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Advanced Hypothesis Testing, 2007.
An analysis of the methods and conclusions of an advanced hypothesis test regarding teen pregnancies in the United States.
1,465 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper details a hypothesis (regarding teen pregnancies in the United States) using varying statistics and statistical methods performed on data. It includes a hypothesis statement and details for the performance of the five-step hypothesis test on the data. The paper also includes a description of the results of the tests and a comparison of the results from the new hypothesis to the former.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Hypothesis A
Analysis of Hypothesis A
Further Research Consideration
Hypothesis B
Analysis of Hypothesis B
Hypothesis Comparisons
Conclusion
Appendix I
From the Paper
"The United States, compared with all developed countries of the world, has one of the highest per capita pregnancy rates of teenagers (King, 2005). According to data posted on the March of Dimes website, the number of teenage girls that become pregnant each year is about 860,000. Although the statistics are alarming, evidence of a change in the trend is apparent. The National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention produced data revealing a 23% decline in birth rates of unmarried teenagers in the past decade (King, 2005). This report will explore a specific influence that has affected the declining trend. Two hypotheses will be presented as support along with a description and analysis of the hypothesis testing."
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Hypothesis Testing, 2007.
This paper is an introductory description of the five-steps of hypothesis testing.
1,055 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper uses the hypothesis statement, "The typical American drinks on average 3 or more 8 oz. caffeine beverages a day" to demonstrate hypothesis testing. The author points out the steps in the five-step hypothesis test: (1) formulate a null and an alternative hypothesis; (2) select a level of significance or risk for the research; (3) identify the test statistic; (4) formulate a decision rule and (5) do the calculations and make a decision. The paper relates that hypothesis testing can be used to test any claim about a parameter.
Table of Contents:
Research Issue
Hypothesis
Five-Step Hypothesis Test
Results
Other Uses of Hypothesis Testing
Excel Spreadsheets
Hypothesis Test: Mean vs. Hypothesized Value
From the Paper
"A one-tail test is a test that indicates a direction. This direction can be indicated by the use of words such as less than or more than, or it can be indicated by the use of the greater or less than mathematical signs. The direction of the tail is determined by which direction the alternate hypothesis points. A two-tail test is needed when the words or signs equal and not equal are used. By looking at the hypotheses, Team B determined that they will be conducting a one-tail test to the right."
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Hypothesis Testing and Child Development, 2002.
Briefly describes the process of hypothesis testing in child development.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, £ 18.95
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Abstract
Hypothesis testing is an extremely crucial aspect of the scientific process, for without being able to prove a hypothesis a given theory can be considered an inaccurate hypothesis, or a failure. Therefore, the need to demonstrate the accuracy of a given hypothesis is crucial to proving the accuracy of the theory itself. This paper explains how this type of testing is applied to child development.
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The Confusing World of Null Hypothesis Statistical Testing, 2002.
This paper analyses the Null Hypothesis Significance Test (NHST), emphasizing arguments posed by Cohen, Bakan and Rozeboom.
2,418 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the claim that the null hypothesis is always false, as well as the problems with misinterpretations of the significance level. The writer brings to question the editors of psychological journals for the emphasis placed on achieving a low significance level as an unofficial criterion for publishing an article. The paper attempts to informally critique the Significance Test, an alternative to the traditional NHST.
From the Paper
"The Null Hypothesis Significance Test (NHST) exists amid a great deal of tradition and controversy. Like any theory, NHST has its strong points and its weak points. While a number of learned scholars appear to agree that the NHST has become ritualized and perhaps misinterpreted, no one seems to honestly feel that the NHST should be completely abolished (Cohan, 1994; Bakan, 1967; Rozeboom, 1960). R.A. Fisher (1951) pioneered the notion of the null hypothesis (H0), which was designed to compliment the hypothesis in which the researcher was interested. Thus the null hypothesis, in Fisher?s view, was the hypothesis to be revealed as false, or ?nullified? (Bakan, 1967). An example of this would be if a researcher hypothesized that Psychology students have different IQ scores than English students. The null hypothesis (H0) would state that Psychology students and English students IQ scores are equal. Therefore, rejecting the null hypothesis would logically imply that the hypothesis of interest, the alternate hypothesis (H1), was correct. The significance level (p < .05, etc.), is designed to be a measure of the probability that, given H0 is true, these (or possibly more extreme data) could occur (Cohen, 1994)."
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Hypothesis Testing, 2002.
