertising campaigns are essential to a company?s financial success; a good ad campaign can be a key to a company?s success. The author points out that Nike uses a slick mass market advertising strategy; whereas, the microbrewery targets its consumers and potential buyers through trade magazines. The paper relates that the advertising campaign of Internet-based Amazon.com is like Nike?s in its broad, ambitious scope, but lacks all the artistry of either Nike or Stone Brewing. Amazon.com places small ads on a multitude of websites, enticing web surfers to view items related to whatever it is they are searching for on the Internet.
From the Paper
"Smaller companies, such as those listed in "Inc." magazine, work with a smaller budget and therefore generally produce less dramatic television commercial spots. Moreover, smaller companies cannot afford the prime time Olympics spots like Nike can. Even so, a host of smaller companies do produce effective, engaging advertisements that target a specific consumer group and leave definite brand imprints. One example is a microbrewery based out of San Marcos, California. Listed in the Inc 500 list, Stone Brewing delivers an effective, artistically brilliant and humorous advertising campaign that manages to bypass television or radio. Instead, Stone Brewing focuses its attention on trade magazines and specialty publications and relies more on clever marketing than on slick ads."
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Personal Advertisements, 2007.
Studies the differences of men and women in the attributes they seek in a date by using a content analysis of personal advertisements.
2,805 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 57.95
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Abstract
This research paper replicates a content analysis of personal advertisements by homosexual and heterosexual men and women that was done by M.H. Gonzales and S.A. Meyers (1993). The paper compares and contrasts the characteristics offered and requested by homosexual and heterosexual men and women in ads in 2007. Although the specific advertisements are not listed, the author includes the data coding sheets for characteristics offered and sought as written in the the "Vancouver Province" and the "Georgia Straight" newspapers. The paper reports that, overall, women are portrayed as beautiful. When people are looking for a date, they want one that is fun, easy to talk to, humorous and attractive.
Table of Contents:
Data Coding Sheet: Characteristics Offered
Data Coding Sheet: Characteristics Sought
Other Studies
From the Paper
"I have created two tables (adding a few categories: race, age, marital status, price and hair color) and will compare and contrast the characteristics offered and requested by homosexual and heterosexual men and women in ads in 2007 (14 years later!). I confess that this is not my idea of a great way to spend a day. Most happily married mothers read other things! My husband maintains that men don't place ads because women don't look in the paper for guys (I never did!). He says that women on the other hand do because men look at newspaper ads.'
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