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Acid Precipitation: Causes, Effects and Implications, 2001.
A look at what acid rain is, its causes and how it affects the environment.
2,910 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the definition and causes of acid rain, as well as its harmful effects on aquatic systems, forests, man-made structures and human health. It also discusses the global implications of acid rain as a migratory form of air pollution and how this presents problems in the regulatory arena, especially from an international standpoint--for example, when acid rain generated by factories in the southern U.S. states is blown by wind patterns across the Mexican border, or vice versa.
Table of Contents
Introduction
What is Acid Precipitation?
Definition
Common Pollutants and Reactions Involved
Sources of Acid Precipitation Pollutants
The Harmful Effects of Acid Precipitation
Effects on Aquatic Systems
Effects on Forests and Other Terrestrial Ecosystems
Effects on Man-Made Structures and Materials
Effects on Human Health
Global Implications of the Acid Precipitation Problem
Air Pollution Migration
The International Challenge
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Air pollution is a well-recognized environmental problem throughout the world. Studies have shown, time and time again, that the environmental and health-based impacts of air pollution are both detrimental and undeniable. One of the most important forms of air pollution for our society as a whole to recognize and deal with in an expedient manner is acid precipitation. Because of the very nature of this type of air pollution, the direct and indirect effects of acid precipitation are both far-reaching and difficult to get under control. Understanding more about the causes, effects, and implications of acid precipitation and its impacts on our daily lives is the first step that we all need to take in adopting a more proactive approach to solving this problem."
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Acid Rain and Freshwater Fish, 2006.
This informative paper examines the disastrous effects of acidic precipitation and aluminum toxicity on freshwater fish populations around the world.
2,360 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This well-researched and detailed paper explores the effects of acidic precipitation (acid rain) which has been a major factor in fish kills throughout countries in the northern hemisphere. The writer of this paper cites numerous studies which have linked aluminum toxicity along with acid rain as the main cause of fish extinction. This paper stresses the urgency in developing a successful management tool in determining the viability of fish populations in various natural settings. This paper also contains detailed information and results of various case studies as well as two graphs that support the author's claims in this report.
From the Paper
"The fish used in this experiment were obtained from a trout farm which ensures the relative similarity of the fishes used in the experiment. They were acclimated to artificial soft water for 2 weeks before they were used in the experiment. They were then transferred to flux chambers for the experiment and given 24 to 48 hours to recover from the handling stress before they were exposed for 24 hours to low-pH water (pH 4.4, 4.8, or 5.2) A control group (N=36) for each of these pHs was left in these conditions for 10 days. The experimental group after this 24 hour exposure to low pH levels were exposed to concentrations of Al of 111, 333, or 1000 ug/L at the same pH (N=72)."
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Nursing Implications, 2007.
A discussion on whether or not the implications of nursing pediatric patients recovering from transplant therapy differ from the implications of nursing adult and/or geriatric patients.
2,324 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explores whether or not the nursing implications change with regards to providing care to adult versus child transplant recipients. The paper looks at some of the obvious differences between children and adults but also takes time to explore the many similarities between patients of all ages. It also delves into the philosophical, possibly even moral, reservations some nursing professionals might have with treating certain patients and considers what the appropriate response should be. The paper also looks at the other "actors" - family members, even school officials - for whom the professional nurse must have proper deference and briefly considers the implications that these relationships will have upon the patients' long-term well-being.
From the Paper
"Transplant therapy for children versus transplant therapy for adults - especially older adults - is similar in the sense that both instances demand nursing professionals respect the pain and fearfulness of the subject's family. However, one can argue that any position which cleaves to the view that the two should not be treated differently is nonetheless a rather naive one. For one thing, elderly patients are not attending (or about to attend) school as are children. Because of this fact, Brosig (2006) insists that transplant teams should be in contact with school personnel so as to "optimize outcomes" via coming up with an individualized approach to facilitating the child's scholastic efforts."
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The Implications of Third World Military Industrialization, 1999.
An examination of the trends and implications of third world militarization and arms procurement process to find the factors that shape its growth and development.