This paper discusses the designing and implementing of a study to test a hypothesis.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper considers how an experimental test may be designed and implemented. The author designs a two-stage study, explains the various controls used and includes recognition of the limitations of such as study. The author uses the example of the hypothesis that left handed persons have lower levels of emotional control than right handed people.
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ANOVA Testing, 2007.
An analysis of the methods and results of hypothesis testing using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) computation.
1,554 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper details a hypothesis (regarding teen pregnancies in the United States) using a varying statistics and statistical methods performed on data. It includes a hypothesis statement and details for the performance of the five-step hypothesis test on the data. The paper also includes a description of the results of the tests and a comparison of the results from the new hypothesis to the former. The paper then includes an analysis of variance (ANOVA) computation for the data and an interpretation of the results.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
ANOVA
Research Issue
Primary Research Data
Interpretation of Primary Data
Secondary Research Data
ANOVA Testing
ANOVA Interpretation
Conclusion
Appendix I
From the Paper
"Due to the high social cost associated with teen pregnancy in the United States, much research has been performed on the variables influencing the trend. Team A has conducted numerous studies to obtain primary and secondary data for determining relevant, influential factors affecting teen pregnancy rates. This paper will provide a summary of the research data obtained by Team A, along with an analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the data. Additionally, the results of the ANOVA testing will be interpreted."
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Customer Relationship Management (CRM), 2007.
This paper is a complete research study, including an extensive literature review, exploring how pharmaceutical companies can achieve long term customer relationship in Gulf council countries (GCC).
11,070 words (approx. 44.3 pages), 63 sources, APA, £ 151.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the independent variables for this study about customer relationship management (CRM) are (1) I.T. infrastructure, (2) top management support, (3) team building, (4) role specification, (5) communication, (6) common bond (7) planning process, (8) system integration, (9) employee motivation and (10) monitoring processes. The author reports that the study methodology involved an online questionnaire used to survey 100 doctors, pharmacists and other health and financial authorities in Kuwait. The paper includes many statistics and tables.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Principles of CRM?
Benefits of CRM
Trends of CRM Formation
Why CRM Fail?
CRM Strategy
Limitations of CRM
CRM in Global Context or in Developing Countries
CRM Performance Indicators
Factors Influencing CRM Performance
General Framework of the Study
Research Hypotheses
I.T. Infrastructure
Top Management Support
Team Building
Role Specification
Communication
Common Bond
Planning Process
System Integration
Employee Motivation
Monitoring Processes
Methodology
Research Design
Sampling Unit
Sampling Frame
Method of Selecting the Sample Elements
Participants
Data Collection
Scale Development
Data Analysis
Dependent Variable
Independent Variables
Questionnaires
Reliability and Validity of the Results
Delimitations
Ethical Issues
Results, Data Analysis and Discussion
Results
Question 1
Hypothesis Testing Of Regression B/W IT Infrastructure and CRM
Statements
Calculation
Question 2
Hypothesis Testing of Regression B/W Top Management Support and CRM
Statement
Calculation
Question 3
Hypothesis Testing of Regression B/W CRM and CRM-Teams
Statement
Calculation
Question 4
Hypothesis Testing of Regression B/W CRM and Role Specification
Statement
Calculation
Question 5
Hypothesis Testing of Regression B/W CRM and Communication
Statement
Calculation
Question 6
Hypothesis Testing of Regression B/W CRM and Common Bonds
Statement
Calculation
Question 7
Hypothesis Testing of Regression B/W CRM and Planning Process
Statement
Calculation
Question 8
Hypothesis Testing of Regression B/W CRM and System Integration
Statement
Calculation
Question 9
Hypothesis Testing of Regression B/W CRM and Employee Motivation
Statement
Calculation
Question 10
Hypothesis Testing of Regression B/W CRM and Monitoring Process
Statement
Calculation
Significance and Conclusion
Who Should Use CRM?
Implications
The Future of CRM?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The fourth question explored the relationship between CRM and role specification. Question five explores the relationship between CRM and communication. The answers of the respondents have been summarized in Table 5.1. Thirty four (34) respondents asserted that it is "extremely likely" that companies with clear communication patterns will be highly successful in maintaining long-term CRM. Ten (10) respondents asserted that it is "Quite likely" that companies with clear communication patterns will be highly successful in maintaining long-term CRM."
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Advanced Practice Nursing, 2005.
This paper defines advanced practice nursing, its core competencies and scope of practice.
