| Papers [1-14] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 8] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 —> | Search results on "ABU GHRAIB SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSPECTIVE": |
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Abu Ghraib: A Social Psychology Perspective, 2004.
This paper looks at social psychology as the cause for abuse of prisoners in Abu Ghraib.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the abuse of prisoners in Abu Ghraib. The writer discusses how social psychology may have made inevitable what happened between the prisoners and the soldiers at Abu Ghraib .
From the Paper
"Currently several military trails are going on following the revelation of abuse of Iraqi prisoners in Abu Ghraib prison. For example, Reserve Sgt. Gary Pittman went on trial for his involvement in the assault of an Iraqi POW, who later died. This paper examines the facts that led to this and other abuses at Abu Ghraib from the perspective of social psychology, in order to ask the question: Could social psychology have predicted ... "
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Psychology from the Psychodynamic Perspective, 2002.
An examination of the formation of psychodynamic psychology and key individuals who contributed to it.
2,305 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explores how several key individuals contributed to psychology's first main perspective and formed the basis for psychology today. Individuals discussed include Freud, Jung, Horney, Adler, Darwin, Erikson, Wundt, among others. It focuses on the psychodynamic perspective of psychology and shows how psychodynamic psychologists incorporated the ideas of functionalism and structuralism into their work.
From the Paper
"The psychodynamic perspective had a wide range of influences leading to its founding in the early 1900?s. Aristotle first proposed the idea of learning by association and explored how people formed connections between ideas and events. Functionalism was pioneered by William James and emphasized the analysis of the processes by which the mind works. Structuralism was developed by Wilhelm Wundt and used the introspectionist method to analyze the contents of the mind. Through his work on animals concerning evolution, Darwin introduced the theory of biological continuity across species during the late 1800?s. Darwin?s ideas would eventually convince many prominent psychodynamic psychologists that human motivation for behavior is biologically based. This notion would effect the work of Freud, Adler, and Erikson. The development of the psychodynamic perspective took place during the Victorian age. This was a time when women were heavily repressed and sexist attitudes were widespread. These factors, along with the beginnings of the feminist movement, influenced the theories proposed by Freud and Horney. Several important events and individuals helped to shape the psychodynamic perspective."
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Abu Ghraib, 2008.
A discussion on the abuse at Abu Ghraib in light of the Stanford Prison Experiment.
752 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib to that seen in Philip Zimbardo's landmark psychological experiment into group behavior and the effects of differential power. The paper relates that Zimbardo's experiment demonstrated that even ordinary citizens without any previous history or known predisposition toward violence or abusive behavior have the potential to become cruelly abusive under circumstances that combine authority, unsupervised autonomy, and authoritative control over others. The paper then looks at how, in many ways, the real-life abuses at Abu Ghraib paralleled Zimbardo's previous observations of human behavior during his 1971 experiment at Stanford.
From the Paper
"The degree of abuse at Abu Ghraib was much worse than observed in the 1971 Stanford experiment, even after factoring in the fundamental differences between real life situations and controlled experiment. If anything, the fact that ordinary civilian students proved capable of such conduct on other civilians, even without the psychological stresses of a wartime combat zone and genuinely hostile prisoners, suggests that the risk of similar abuse in genuine wartime situations is much higher. "
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The Abu Ghraib Prison Scandal, 2008.
A discussion of the Abu Ghraib prison scandal in Iraq, in which United States military soldiers behaved unethically towards prisoners.
970 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Abu Ghraib prison scandal in Iraq, where discipline and military standards were disregarded by US military soldiers, who beat, humiliated, and tortured prisoners. The paper points out that the US did not start to reevaluate the standards and conditions of their prisons until more cases of prisoner mistreatment throughout prisons in Iraq started to surface. The American Army started to set new standards to enforce throughout its units since it could no longer place the blame on "a few bad apples." The paper argues that, while this might seem like a change for the better, the United States Army was already in the possession of the resources needed to prevent such an occurrence. The paper concludes that the events that took place at Abu Ghraib and other prisons could have been avoided with the presence of proper leadership, supervision, and enforcement of basic military standards.
From the Paper
"During times of war, strong leadership and positive role models are essential in keeping order and focus in a group of people. Good leaders take charge, allot tasks, and enable others to cooperate to complete a project. In order to sustain their status and continuation of the group, soldiers take part in collective observational learning. This prevents corruption through negative reinforcement and strengthens camaraderie through mutual positive reinforcement. In my beast squad, my platoon sergeant was always present, setting examples for New Cadets to follow. My squad leader imitated his actions, always treating us fairly, and disciplined us when we needed it. In the case of Abu Ghraib, the presence of a positive role model was needed to prevent the distortion of military standards. The presence of a good leader would have allowed the soldiers in the prison unit to instill within themselves competence, loyalty, and honor to the tasks they were assigned. Furthermore, if Staff Sergeant Ivan Frederick II was a good leader, he would have instated the military standards in accordance with the Geneva Convention that he and his staff were trained in, and he would have felt the moral obligation to stop the mistreatment of prisoners. The soldiers tasked with guarding the prisoners would not have been free to abuse detainees had Staff Sergeant Frederick II followed his training and enforced orders."
