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Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), 2005.
An opinion paper that explains that ADD does exist and treatment is almost always required.
874 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper argues against the recent trend of people who claim that children with ADD / ADHD do not need treatment and can cope without it. The writer posits that to deny treatment for ADD or ADHD to children (or adults) who genuinely need it, however, is both a medical and a social irresponsibility, which could arguably cost such individuals possibilities of happier, better-adjusted, more productive lives.
From the Paper
"Based on a combination of medical evidence, anecdotal evidence, and weak arguments for its lack of existence, then, I believe that Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) ADHD definitely do exist. It may be true that in some cases, drugs like Ritalin may be over prescribed, as a mistaken diagnosis, to keep children quiet and subdued, etc., and in those cases, such a diagnosis is unfortunate. To avoid such misdiagnoses, however, parents, teachers, psychiatrists, and others, need to be especially careful that (1) a preponderance of DSM-IV-listed symptoms really do exist; and (2) that such symptoms have existed for at least six months."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder & Ritalin, 1996.
Discussion of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) & Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Further discussion of the drug Ritalin with an analysis of its frequency of prescription.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, £ 54.95
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From the Paper
"Why do doctors over prescribe Ritalin and why do they prescribe Ritalin more than any other medication for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? This paper will discuss ADHD and the possible reasons Ritalin is so popularly used in this disorder.
Attention deficit disorder (ADD), or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), can be debilitating and is widespread. For the most part, this condition is considered a childhood disorder. Most of the research involves children but more attention is now being given to older adolescents and adults. It is thought that ADHD lessens as children grow into..."
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Attention Deficit Disorder, 2008.
A look at the over-diagnosis of attention deficit disorder (ADD) in America's children.
993 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an examination of attention deficit disorder (ADD) and the argument that it is over-diagnosed. The writer explores the disorder and discusses its manifestations, medications and why there are experts who believe it is being diagnosed at random.
Outline:
Introduction
The Causes of ADD
Misdiagnosis
Analysis
From the Paper
"The science of ADD is becoming more clear but as of today, there still is not a definitive way to diagnosis whether or not a child has ADD. Medical research has linked the possibility of genetics to the disorder, however, there is also a school of thought that a chaotic home environment contributes to many cases being diagnosed. While it has been demonstrated that there probably is a disorder that is ADD and the symptoms are common to those who have it, the time has come to step back and ask society whether or not the children of America are being over diagnosed and over medicated. "
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 2004.
An analysis of the increase in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD/ADHD) and the various treatments available.
2,285 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 13 sources, APA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the increase in the number of children identified as suffering from Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder, or AD(H)D. Two pertinent areas are debated in an attempt to provide a logical solution to developing coping strategies for the child, as well as his or her educators and family. One, the writer believes that the escalation of ADD/ADHD cases is, in part, due to inappropriate developmental expectations that cause some learners to be regarded as 'learning disabled' or underachievers. Two, because our schools and culture esteem the highly articulate or logical people in our society, uniform teaching methods in the classroom should be reviewed to also include alternative teaching methods that recognize diverse intelligences, so that individuals with a unique way of thinking and learning are recognized and acknowledged and not marginalized. The paper also includes information on pharmacological treatment and psycho-social therapeutic techniques as relevant treatment for children diagnosed with ADD/ADHD.
Outline
Introduction
Definition of ADD/ADHD
Symptoms
Thesis Statement
Developmental Expectations
Alternative Teaching Philosophy
Treatment
Pharmacological Treatment
Psychosocial Therapeutic Techniques
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Sometimes the term 'attention deficit disorder', referred to as ADD, is used as an alternative to describing 'hyperactivity' at the severe end of the spectrum. ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity. This mental condition is under-recognized and includes symptoms such as forgetfulness, poor academic performance, difficulty completing tasks and being easily distracted. Children suffering from ADHD are also fidgety and inclined to interrupt others. "ADHD is also characterized by multiple symptoms of persistent and dysfunctional patterns of over-activity, impulsiveness, inattention, and distractibility". (Behavior Disorders, 2003). Severe hyperactivity is also called hyperkinetic disorder, which is only diagnosed when all three main features - impulsiveness, over-activity and inattention - are present. In addition, the presence of these traits should be consistent at school and at home and have to be placed in the context of the overall development of the child."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 2008.
This paper explores the effectiveness of treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
4,088 words (approx. 16.4 pages), 20 sources, APA, £ 76.95
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Abstract
The paper defines and describes attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in order to research the side effects of psychotropic medication in children when compared with herbal remedies. The paper also examines behavior modification implemented in the classroom. The paper then shows how each of these treatments has advantages and disadvantages and concludes that more research is needed.