5,380 words (approx. 21.5 pages), 16 sources, £ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the implications of third world military industrialization. Section one is an introduction to the topic, which among others states that it: "would be useful to examine the trends and implications of Third World militarization and arms procurement process to find the factors that shape its growth and development. Section two is devoted to an explanation of what these authors have hypothesized on the subject of third world militarization and its implications: Rodney Jones and Steven Hildreth, James Katz, Edward Kolodziej and Robert Harkavy, Miles Wolpin, and Ross Peterson. Section three describes the key variables that the writers selected authors have used as well as those that the writer would use in his own hypothesis. Section four addresses questions such as, ?In view of your operationalizations, how should you test the validity of the hypotheses?? Section five is a short summation and explanation of how one would recognize whether or not the statistical results from the hypothesis were proved, or disproved. Along with this there is discussion of potential statistical findings in terms of specified parameters, and future directions of this research project.
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The Ethical Implications of Human Cloning, 2004.
A consideration of the ethical implications of human cloning and the legal steps, if any, which should be taken to regulate this area of scientific development.
4,538 words (approx. 18.2 pages), 28 sources, APA, £ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the ethical implications surrounding reproductive and therapeutic cloning, including issues such as the right to an open future, commodification of children, the risk of psychological harm to the clone, the right to indiviudality and the "Kantian Ends and Means Dictum". It shows that although many moral objections to cloning can be theoretically rebutted, by adopting an approach which views the welfare of the resultant clone as the paramount consideration in the cloning debate, it is concluded that such a practice should never be allowed. It also considers the current legal regulation of cloning and concludes that the status quo should be maintained.
Outline
Introduction
Reproductive Cloning
Current Situation
Procreative Autonomy
Safety Implications
Intrinsic Sense of Immorality
Individuality
The Right to an Open Future
Commodification
Psychological Harm
Human Dignity and the Kantian ?Ends and Means? Dictum
Fear of Eugenics
Therapeutic Cloning
The Moral Status of the Embryo
The ?Slippery Slope? Argument
Should Therapeutic Cloning be Permissible?
Legal Regulation of Cloning
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the central tenets of the cloning debate is whether a person has the right, as articulated by Dworkin, to ?procreative autonomy?. He defines this as a right to control one?s own role in procreation unless the state has a compelling reason for denying them that control. Following from this, Harris contends that ?genetic imperative? is a fundamental aspect of the right to procreative autonomy and since society grants the legitimacy of genetic aspirations in so many cases and indeed the use of advanced technology to meet such desires, only compelling and serious reasons could deny people such wishes in the case of cloning. Although Dworkin and Harris assert that there is insufficient evidence of harm to justify interfering with this freedom of an individual, a consideration of the following ethical issues will demonstrate that what is at stake if cloning is permitted outweighs the right of an individual to procreative freedom."
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Social Implications of Media, 2005.
An analysis of the significance of Marshall McLuhan's theoretical models of media and their social implications.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the significance of Marshall McLuhan's theoretical models of media. It suggests that the theory can often be obscured by the aphoristic quality of McLuhan's language. This essay argues, through the application of McLuhan's theories to William Shaw's "In Helsinki Virtual Village" and Longford and Crow's "From the Electronic Cottage to the Silicon Sweatshop," the significance of McLuhan's theoretical models lies in their focus on the often unforeseen social implications of advances in media technologies.
From the Paper
"The Social Implications of Media The significance of Marshall McLuhan's theoretical models of media can often be obscured by the aphoristic quality of McLuhan's language. However, as this essay will argue through the application of McLuhan's theories to William Shaw's "In Helsinki Virtual Village" and Longford and Crow's "From the Electronic Cottage to the Silicon Sweatshop," the significance of McLuhan's theoretical models lies in their focus on the often unforeseen social implications of advances in media technologies."
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Implications of a Market-Based Approach for Transplant Organs, 2002.
This paper considers the moral and economic implications of the concept of allocating organs to transplant patients on a market-based approach, contrasting it to the current waiting list approach.
2,977 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that there are economically sound justifications for considering some form of free market approach for transplant organs. It is clear that transplant organs are scarce; nature does not freely provide as many organs as transplant patients want. Moreover, from an economic point of view, there certainly is an organ shortage; the going rate for a liver is below the equilibrium or market-clearing price and so more organs are demanded than could possibly be supplied at current price levels. The paper shows that allowing an organ market to better allocate these products to as many needy patients as possible seems like an improvement upon the current system. However, the proper method of organ allocation cannot be determined without considering the ethical implications of a market-based approach. The paper, therefore, first addresses the ethical issues involved in this matter. Following this is an analysis of the economic, political and social aspects of a free market for organs.