845 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that advanced practice nurse are registered nurses including nurse practitioners, nurse-midwifes, nurse anesthetists and clinical nurse specialists, who hold authorization from a board to practice, based on the completion of a recognized advanced educational program. The author points out that core competency of advanced practice nurses include the application and adaptation of advanced skills in unstable and complex environments, the ability to apply advanced clinical reasoning including the use of advanced complete assessment, the acceptance of referrals and consultation from other health care professionals and team work with other health care providers. The paper relates that an advanced practice nurse is supposed to diagnose a patient and recognize the underlying problem and then provide adequate treatment, which includes the prescription of medicines as well as administering anesthetics.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Definition
Core Competencies
Scope of Practice
From the Paper
"Further, their nature of practice further includes research work and the utilization of research within the scope of their practice. They are allowed to admit patients to hospitals and the authority to refer patients to other healthcare professionals like licensed physicians and dentists. Additionally an advanced practice nurse also gives consulting services to other healthcare providers. They have professional autonomy and independent practice which also includes management. Moreover they are to manage the physical and mental illness status of the patient with regard to nursing care."
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Computerized Mathematics Testing, 2007.
This paper describes a study on the use of computer-based testing to assess the mathematical skills of high school students.
3,032 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 30 sources, APA, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This study analyzes results of the Virginia Standards of Learning tests. The author contrasts one group of high school students who used online computerized methods of testing versus the second group, who were tested with the traditional "paper-pencil" method. The author argues that computer-based testing is in its preliminary phases. This study, therefore, is intended to let scholars research the dependability of these tests. This research begins to fill this gap and offer future direction for additional research to be carried out.
Outline:
Abstract
Statement of Problem
Rationale of Study
Research Objectives
Literature Review
Hypothesis
Methodology
Participants
Measures
Procedure
Implications and Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The control of computers is the seeming dominant feature at the closing stages of the twentieth century. In the 1970s computers operated behind closed doors to tally books, record paychecks, organize weather newscasts, and perform whichever errands whose qualities frequently incorporated repellent recurring processes. The 1980s saw a transformation. Computers took a permanent position in the forefront of firms and businesses. Soon after, the computers replaced the human employees in the department of customer services. Personal computers with telecommunication were more common. Nowadays, the computers handle far more complicated procedures than what they did before. "Machine intelligence", "Inference engines", and "Expert Systems" are expressions that are gradually growing in trend. "
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Efficient Market Hypothesis, 2006.
An examination of the critiques on efficient market hypothesis for portfolio management strategies.
3,220 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 22 sources, MLA, £ 63.95
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Abstract
Many studies on the efficient market hypothesis (EMH) and portfolio management suggest that the majority of professional investment managers cannot regularly beat a buy-and-hold strategy on a risk-adjusted basis. This paper attempts to examine the critiques on the efficient market hypothesis and the trend of the investors, financial analysts and portfolio managers to gather information to obtain excess-return. It begins with a brief description of the efficient market hypothesis and an outline of the characteristics associated with it, followed by a brief description of the new critiques against this hypothesis. It also discusses the relevant patterns that predict an excess return adjusted to the risk as well as new strategies applied by the investors.
Outline
Introduction
Efficient Market Hypothesis
Under-Reaction to New Information
Technical Trading Rules
Contrarian Strategy
Seasonality Anomaly
Predictable Patterns Based on Valuation Parameters
Book Value-Market Value Ratio
Initial Dividend Yields
Initial Price-Earnings Multiples
Predictable Patterns Based on Firm Characteristics
Insider Trading Abnormal Profit
Emerging Markets
Conclusion
From the Paper
"New conditions to beat the efficient market hypothesis has supported the shift away from market performance theories, based purely on mathematical or logical bases, to psychology and economics that offer some predictable patterns. (Mills, Roger p.37)
In fact the investment analysis still play an important role in decision-making concerning the purchase and sale of ordinary shares.(Arnold and Moizer 1984 p.195) The survey conducted by Arnold and Moizer (1984) suggests that the analyst use a common general pattern to appraise the ordinary shares using fundamental analysis like primary analysis technique to indentify shares over/under-valued. The other techniques, like technical analysis and beta anlysis, have a different purpose. The former is to determine the timing of the purchase and the latter is to evaluate the performance of portfolio management.(Arnold and Moizer, p.205)"
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The Gaia Hypothesis, 1992.