Outline:
Introduction
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Treatments for ADHD
Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to the National Institutes of Health, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder was first brought to the attention of the medical and psychological communities in 1902 when Sir George Still published lectures that were given to the Royal College of Physicians in England. The lectures discussed children displaying impulsive behavior as a result of a genetic dysfunction. The symptoms associated with ADHD include hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention ("Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder"; Barondes, 2003)."
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Attention Deficit Disorder, 2006.
Describes how a relative of the paper's author has been affected by attention deficit disorder.
1,760 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses what is has been like living with attention deficit disorder (ADD) from the point of view the uncle of this paper's author. The paper explains that the uncle was not diagnosed with ADD until he was an adult, but that the diagnosis explains a lot of the uncle's past and present behavior. The paper also explains that, overall, being diagnosed has been beneficial for the uncle and also points out that not all characteristics associated with ADD are necessarily negative and some, in fact, are quite positive.
From the Paper
"I chose to write about Attention Deficit Disorder because an uncle of mine (I will call him "Uncle Bill") was recently diagnosed with it. Uncle Bill is about 40 years old and admits he has had a hard time living a normal adult life. He is glad he was diagnosed but also a little confused. According to the research I have found, it is called "ADD" or "ADHD" or "AD/HD," the abbreviation used in DSM-IV. Sources say that it has to begin in childhood but often lasts throughout life, making problems for the person as an adult as well as during childhood (Arcus, 2001). According to Uncle Bill, who was willing to talk to me quite freely about this, his would have been diagnosed in childhood except that when he was a child, his doctor tells him, it was often overlooked. Research I found say that from 3% - 9% of children may have AD/HD. (Smucker & Hedayat, 2001)."
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Attention Deficit Disorder, 2004.
An analysis of teaching students with Attention Deficit Disorder.
1,390 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issues to be considered when teaching students with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD or ADHD). The paper examines the criteria for diagnosing ADD or ADHD. Possible treatments are explored and the paper enumerated different methods for dealing with the ADD and ADHD student. The paper explains that patience and consistency are the most important attributes required of parents and teachers of ADD and ADHD children.
From the Paper
"DSM IV Criteria indicates that six or more of the following must be present in the Impulsivity type for at least six months. The problem must be to a degree that is maladaptive and inconsistent with developmental level. DSM IV Criteria consists of six or more of the following for Impulsivity ADD. If a child, adolescent or adult fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in their seat or leaves their seat in the classroom. Runs about or climbs excessively in situations when it is inappropriate. Has difficulty playing or engaging in leisure activities quietly, on the go, so to speak. Is found to blurt out answers before questions have been completed. Has difficulty waiting turn. Interrupts or intrudes on others. Some symptoms that caused impairment must be present before seven years of age. Some impairment is present in two or more settings. Clear evidence is needed of clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning. Symptoms do not occur exclusively during the course of pervasive developmental disorder, schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder, not better accounted for by another disorder. (American Psychiatric Association. DSM IV-TR. Washington DC. 2000)"
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Teaching Methods, 2005.
A look at the problem of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and methods for teaching children suffering from this disorder.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 25 sources, APA, £ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper describes and discusses various methods for teaching children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The paper also discusses the difficulties encountered by children with ADHD.
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The Attention Deficit Disorder, 2001.
An analysis of the causes, symptoms and therapies of the attention deficit disorder.
1,445 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 3 sources, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the myths and the true facts about the Attention attention deficit disorder. The author provides an overview of the causes for and the symptoms of the disorder. Then, he introduces behavioral and drug therapies available to patients today.
From the Paper
"Before we turn to a discussion of the ways in which ADD may be treated we must first define what exactly we mean by this term, which is used by the lay public to refer to a wide range of behaviors. The condition that is now referred to as ADD (and which is also rather confusingly called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) was until quite recently usually called hyperactivity. It was also believed to be found only in children who exhibited its typical symptoms of being easily distracted, often restless and often irritable, as well as impulsive and easily upset and excited. It was also believed that such symptoms reflected a history of abusive behavior towards the child or consistent poor parenting, Now scientists believe that ADD is a lifetime condition rather than something that affects children alone and that its basis is biochemical and genetic rather than an expression of psychological trauma. "
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 2005.
An overview of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, its symptoms, etiology and treatment.
3,064 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper takes an in-depth look at the behavioral disorder known as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), providing first a general definition of the disorder, a description of typical symptoms associated with ADHD, and an explanation of why it is difficult to understand the etiology of ADHD. It then describes the difficulty in assessing and diagnosing children with ADHD, discusses what is known about the etiology of the disorder, and looks at treatment options available for ADHD. The paper also briefly discusses what is known about ADHD in adults and concludes by noting that additional areas of study are required in order to obtain a better understanding of ADHD.