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Abu Ghraib Prison, 2007.
This paper discusses the photographs from the atrocities associated with the American controlled Iraqi prison named Abu Ghraib.
3,860 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the atrocities associated with the once American controlled Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq have been represented visually through a series of oft repeated photographs taken by American guards at the prison. The author points out that these images are of frequently naked, hooded Iraqi prisoners being publicly shamed and tortured by America soldiers, often shown smiling and referring to the spectacle with what can only be described as glee. The paper states that these pictures have left a lasting mark on the face of the war and on the image of the United States all over the world.
From the Paper
"Another issue associated with these grave deeds and their photographic record is the obvious and frequent utilization of nudity as a manner to debase prisoners. The guards are shown fully uniformed (in a show of power over the prisoners) while prisoners, except for the covering of their faces are debased in scenes of immorality completely incongruent with their faith and their pride, yet interestingly congruent with the world view (as it applies to Islam) as it relates to hatred of western freedoms, including the manner in which the west freely depicts nudity and objectifies the body."
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Abu Ghraib and Sabra and Shatila: Crimes Forgotten, 2005.
Examines how the Israeli and American publics quickly lost memory of the human rights abuses of Sabra and Shatila and Abu Ghraib.
2,105 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 37 sources, MLA, £ 46.95
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Abstract
Using polling data from the Israeli and American publics from the early 1980s, along with newspapers too, this paper studies how public support for the 2003 Iraq War and the 1982-1983 Lebanon invasion rebounded, despite the Abu Ghraib and Sabra and Shatila incidents.
From the Paper
"The United States of America, scholars might someday say, happened upon the invasion of the Mesopotamian state of Iraq while searching for international terrorist groups in all of the wrong places. This is stated glibly because it is a very long and complex story. For the purpose of this study, it is only necessary to understand that having conquered Iraq, terminated its central government, and unwittingly facilitated the decline of civil society, the United States began detaining and interrogating petty criminals, former Ba'th party officials, violent insurgents, and frankly any other suspicious persons within the country's borders in March of 2003."
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Two Psychological Perspectives, 2002.
This essay compares and contrasts the two most popular perspectives in psychology- psychoanalyst and behaviorist.
2,054 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This essay looks at two out the the six approaches to psychology - the psychoanalyst and behaviorist approaches . Freud's theories are examined with relation to the psychoanalyst approach while the theories of Skinner and Watson are also discussed in terms of the behaviorist approach. These theories are compared for the similarities while they are also contrasted. The writer shows how each approach contributes in a different way to the understanding of psychology.
From the Paper
"For this essay it will subsequently be beneficial to compare and contrast Psychoanalysis and Behaviourism in retrospect; as these perspectives have been associated with important figures in the world of psychology. Sigmund Freud was the founder of psychoanalysis, while J.B Watson was one of the main leaders of the behaviourist movement; Burrus Skinner looked keen on developing behaviourism further. In order to achieve this it is imperative to research into the history of psychoanalysis and behaviourism, and it is imperative to consider how they have been developed and the fundamental principles on which they rely. As a result it is essential to present any similarities and differences in the two approaches. (Hayes, N (2000))"
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Memory from Seven Psychological Perspectives., 2002.
An alternative study of the issue of memory.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This five-page undergraduate paper relates memory of first communion to seven psychological perspectives. The most important perspectives are placed first. It is also shown how all the perspectives are connected to one another.
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The Abu Ghraib Torture Scandal, 2005.
An analysis of U.S. violation of international humanitarian law during the Iraq War.
5,077 words (approx. 20.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, £ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the official culpability of the United States in the Abu Ghraib torture scandal and argues that the superpower is guilty of the deliberate violation of the most basic tenets of warfare and international humanitarian law.
From the Paper
"The fact of the matter is that the United Nations has repeatedly demonstrated its incapacity to fulfill the roles and goals that it established for itself. This observation is implied, even though not explicitly stated, in Diehl et. al.'s article on the United Nations' peacekeeping functions ad its record in controlling conflicts (683-684). According to this viewpoint, the United Nations, as an organization, and irrespective of the many institutions and organs that it comprises, has neither the manpower nor the financial resources needed to fulfill its duties and responsibilities towards the international community (683-684)."