Explores the roots of this ancient hypothesis and the Lovelock and Margulis theory, examining "Earth heals itself," James Kirchner's criticism and concludes that the hypothesis is infeasible.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, £ 32.95
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From the Paper
"The last few years have witnessed a renewed interest in ecology and the environment not seen since the 1960's. A number of factors have led to this interest. First, people are more aware of damages to the environment. Pollution affects vegetation, deceases agricultural yields and inflicts losses on the timber industry. Studies have indicated that pollution may have negative long term effects on our climate due to the "greenhouse effect". "Acid rain" is affecting the world's forests. Second, people are more aware of the hazards of pollution to their lives and health. Third, people are more aware of the consequences of the depletion of species. Since 1600 A.D., thirty-six species of mammals and ninety-four species of birds have become extinct.. Fourth, people are more aware of the depletion of resources and fossil fuels and their impact on ..."
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Advanced Degrees in Nursing, 2007.
This paper discuses the many levels of advanced nursing degrees and their need in the profession.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the rapidly changing healthcare environment requires various levels of nursing educational preparation, which involve advanced levels of competence. The author points out that the scope of practice becomes wider as advanced degrees create an impressive variety of practice settings. The paper describes many types of advanced nursing, which can be completed at a university or online. The author stresses that nurses have an ethical demand to pursue advanced practices because of the professional principle of beneficence, which refers to doing well and working in the best interests of the patient and because of the more salient principle of autonomy. The author summarizes that an advanced level of nursing practice maximizes the use of in-depth nursing knowledge and skill for meeting the needs of the individual patient, family and the community.
From the Paper
"The Bachelor of Science in Nursing is a four-year baccalaureate degree program for non-nurses which leads to RN licensure. The baccalaureate degree is the minimum requirement for entry into professional nursing practice. This requirement resulted from the American Nurses Association's (ANA's) position paper requesting the baccalaureate degree as the minimum preparation for practice. The basis for that degree was the observation by the ANA of significant changes in the practice of nursing, which included important theoretical formulations, scientific discoveries, technological advances, and the development of new treatments."
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Advanced Production Planning and Control, 2007.
This paper evaluates the advanced planning and control strategies companies use in the computer industry, with a specific focus on the global laptop sector.
2,452 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper provides an assessment of Dell and Gateway and explains that these two manufacturers have revolutionized advanced production planning and control techniques. The paper profiles the unique strategies of each company and then analyzes their use of advanced production planning and control, specifically in a build-to-order and product customization environment.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Evaluating Dell's Unique Strategy for Advanced Production Planning and Control
Gateway's Approach to Advanced Production Planning and Control
Summary
From the Paper
"Dell Computer Corporation attained revenue of $55.9B in the latest fiscal year period ending February 3, 2006 (Dell Investor, 2006). At the time of this writing Dell had not yet released its fiscal 2007 figures. The is a global leader in the selling, manufacturing and servicing of laptop, desktop, server, storage area networks, and enterprise-class rack-mounted systems for both the consumer and business markets. Dell is also a recognized leader in the sales of Intel-based systems of all types to educational and government institutions. The company rose to prominence in this industry due to its unique direct selling model combined with build-to-order manufacturing that is considered the most efficient in this industry."
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The Roles of the Advanced Practice Nurse, 2008.
An analysis of the roles of the advanced practice nurse and an interview with a nurse practitioner regarding two particular competencies of the profession.
2,160 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the term 'advanced practice nurse' and four distinct roles involved in being such a nurse. The paper points out that all of these roles are based on six core competencies besides the central competency of direct care. The paper includes an interview with a nurse practitioner, focusing on two of those competencies which are derived from Ann Hamric's "Model of Advanced Practice Nursing". The paper concludes that the most important core competency on the basis of this interview is collaboration.
Outline:
Introduction
Advanced Practice Nurse: Four Roles
Interview
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The nurse practitioner acts as a primary care or specialty care provider and also as a consultant to individual patients, families, and communities (AANP, 2002). The nurse practitioner is concerned with medical as well as nursing issues, health promotion and maintenance, prevention of disease and acute and chronic disease diagnosis and management (AANP, 2002). Advanced practice nurses work in a variety of settings such as neonatal, pediatric, gerontology, women's health, school and occupational health, adult critical care or family care, and specialize in illnesses such as AIDS (Becker & Kaplow, 2006; AANP, 2002). The advanced practice nurse is not only a skilled nursing clinician but a practice leader who is able to create a significant impact on care across a wide range of settings. Advanced practice nurses work to optimize outcomes for patients, the family, health care providers, and the health organization/system (Becker & Kaplow)."
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