From the Paper
"The current method of allocating transplant organs in the Unites States, under a system administered by the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), involves a waiting list. In general, the sickest patients on this list will receive their organs the soonest. However, because the list is so long, most of the patients will die waiting. This situation has led to the advocacy of allowing a free market to develop for allocating transplant organs. The primary objective of this plan is to let supply and demand mechanisms determine who gets organs (and when), as a substitute for the current need-based approach. Throughout this discussion, the central characteristic of a successful alternative allocation method is considered to be a greater number of organs being made available to people in need, compared to the current waiting list approach."
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Legal Implications of Steroid Use by Amateur Athletes, 2006.
A review of the legal implications of steroid use by amateur or professional athletes today.
1,737 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a review and discussion of the scholarly and peer-reviewed literature concerning steroid use among amateur and professional athletes and the legal implications thereof, followed by an analysis of the salient issues.
Contents:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Effects of Steroids
Incidence of Use
Analysis of Legal Issues and Controversies and Reactions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In 1976, amateur athletes were tested for prohibited substances at the Olympic Games in Montreal and again at the 1983 Pan American Games in Caracas, Venezuela; the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) banned anabolic steroids in 1973 and began random testing of student- athletes for performance-enhancing substances and recreational drugs in 1986. (Allison et al., 2003). Drug testing originally took place only at Division I football bowl games, and at some NCAA championships; however, since 1990, football players in Divisions I-A, I-AA, and II, as well as Division I indoor and outdoor track and field athletes, have been subject to drug testing all year long. Furthermore, Allison and his colleagues report that all NCAA student- athletes are subject to drug testing at NCAA championship events and at post-season bowl games (NCAA, 1998). Not surprisingly, the use of such drugs has attracted attention from those who would seek to gain a competitive edge over their peers as well as those who would attempt to discourage such usage. To better understand the rationale behind such efforts, the general effects of steroids are discussed further below."
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Gender Acquisition and its Implications, 2003.
A look at how psychoanalysis, social constructionism and post-structuralism define being a woman and the implications of this.
3,153 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper uses Simone Beauvoir's pioneering claim 'one is not born a woman, but, rather becomes one? as a beginning point in critically examining different theories which propose how one becomes a woman, not necessarily due to her biology. It addresses psychoanalysis, social constructionism and poststructuralism and takes Freud and Chodorow as exemplars of psychoanalysis, Oakley as an exemplar of the social constructionism perspective and Butler as an exemplar of the poststructuralist position. It aims to critically engage with the theories of these writers and attempts to establish the implications that each one carries towards our understanding of gender inequalities.
From the Paper
"Beauvior?s pioneering work became central to all subsequent theories on gender. A number of writers developed theories, which were based on the same tenants as Beauvior?s ideas. The theories in question can be divided into the three broad frameworks of psychoanalysis, social constructionism and poststructuralism. Examining the work of every writer associated with these positions goes well beyond the scope of this work. Hence this work shall be selective by taking Freud and Chodorow as exemplars of psychoanalysis, Oakley as an exemplar of social constructionism and taking Butler as an exemplar of the poststructuralist position. This work shall aim to critically engage with the theories of these writers and attempt to establish the implications that each one carries towards our understanding of gender inequalities."
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Psychological Implications of Child Abuse, 2006.
An overview of child abuse and the implications it has for a child's psychological and emotional development.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the psychological implications of child abuse. It attempts to explain the problem of child abuse, identify factors that generate child abuse and explore the effects of child abuse on development. The paper reports that the United States Department of Health and Human Services contends that a variety of signs may be evident in a child that lives in an abusive environment. For the educator key signs of abuse may include injuries that are reported to the parent but that are left untreated for no apparent reason (Recognizing sec. 2). The child might display a sudden lack of interest in school coupled with the inability to complete assignments or provide homework in a customary fashion.
From the Paper
"Child abuse has many terrible implications on a child's development. Several explanations of human development have been given through history to understand human behavior. Inside these diverse development concepts, psychology plays an outstanding part. These explanations recognize and explain the processes by which human beings, from a biological base, will undertake a road that will be good for them to reach maturity. Specific Objectives: * To explain the problem of child abuse * To identify the factors that generate child abuse. * To explore the effects of child abuse on development. A child needs to interact with his environment and in this way to establish a good quality of life, that is to say, the necessary conditions so the human being can reach a state that allows him to mature and adapt in a natural way and in reciprocity with his environment. For that reason when the conditions of the quality of..."