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Behaviorist Perspective in Psychology, 2002.
An examination into the beginning of the behaviorist perspective psychology and a definition of this school of thought.
1,095 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a history of behaviorism and focuses on the contributions of Edward Thorndike, John Watson, Bandura, and especially Pavlov and Skinner. The paper discusses the main concepts of behaviorism and looks at key experiments in the field.
From the Paper
"At the beginning of the twentieth century, psychology tended to focus on the experimental study of physiological processes and the use of introspection to analyze experiences. Physiological research was limited due to the technology available at the time. Introspection was controversial because it was extremely subjective. Many psychologists believed that if psychology was to be respected as a science, then it must focus on observable events and behaviors, not introspection. Behaviorism, a dominant force in psychology from the early 1900s until the mid-1950s, developed largely as a reaction to the psychoanalytic perspective and the use of introspection. Behaviorists were opposed to introspection, believing it was too subjective, especially regarding mental processes. Behaviorist experiments used an observable stimulus on an organism which caused an observable response, without reference to the mental processes involved. Behaviorism, which developed as a reaction to introspection, contributed much to the understanding of learning principles, but is heavily criticized for underestimating the importance of cognition and biological predispostions on an organism?s learning ability."
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Community Psychology And Traditional Psychology, 2002.
Examines the differences between the two schools of psychology.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 9 sources, £ 27.95
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Abstract
Examines the differences between the two schools of psychology. Community as grounded in roots of ecological psychology & the social sciences. Traditional as based upon principles of psychoanalysis, behaviorism & humanistic psychotherapies. Uses actor Robert Downey, Jr. and his chronic substance abuse problems to illustrate how both schools of psychology would analyze his difficulties.
From the Paper
"Community psychology is a specialization within a larger realm encompassing psychology and the social sciences that is grounded in the roots of ecological psychology (What is community psychology..., 2000). Traditional psychology, on the other hand, is based upon fundamental principles of psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanistic psychotherapies (Garfield & Bergin, 1986). The two approaches differ in terms of views, values, and focus. The purpose of this report is to examine the differences between these two schools of psychology with reference to a specific individual seeking help for a life problem. The individual selected is the well-known actor, Robert Downey, Jr., whose substance abuse problems have been tracked in the popular press over the course of the last several years."
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Psychology and the Psychological Study of Human Aggression, 2000.
A look at various psychological studies and opinion on human aggression.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 9 sources, £ 38.95
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From the Paper
"Psychology is a science dealing with behavior and mental processes. It concerns the hows and whys of individual human behavior. Psychological research employs the scientific method, which utilizes the techniques and procedures of naturalistic observation and experimentation to deal with facts, data, and their interpretation according to certain principles. In a given study, the dependent variable under study is considered to be a function of the 'independent variables. Typically, one independent variable is manipulated - the experi-mental variable, while the other independent variables are controlled. Statistical methods are then employed to anal, the research data to ascertain if the findings support or refute the experimental hypothesis......."
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Social Influence, 2007.
This paper argues that the maltreatment of prisoners of war at Abu-Ghraib was only due to social influences.
978 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that social influence is the phenomena by which people are coerced into behaviors that they would not normally display. The paper asserts that the soldiers involved in the inhumane treatment of prisoners of war at Abu-Ghraib should not be held individually responsible for their actions. The paper contends that only due to the social influence of the group mindset, coupled with the daily stresses of being in a war zone, they acted in such a way.
Outline:
Introduction
Social Influence
From the Paper
"In January 2004 upper level military personnel received word that a SGT had filed concerns that some of his fellow military police guards were treating prisoners of war badly(Hasenauer, 2004)."
"The ensuing investigation lasted seven months and was conducted by several agencies before the final determination was made that prisoners of war in Abu Ghraib were treated inhumanely by American soldiers. It was a story that was heard around the world as anger mounted against the Americans who claimed to be fighting against Saddam's regime and inhumane treatment of people and then did the same thing to prisoners of war."
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The Bible & Psychology, 1999.
Applies Bible's principles & views of human nature to study & practice of psychology. Christian & secular psychology, role of personal experience in integration of biblical & psychological perspectives.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 15 sources, £ 90.95
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From the Paper
" THE BIBLE AND PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction
In brief, Bible interpretation can be defined as an ongoing attempt to gather more and more precise knowledge of what God is saying to people about the nature of reality, the nature of the world, and the nature of human beings both individually and collectively. It is the latter categories of God's Word, as revealed through the Bible, that appear to make it directly applicable to the study and practice of psychology.
However, arriving at the most precise (and hopefully most valid) interpretations of the bible in general and its applications to psychology in particular is difficult because, as noted by Myers (1986):
The language of the Bible is varied, ranging from the.."
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