Assessment and Diagnosis
Etiology
Treatment
Comorbidity
ADHD in Adults
From the Paper
"Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a very controversial disorder, and its diagnosis, unfortunately, is only empirical. ADHD is a "very loosely defined assemblage of neuropsychiatric clusters appearing in childhood and often persisting into adolescence and even adulthood" (Kidd, 2000). The most common symptoms of ADHD include age-inappropriate inattention/inability to stay focused, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. However, other symptoms may often include things such as restlessness, mood swings, temper tantrums, problems completing tasks, disorganization, and an inability to cope with stress (Kidd, 2000)."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, 2002.
A detailed examination of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD).
1,046 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces the common childhood disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and discusses the signs, symptoms, affects and treatments of the disorder.
From the Paper
"Children with ADHD face a dual situation. They must face the fact that they have a disorder and be open to trying treatments that are often controversial. The drugs used to treat it have come under fire for many years and parents are often searching for natural treatments that will work. This discovery about massage helping the ADHD participants stay on task hints at future holistic success in treating the disorder."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD), 2008.
An examination of the growing incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
2,295 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 17 sources, APA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that ADHD is a neurological condition characterized by inattention and restlessness and is commonly diagnosed in early childhood. The paper states that there is a growing belief that ADHD is growing in incidence. The paper confirms the fact that attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has increased in incidence over a 10-year span in school-aged children.
Outline:
Introduction
Current Status of ADHD in the United States
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In November of 1998, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) invited 44 experts from across the United States in psychiatry, psychology, epidemiology, biostatistics, and pediatrics to "develop a consensus statement addressing key diagnostic and treatment issues" on ADHD (NIH, p. 1). What came out of this conference was a confirmation that ADHD is a valid disorder that may be measured, that impairs "functioning caused by inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity." They found a 3% to 5% incidence among school-aged children and noted a need to improve diagnosis, to enhance treatment and for better follow-up. There is a need for parents, teachers and healthcare providers to cooperate better in order to bring about the best assessment and treatment for these children. Stimulants appear to be the best treatment to relieve the symptoms of ADHD, though "the threshold of symptoms most appropriate for stimulant therapy had no consensus among the experts."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 2005.
An analysis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) through an examination of a case study.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study of a little girl called Theresa who is diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The paper explains the disorder and discusses the different symptoms evident in a child with ADHD. Different methods of treatment are explored. The paper contends that, while there are many speculative theories of the cause of ADHD, the actual cause is unknown.
From the Paper
"To offer a shared understanding of what attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is, the following case study is presented for the reader. Theresa is a five-year-old girl attending kindergarten in a small town. Prior to beginning kindergarten, Theresa seemed to be well adjusted and well liked by everyone. Everything changed when she started kindergarten. Theresa's teacher was sending home notes on a daily basis describing behavior that was not the normal for Theresa. According to her teacher, Theresa refused to follow the class rules and was causing problems and getting in fights with the other children. Naturally, Theresa's mother was concerned and worked diligently with the teacher to turn Theresa's behavior around. All to no avail. Theresa kept getting into trouble and her mother, in a last ditch effort, decided to take Theresa in to see a physician. The family physician referred Theresa to a child psychologist in hopes they would be able to make a diagnosis. Some of Theresa's abnormal behaviors included constant motion when she was suppose to be sitting down or resting quietly with the rest of the class, constant body motion when she was sitting (i.e. swinging her feet, tapping her hands on the desk), not paying attention to the teacher. The psychologists interviewed Theresa and her mother and observed Theresa for several hours. Of course the behaviors in question were all present during the entire interview. At the conclusion of the interview, the psychologist diagnosed Theresa with ADHD."
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Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, 2008.
An analysis of the significance of the lack of research into drug treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
2,210 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 22 sources, APA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the lack of research that exists with respect to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its treatment. It particularly discusses the research available with regard to drug treatment for the disorder. The paper discusses some of the issues related to ADHD, the research that is available and the areas that have not been clearly researched or are lacking definitive answers. The paper also discusses the significance of the lack of research and why more research needs to be done into this area.
From the Paper
"In closing, the last several pages have clearly shown that ADHD is a problem for which there are, as of yet, few definitive answers. This is significant because we are, in effect, plying children with drugs even as we have yet to determine which ones are best for which elements of ADHD - or if any one of the drug products now on the market really work at all in overcoming all of the symptoms that make Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder such a complex and frustrating thing to treat. When time is taken to review the literature, it is fairly clear that we should be retreating from our heavy reliance upon drugs in this matter until we can develop products capable of addressing all of the facets of ADHD and not merely one item or the next. Further, it would also help if we could arrive at some consensus about which drugs really work for which symptoms. In the end, much more work remains to be done."
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