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Causes and Implications of Obesity in the United States, 2003.
A scholarly examination of the factors that contribute to the high incidence of obesity in the U.S. today, as well as what the implications of this trend are for this segment of the population.
3,139 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a comprehensive discussion of what obesity is according to the health care community, an examination of the extent of obesity in America today and its cultural considerations, and a segment on potential resolutions to the problem. A review of two leaders in the weight-loss industry, Jenny Craig, Inc. and Weight Watchers, follows, together with the results of a telephonic survey to representatives of these companies. Finally, a summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"The American Medical Association says that obesity is a disorder in which an individual is at least 20 percent over normal body weight. The research indicates that obesity is a major health concern in the United States today. About one in every five men and almost one in every three women in the U.S. are obese. In addition, there appear to be some cultural considerations involved in the perception of weight, and this has affected some segments of the population more than others. The literature shows that obesity causes or aggravates a number of physical problems, and that a combination of exercise and diet is the most effective method of losing weight and keeping it off. "
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AIDS and its Implications, 2002.
Looking at the health and psychosocial implications of AIDS and how it effects every aspect of our society.
1,261 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses both the physiological and psychosocial aspect of AIDS, including epidemiology, treatment, cultural factors and future research. It shows how AIDS is so wide-spread that it has entered every facet of our society and culture. A look at how this disease has effected and changed modern society.
From the Paper
"At this point in time, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a fatal disease; once the condition has moved from the virus stage into full-blown AIDS, there is little that can be done other than to make the patient comfortable for the remainder of his or her life. Attacking the body's immune system and rendering it virtually defenseless against outside invaders, AIDS slowly breaks down the body's ability to fight, ultimately destroying the person a little bit at a time."
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Environmental Implications of Depleted Uranium, 2008.
An examination of the history of the use of depleted uranium and its environmental and ethical implications.
2,634 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the environmental problems associated with the main final byproduct of nuclear waste, which is known as depleted uranium (DU). The paper first describes the history of the use of depleted uranium. It then discusses the associated ethical concerns, as well as environmental observations after wartime use of depleted uranium munitions. The paper contains graphs and figures.
Table of Contents:
Introduction and Outline of the Main Issues
Depleted Uranium Ordinance
Ethical Concerns
Environmental Observations After Wartime Use of Depleted Uranium Munitions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The most disturbing implications of all concern the discrepancy with which nuclear waste is handled and regulated to ensure its relative safety in the U.S. compared to the complete disregard that is apparent on the part of U.S. authorities in charge of occupied Iraqi territory. As the leader of global philanthropy and human rights throughout the world, the U.S. has a moral obligation to minimize the unintended environmental and human impact of its weapons of war on noncombatants. It may very well be the case that the use of DU ammunition is a necessary evil of 21st Century conflicts. Nevertheless, the moral imperative that is part and parcel of its justified use in wartime is to minimize, rather than ignore its lasting effects after cessation of hostilities."
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The Social Implications of Striving to Be Human, 2008.
This paper discusses the book "Of Mice and Men" by John Steinbeck, focusing on the social implications of striving to be human.
1,552 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in "Of Mice and Men", Steinbeck wrote of George and Lennie, a pair of ranch hands that were attempting to at long last realize their dreams of owning a small parcel of land and be considered as important human beings in the social order. The writer points out that Steinbeck included Lennie's mental condition and poverty as obstacles to that dream, which assisted in destroying the pair's goals through an episode of unintentional murder. The writer discusses that Steinbeck was successful at making a statement in this scene which indicated that the common man would always know struggle as a means of survival and that in most cases struggle to overcome social expectations would end in failure. The writer concludes that this is because society as whole makes determination about the placement of people and their roles in the social order and when those people intentionally strive to cast the rules aside, society must react with cruelty to ensure that balance in the social order is maintained.
From the Paper
"Steinbeck wrote of two main characters, George and Lennie. It is apparent, from the opening pages of the book that George and Lennie have led difficult lives, but that between them there is an immense hope for change in the future. Their shared dream is to own their own place where they can be proud members of society, rather than laborers that never realize reward for their work. Yet, also in the opening pages of the book, it is evident that there are two factors that may affect their pursuit of their dream and these are the mental health of Lennie and the social position of the pair that likens them to animals, rather than human beings."
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